Human cytomegalovirus infection impairs axon formation via repressing glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity-mediated adenosine triphosphate synthesis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1303673 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)has a global distribution and is highly prevalent. HCMV infection has been recognized as a major contributor to neural development abnormalities in embryos and children. However, the underlying mechanisms by which HCMV infection leads to neurological diseases remain incompletely understood. Our study showed that HCMV inhibits neural cell differentiation by affecting the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during neural differentiation. In this work, we found that HCMV infection interferes with the neural differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs)and human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Ys), affects the expression of neural cell markers, and inhibits the axon formation of neural cells. Under neurogenic inductive conditions, HCMV infection of SHEDs and SH-SY5Ys caused an increase in Glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) phosphorylation level and a decrease in GSK-3β phosphatase activity. HCMV infection was shown to inhibits GSK-3β activity, suppresses the level of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in cells, reduces ATP production, impedes energy supply during neural differentiation, and inhibits neural differentiation. Our study sheds light on a molecular mechanism by which crosstalk between protein phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation links HCMV infection and neural differentiation and raises a potential strategy for the therapy of congenital HCMV infection.
2025-08-09 | GSE305000 | GEO
Project description:Nuclear myosin 1c (NM1) mediates RNA polymerase I (pol I) transcription activation and cell cycle progression by facilitating PCAF-mediated H3K9 acetylation, but the molecular mechanism by which NM1 is regulated remains unclear. Here, we report that at early G1 the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β phosphorylates and stabilizes NM1, allowing for NM1 association with the chromatin. Genomic analysis by ChIP-Seq showed that this mechanism occurs on the rDNA as active GSK3β selectively occupies the gene. ChIP assays and transmission electron microscopy in GSK3β-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts indicated that at G1 rRNA synthesis is suppressed due to decreased H3K9 acetylation leading to a chromatin state incompatible with transcription. We found that GSK3β directly phosphorylates the endogenous NM1 on a single serine residue (Ser-1020) located within the NM1 C-terminus. In G1 this phosphorylation event stabilizes NM1 and prevents NM1 polyubiquitination by the E3 ligase UBR5 and proteasome-mediated degradation. We conclude that GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of NM1 is required for pol I transcription activation. Examination of GSK3beta with the genome in mouse embryonic fibroblasts
2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-57153 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Nuclear myosin 1c (NM1) mediates RNA polymerase I (pol I) transcription activation and cell cycle progression by facilitating PCAF-mediated H3K9 acetylation, but the molecular mechanism by which NM1 is regulated remains unclear. Here, we report that at early G1 the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β phosphorylates and stabilizes NM1, allowing for NM1 association with the chromatin. Genomic analysis by ChIP-Seq showed that this mechanism occurs on the rDNA as active GSK3β selectively occupies the gene. ChIP assays and transmission electron microscopy in GSK3β-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts indicated that at G1 rRNA synthesis is suppressed due to decreased H3K9 acetylation leading to a chromatin state incompatible with transcription. We found that GSK3β directly phosphorylates the endogenous NM1 on a single serine residue (Ser-1020) located within the NM1 C-terminus. In G1 this phosphorylation event stabilizes NM1 and prevents NM1 polyubiquitination by the E3 ligase UBR5 and proteasome-mediated degradation. We conclude that GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of NM1 is required for pol I transcription activation.
2014-05-02 | GSE57153 | GEO
Project description:Modulating signaling pathways including Wnt and Hippo can induce cardiomyocyte proliferation in vivo. Applying these signaling modulators to human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in vitro can expand CMs only to modest extent (< 5-fold). Here, we demonstrate massive expansion of hiPSC-CMs in vitro (i.e. 100-250-fold) by glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inhibition using CHIR99021 and concurrent removal of cell-cell contact. We show GSK-3β inhibition suppresses CM maturation while contact removal prevents CMs from cell cycle exit. Remarkably, contact removal enabled 10-to-25-times greater expansion beyond GSK-3β inhibition alone. Mechanistically, cell cycle re-activation required both LEF/TCF activity and AKT phosphorylation, but it was independent from Yes associated protein (YAP) activity. Engineered heart tissues from expanded hiPSC-CMs showed the comparable contractility to those from unexpanded hiPSC-CMs, demonstrating uncompromised cellular functionality after expansion. In sum, we uncovered a molecular interplay that enables massive expansion hiPSC-CMs for large-scale drug screening and tissue engineering.
2020-08-03 | GSE148586 | GEO
Project description:The endogenous nucleotide adenosine 5’-tetraphosphate (Ap4) has emerged as a potent vasoconstrictor. Despite its structural similarity to the danger signal adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the immunomodulatory effects of Ap4 remain unclear. To gain a deeper insight into the biological processes underlying Ap4- and ATP-mediated responses, RNA-sequence analysis of transcriptional changes in THP-1 macropahges was performed. After 3 hours of stimulation with Ap4 or ATP, THP-1 macrophages showed significant changes in RNA expression compared to the unstimulated control.
2025-02-21 | GSE272546 | GEO
Project description:Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) has been recently identified as an important regulator of stem cell function. In vitro studies show that GSK-3β inhibition delays proliferation of human haematopoietic progenitor cells while increasing numbers of late dividing multipotent progenitors. Gene expression analysis revealed that GSK-3β inhibition modulates the expression of a subset of genes that are transcriptional targets for cytokines. GSK-3β inhibition antagonised down-regulation of genes encoding cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p57 and a member of the growth arrest and DNA damage 45 family, GADD45B as well as up-regulation of cyclin D1 by cytokines, providing a possible mechanism for the BIO-induced delay in cell cycle progression. Surprisingly, inhibition of GSK-3β earlier shown to prevent β-catenin degradation and promote the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin was not sufficient to activate its transcriptional targets in haematopoietic stem cells. GSK-3β inhibition up-regulated the expression of a several positive regulators of stem cell function suppressed during cytokine-induced proliferation. The data supports a clinical role for GSK-3β inhibition to improve engraftment efficiency of ex vivo expanded stem cells.
2010-03-26 | GSE21073 | GEO
Project description:Adenosine 5’-tetraphosphate and adenosine triphosphate signaling in THP-1 macrophages.
| PRJNA1137324 | ENA
Project description:To analyze the roles of GSK-3β in podocytes, GSK-3β knockdown lentivirus by Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein (Cas)9 was applied to establish stable cell lines. Phosphoproteome and proteome evaluation was conducted using TMT labeled LC-MS/MS technologies.
2021-09-10 | PXD024543 | Pride
Project description:Draxin is an important axon guidance cue necessary for the formation of forebrain commissures including the corpus callosum, but the molecular details of draxin signaling are unknown. To unravel how draxin signals are propagated we used murine cortical neurons and genetic and pharmacological approaches. We found that draxin-induced growth cone collapse critically depends on draxin receptors (deleted in colorectal cancer, DCC), inhibition of protein kinase B/Akt, activation of GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase-3β) and the presence of microtubule-associated protein MAP1B. This study, for the first time elucidates molecular events in draxin repulsion, links draxin and DCC to MAP1B and identifies a novel MAP1B-depenent GSK-3β pathway essential for chemo-repulsive axon guidance cue signaling.
| S-EPMC4361590 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase with more than 100 substrates and interacting molecules. GSK3β is normally active in cells and negative regulation of GSK3β activity via phosphorylation of its serine 9 residue is required for most normal cells to maintain homeostasis. Aberrant expression and activity of GSK3β contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of common recalcitrant diseases such as glucose intolerance, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Despite recognized roles against several proto-oncoproteins and mediators of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, deregulated GSK3β also participates in tumor cell survival, evasion of apoptosis, proliferation and invasion, as well as sustaining cancer stemness and inducing therapy resistance. A therapeutic effect from GSK3β inhibition has been demonstrated in 25 different cancer types. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that GSK3β inhibition protects normal cells and tissues from the harmful effects associated with conventional cancer therapies. Here, we review the evidence supporting aberrant GSK3β as a hallmark property of cancer and highlight the beneficial effects of GSK3β inhibition on normal cells and tissues during cancer therapy. The biological rationale for targeting GSK3β in the treatment of cancer is also discussed at length.
| S-EPMC7349761 | biostudies-literature