Project description:The nasopharyngeal microbiota of healthy cattle vs. cattle diagnosed with BRD in a commercial feedlot setting was compared using a high-density 16S rRNA microarray (Phylochip). Nasopharyngeal samples were taken from both groups of animals (n=5) at feedlot entry (day 0) and >60 days later.
Project description:miRNA profiling of bovine satellite cells (BSC) differentiated into myotubes (6th day of in vitro differentiation). BSC isolated from m. semitendinosus of beef (Hereford & Limousine) and dairy (Holstein-Friesian) cattle. Goal was to determine differences in miRNA expresion during in vitro myogenesis in beef vs dairy cattle used as a control.
Project description:Jugular whole blood samples (Tempus Blood RNA tubes) were collected and utilized from 43 cattle, specifically from all cattle diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) during Texas backgrounding (n=32) and randomly selected cattle never treated for BRD (n=11). Total RNA was isolated from blood samples, and were library prepared and sequenced via Illumina NovaSeq 6000 S4 chemistry. Samples were bioinformatically processed in a HISAT2/StringTie2 pipeline, and stratified based on BRD diagnosis and marketing strategy (Auction versus Direct marketing and transport). Differential expression analysis was conducted in R, utilizing an additive, multifactor generalized linear model and blocking for Mississippi pasture and vaccination status. Genes were considered differentially expressed with an FDR cutoff of 0.05. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes and mechanisms within and across marketing cohorts with and without BRD.
Project description:The 2024 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 in U.S. dairy cattle presented an unprecedented scenario where the virus infected bovine mammary glands and was detected in milk, raising serious concerns for public health and the dairy industry. Unlike previously described subclinical influenza A virus (IAV) infections in cattle, H5N1 infection induced severe clinical symptoms, including respiratory distress, mastitis, and abnormal milk production. To understand the host immune responses and changes particularly in the mammary gland, we performed scRNA-seq analysis on bovine milk somatic cells (bMSC) in-vitro infected with H5N1 isolate from dairy farm. We identified ten distinct cell clusters and observed a shift toward type-2 immune responses, characterized by T-cells expressing IL13 and GATA3, and three different subtypes of epithelial cells based on expression of genes associated with milk production. Our study revealed temporal dynamics in cytokine expression, with a rapid decline in luminal epithelial cells and an increase in macrophages and dendritic cells, suggesting a role in increased antigen presentation. These findings indicate that bovine H5N1 infection triggers complex immune responses involving both pro-inflammatory and regulatory pathways. This research fills a critical gap in understanding the immune responses of bovine mammary glands to H5N1 infection and highlights the need for further investigation into therapeutic strategies for managing such outbreaks.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in rumen epithelium of dairy cattle at different stages of rumen development and on different diets.
Project description:Whole RNA transcriptome was performed on bovine lung granulomatous tissues from Mycobacterium orygis infected cattle and compared with healthy cattle lung tissues.
Project description:Purpose: Screening the sperm sncRNAs that are responsible for dairy cattle fertility is of great interest, however, exploring the fertility-associated sncRNAs in sperm and linking them with the epigenetic inheritance in bovine has not been performed yet. Here in this study, we hypothesized that some sncRNAs in bovine sperm have a great potential to be linked with direct and immediate bull fertility data and could later influence the embryo and possibly impacting the daughter fertility. Methods: 12 bovine cryopreserved semen (high bull fertility, n=3 VS low bull fertility, n=3; high daughter fertility, n=3 vs low daughter fertility, n=3) that came from a pre-filtered 100 bull list (Figure 1) had been selected to extract total sperm RNA, the somatic cell lysis buffer had been added during the RNA extraction process to avoid the somatic cell pollution. The maternal and other confounding factors had been taken into consideration during the calculation of the phenotype criteria index.After the library construction, the library size that was smaller than 200 base pairs (adapter size around 125 nt) had been cut and sent for next-generation sequencing Results: bull fertility and daughter fertility related sncRNAs had been identified. Conclusions: providing promising epigenetic biomarker for cattle fertility improvement in the future, although these small non-coding RNAs need to be validated in larger sample sizes before being used as biomarkers.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of blood B cells from bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle comparing IgMhigh B cells with IgMlow B cells. Goal was to estimate the difference of cellular function in both subset. Two-condition experiment, IgMhigh B cells vs. IgMlow B cells from three bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle.
