Project description:Spatial transcriptomics links gene expression with tissue morphology, however, current tools often prioritize genomic analysis, lacking integrated image interpretation. To address this, we present Thor, a comprehensive platform for cell-level analysis of spatial transcriptomics and histological images. Thor employs an anti-shrinking Markov diffusion method to infer single-cell spatial transcriptome from spot-level data, effectively combining gene expression and cell morphology. The platform includes 10 modular tools for genomic and image-based analysis, and is paired with Mjolnir, a web-based interface for interactive exploration of gigapixel images. Thor is validated on simulated data and multiple spatial platforms (ISH, MERFISH, Xenium, Stereo-seq). Thor identifies regenerative signatures in heart failure, unbiasedly screens breast cancer hallmarks, resolves fine layers in mouse olfactory bulb, and annotates fibrotic heart tissue. In high-resolution Visium HD data, it enhances spatial gene patterns aligned with histology. By bridging transcriptomic and histological analysis, Thor enables holistic tissue interpretation in spatial biology.
Project description:Spatial transcriptomics links gene expression with tissue morphology, however, current tools often prioritize genomic analysis, lacking integrated image interpretation. To address this, we present Thor, a comprehensive platform for cell-level analysis of spatial transcriptomics and histological images. Thor employs an anti-shrinking Markov diffusion method to infer single-cell spatial transcriptome from spot-level data, effectively combining gene expression and cell morphology. The platform includes 10 modular tools for genomic and image-based analysis, and is paired with Mjolnir, a web-based interface for interactive exploration of gigapixel images. Thor is validated on simulated data and multiple spatial platforms (ISH, MERFISH, Xenium, Stereo-seq). Thor identifies regenerative signatures in heart failure, unbiasedly screens breast cancer hallmarks, resolves fine layers in mouse olfactory bulb, and annotates fibrotic heart tissue. In high-resolution Visium HD data, it enhances spatial gene patterns aligned with histology. By bridging transcriptomic and histological analysis, Thor enables holistic tissue interpretation in spatial biology.
Project description:We report the application of low input high-throughput profiling of histone modifications in mouse oocytes. Using antibodies against H3K4me3 (100 oocytes/replicate; 2 biological replicates per genotype) and H3K9me3 ( around 300 oocytes/replicate; 2 biological replicates per genotype), we find that they are mutually exclusive in oocytes and this property is lost in oocytes lacking Kdm4a. H3K9me3 is spread into regions of H3K4me3 postive open chromatin which is surprisingly, well preserved leading to a potential bivalency of scale. Altogether, KDM4A is important to keep H3K4me3 marked open chromatin clear of H3K9me3 spreading in oocytes.
Project description:Glacier ice algae of the streptophyte genus Ancylonema live on glaciers globally, including the Greenland Ice Sheet. Each summer these algae bloom despite freezing temperatures, low nutrient availability, and very high light intensities. These algae also survive continual darkness during polar night. However, little is known about the cellular mechanisms underpinning glacier ice algae resistance and adaptation to high light or how they survive during dark periods. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated the response of Ancylonema-dominated samples from the Greenland Ice Sheet to light and dark conditions over a 12-day incubation experiment using combined multi-omics analyses: amplicon sequencing, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics.
Project description:We took saliva samples from 89 people with oesophageal cancer (plus 9 with high grade dysplasia, also labelled here as cancer) and 167 controls. We took replicate samples on 6 cancer samples and 4 controls to assess reproducibility. The cancer groups comprise people with invasive adenocarcinoma (61 and also 6 replicates), 28 people with intramucosal adenocarcinoma, 9 people with high-grade dysplasia arising in Barrett's esophagus, 52 patients with non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus, 42 people with no positive diagnosis after endoscopy (ie no Barrett's, + 1 replicate), and 73 self-reported healthy volunteers (with 3 duplicates)