Gut microbiome in response to prebiotic/probiotic supplementation
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1311295 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The rate of probiotic usage by pregnant women in the US and Canada ranges from 1.3 to 3.6 %. Probiotic supplements are available without a prescription and have gained currency in treating a variety of ailment ranging from reducing risk of constipation, diarrhea, other gastrointestinal conditions, eczema, pre-term birth, and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and depression/anxiety. Three possible mechanisms by which maternal probiotic supplementation might influence the placenta are through 1) directly impacting possible bacteria residing in the placenta (placenta microbiome), 2) altering bacterial metabolites produced by gut microbiota within the mother that induce placental changes, and 3) maternal probiotics might affect the composition of the bacteria within the maternal gut that affects her immune cells and their responses to the heterologous placenta. For the second potential mechanism, bacterial metabolites that might influence placenta include short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), polyamines (PAs), and Vitamins B9 (Folic Acid) and 12 (Cobalamin), among others. This project aims to determine the effects maternal probiotic supplementation in mice might have on the fetal placenta. With the number of women taking over probiotic supplements increasing, further research is needed to determine how these bioactive agents may affect the placenta and health of the offspring.
2025-09-26 | GSE309308 | GEO
Project description:Effect of prebiotic supplementation on gut microbiota
| PRJEB56084 | ENA
Project description:Background: Parkinson’s disease is associated with a dysbiotic, proinflammatory gut microbiome, disruptions to intestinal barrier functions, and immunological imbalance. Microbiota-produced short-chain fatty acids, such as propionic and butyric acid promote gut barrier integrity and immune regulation, but their impact on Parkinson’s disease pathology remains mostly unknown .Methods: In a randomized double-blind prospective study, 72 people with Parkinson’s disease received propionic and butyric acid and/or the prebiotic fiber 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation over 6 months in combination with existing Parkinson’s disease-specific therapy. Patients underwent complete neurological assessment and provided blood and stool samples before as well as 3 and 6 months after supplementation. Results: We observed improvement in motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to modulation of peripheral immunity and improved mitochondrial respiration in immunocytes. Postintervention microbiota remodeled inflammatory and barrier-related gene sets in gut organ cultures and improved in vitro barrier functions. Treatment response was associated with microbiome composition, distinct patterns of colonic transcription and permeability ex vivo. Multiobjective analysis revealed immune parameters associated with an optimal response to supplementation. Conclusion: Short-chain fatty acids ameliorate clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients and modulate intestinal and peripheral immunity.
2025-11-12 | GSE296010 | GEO
Project description:Background: Parkinson’s disease is associated with a dysbiotic, proinflammatory gut microbiome, disruptions to intestinal barrier functions, and immunological imbalance. Microbiota-produced short-chain fatty acids, such as propionic and butyric acid promote gut barrier integrity and immune regulation, but their impact on Parkinson’s disease pathology remains mostly unknown .Methods: In a randomized double-blind prospective study, 72 people with Parkinson’s disease received propionic and butyric acid and/or the prebiotic fiber 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation over 6 months in combination with existing Parkinson’s disease-specific therapy. Patients underwent complete neurological assessment and provided blood and stool samples before as well as 3 and 6 months after supplementation. Results: We observed improvement in motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to modulation of peripheral immunity and improved mitochondrial respiration in immunocytes. Postintervention microbiota remodeled inflammatory and barrier-related gene sets in gut organ cultures and improved in vitro barrier functions. Treatment response was associated with microbiome composition, distinct patterns of colonic transcription and permeability ex vivo. Multiobjective analysis revealed immune parameters associated with an optimal response to supplementation. Conclusion: Short-chain fatty acids ameliorate clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients and modulate intestinal and peripheral immunity.
2025-11-12 | GSE296011 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND. The incidence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) has significantly increased in recent decades and coincides with lifestyle changes that have likely altered the composition of the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction are associated with T1D, and notably, our studies have identified an inflammatory state in T1D families that is consistent microbial antigen exposure. METHODS. We conducted a 6-week, single-arm, open-label trial to investigate whether daily multi-strain probiotic (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus) supplementation could reduce the familial inflammatory state in 25 unaffected siblings of diabetes patients. RESULTS. Probiotic supplementation was found safe and well-tolerated; there were no adverse events and participant adherence was 93%. Bacterial 16S rDNA gene sequencing of stool revealed that community alpha and beta diversity were not altered between the pre- and post-supplement samplings. LEfSe analyses identified post-supplement enrichment of the family Lachnospiraceae, producers of the anti-inflammatory short chain fatty acid butyrate. Systemic inflammation was measured by plasma induced transcription and quantified with a gene ontology-based composite inflammatory index (I.I.com). After supplementation, I.I.com was reduced (p=0.017), and pathway analysis predicted inhibition of IL17A, lipopolysaccharide, NFkB, IL1B, and TNF (Z-score≤-2.0) and activation of IL10RA (Z-score=2.0). Post-supplement plasma levels of IL12p40, IL-13, IL-15, IL-18, CCL2, CCL24 were reduced (p<0.05), while butyrate levels trended 2.4-fold higher (p=0.06). CONCLUSION. There is a substantial need for safe, broadly applicable therapies to reduce T1D susceptibility. This study indicates that investigations of prebiotic and probiotic strategies are warranted as they may be efficacious either alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents.
2022-03-01 | GSE162622 | GEO
Project description:This work investigates the effects of a prebiotic mix containing lutein, zeaxanthin, and saffron, recognized for their anti-inflammatory properties, on ophthalmological and microbial parameters in neovascular AMD (nAMD) patients.
2024-12-05 | GSE261732 | GEO
Project description:The gut and local esophageal microbiome progressively shift from healthy commensal bacteria to inflammatory-linked pathogenic bacteria in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, mechanisms by which microbial communities contribute to reflux-driven EAC remain incompletely understood and challenging to target. Herein, we utilized a rat reflux-induced EAC model to investigate targeting the gut microbiome-esophageal metabolome axis with cranberry proanthocyanidins (C-PAC) to inhibit EAC progression. Sprague Dawley rats, with or without reflux-induction received water or C-PAC ad libitum (700 µg/rat/day) for 25 or 40 weeks. C-PAC exerted prebiotic activity abrogating reflux-induced dysbiosis, and mitigating bile acid metabolism and transport, culminating in significant inhibition of EAC through TLR/NF-κB/TP53 signaling cascades. At the species level, C-PAC mitigated reflux-induced pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus parasanguinis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis). C-PAC specifically reversed reflux-induced bacterial, inflammatory and immune-implicated proteins and genes including Ccl4, Cd14, Crp, Cxcl1, Il6, Il1β, Lbp, Lcn2, Myd88, Nfkb1, Tlr2 and Tlr4 aligning with changes in human EAC progression, as confirmed through public databases. C-PAC is a safe promising dietary constituent that may be utilized alone or potentially as an adjuvant to current therapies to prevent EAC progression through ameliorating reflux-induced dysbiosis, inflammation and cellular damage.
2024-02-08 | GSE254633 | GEO
Project description:The bifidogenic effect of the prebiotic inulin and its hydrolysed form (fructoligosaccharide, FOS) is well established since they promote the growth of specific beneficial (probiotic) gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria. Previous studies of the opportunistic nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 have shown that inulin and FOS reduce growth, biofilm formation, through decrease of its ability to motility and exotoxin secretion. However, the transcriptional basis for these phenotypic alterations remains unclear. To address this question we conducted RNA-sequence analysis. In most cases changes in the transcript level induced by inulin and FOS were similar. However, a set of transcripts were increased in expression response to inulin, but reduced in the presence of FOS. In the presence of inulin or FOS 260 and 217 transcript levels, respectively, were altered as compared to the control to which no polysaccharide was added. Importantly, changes in transcript levels of 57 and 83 genes were found to be specific for either inulin or FOS, respectively, indicating that both compounds trigger different changes. Gene pathway analysis of different exposure genes (DEG) revealed a specific FOS-mediated reduction in transcript levels of genes that participate in several canonical pathways involved in metabolism and growth, motility, biofilm formation, β-lactam resistance and in the modulation of type III and VI secretion system which were supported by real time quantitative PCR measurements. These results may provide solid information to suggest that FOS selectively modulates the P. aeruginosa PAO1 pathogenecity through distinct signaling pathways.
2020-01-17 | GSE124468 | GEO
Project description:Maternal Probiotic Supplementation Effects on the Placenta-Brain Axis
| PRJNA1335127 | ENA
Project description:The gut microbiome (GMB) plays an important role in developmental processes and has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. However, the relationship between GMB and schizophrenia remains unclear. In this article, we review the existing evidence surrounding the gut microbiome in schizophrenia and the potential for antipsychotics to cause adverse metabolic events by altering the gut microbiome. We also evaluate the current evidence for the clinical use of probiotic and prebiotic treatment in schizophrenia. The current data on microbiome alteration in schizophrenia remain conflicting. Longitudinal and larger studies will help elucidate the confounding effect on the microbiome. Current studies help lay the groundwork for further investigations into the role of the GMB in the development, presentation, progression and potential treatment of schizophrenia.
| S-EPMC8065775 | biostudies-literature