Project description:Mineralised dental plaque (calculus) has proven to be an excellent source of ancient biomolecules. In this study we present a Mycobacterium leprae genome (6.6-fold), the causative agent of leprosy, recovered via shotgun sequencing of 16th century human dental calculus from an individual from Trondheim, Norway. Moreover, ancient mycobacterial peptides were retrieved via mass spectrometry-based proteomics, further validating the presence of the pathogen. M. leprae can readily be detected in the oral cavity and associated mucosal membranes, which likely contributed to it being incorporated into this individual’s dental calculus. This individual showed some possible, but not definitive, evidence of skeletal lesions associated with early stage leprosy. This study is the first known example of successful multi-omics retrieval of M. leprae from archaeological dental calculus. Furthermore, we offer new insights into dental calculus as an alternative sample source to bones or teeth for detecting and molecularly characterizing M. leprae in individuals from the archaeological record.
Project description:Gene expression was measured in the gills of saltwater (SW) acclimated Atlantic Killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, over a time course of freshwater (FW) exposure, in which half the fish were exposed to arsenic. Fish were sampled from three populations, two from Maine, USA (ME) and one from Virginia, USA (VA)
2018-01-25 | GSE104218 | GEO
Project description:Resequencing Solanaceae (Potato and Tomato) 19th century samples
Project description:Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) is a rapidly developing and increasingly utilised peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) technique that analyses Collagen 1A1 and 1A2 marker peptides for the genus- or species-level identification of fragmentary bones in the archaeological record. Traditionally, this analysis is performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS) to identify characteristic m/z values of known marker peptides. Here we present data on the application of a modified ZooMS approach, using nanoflow liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry proteomics, to the analysis of a collection of six early colonial Australian (early to mid-19th Century CE) bone artefacts excavated from a site in Pyrmont, Sydney, Australia in 2017. We were successfully able to identify characteristic marker peptides for bovine COL1A1 and COL1A2 in all six artefacts.
Project description:This paper reports on human burials and dietary reconstructions using a combination of mortuary, isotopic data and new 14C dates, recorded on mortuary contexts excavated at Aniwa, Futuna, and Tanna islands in 1964 during Shutlers pioneering archaeological work and more recently in the course of our South Vanuatu Archaeological Survey (SVAS) project. The earliest burials date to the first millennium AD, with subsequent changes and continuities of practice into the 19th century. Isotopic results suggest an influence of geographic and environmental characteristics of each islands on their diet. Diachronic comparisons suggest a decrease in diet breadth over time without significant change in food trophic level. These variations are discussed in relation to the complex history of island settlement, adaptation, and interaction in the region and beyond. In this paper, we analyse carbon and nitrogen isotopic data measured in individuals from Aniwa, Tanna and Futuna in relation to ecological and cultural features of the islands, and discuss their variation in relation to the islands’ complex history of settlement, adaptation, and interaction within the South Vanuatu region and beyond.
Project description:Analysis of organic residues from different typologies of ancient funerary pottery found in graves at two archaeological sites of Campania Region in southern Italy and dating back to the age of the Italic populations during the first millennium BC. Several analytical techniques have been exploited. Proteomics was decisive for the characterization of the proteins and the assignment of the species of origin. Samples were encrustations on two bowls of the 3rd-4th century BC unhearted in Capua and one Phoenician-type amphora with unusual shape, found in a grave at the necropolis of the Greek colony in Cuma (7th century BC). Concretions on bowls were identified with the decisive contribution of proteomics as bovine bone. The amphora contained 2,500 years old bovine milk.
Project description:Proteomic analysis of the cardiac relic of Blessed Pauline Jaricot upon restoration of the cardiotaph of this 19th century missionary figure. Without any a priori metaproteomics interpretation allowed identification of the proteins and their taxonomical origins.
Project description:Bone protein extractions for stable isotope analysis from 18th and 19th century humans from North America were analyzed for their protein content. Samples were classified by their stable isotope quality and changes between them were evaluated.
2020-10-05 | MSV000086235 | MassIVE
Project description:Sequencing of ancient DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from archaeological specimens
