Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE29724: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of iNPCs induced by 6 or 5 TFs GSE29726: The overexpression of Pax6 affects mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) pathway during iPS induction in NPC. GSE29728: Overexpression of each of the 6 interfering TFs and 5 non-interfering TFs GSE29729: Selection of NPC specific Transcription factors GSE29730: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of iHPCs induced by 9 or 10 TFs Refer to individual Series
Project description:We performed a microarray analysis to compare N31EGFP and N31Pax6 transcriptional profiles 24 h after iPS induction. Among 603 genes whose levels changed greater than two-fold (295 lower, 308 higher), we noticed a 10-fold decrease in the Cdh1 signal in N31Pax6, which was confirmed by reverse transcription-mediated quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR). iPS induction is known to require activation of the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) pathway, which involves Cdh1 upregulation. In fact, Twist1 expression, repression of which is required for MET pathway activation was higher in N31Pax6. Dox-inducible iPS-NPC, N31, was established from the primary iPSC induced from NSEB5-2C by introducing dox-inducible Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc. EGFP or Pax6 were overexpressed in N31 by transfecting CAG-EGFP-IP or CAG-Pax6-IP by Tol2 transposon. Gene expression was measured at 24 hours after exposure to doxycycline, when apparent morphological change was observed only in N31EGFP.
Project description:We performed a microarray analysis to compare N31EGFP and N31Pax6 transcriptional profiles 24 h after iPS induction. Among 603 genes whose levels changed greater than two-fold (295 lower, 308 higher), we noticed a 10-fold decrease in the Cdh1 signal in N31Pax6, which was confirmed by reverse transcription-mediated quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR). iPS induction is known to require activation of the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) pathway, which involves Cdh1 upregulation. In fact, Twist1 expression, repression of which is required for MET pathway activation was higher in N31Pax6.
Project description:Background: Nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo a stepwise process to generate all mature nephron structures. Mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) is considered a multi-step process of NPC differentiation to ensure progressive establishment of new nephrons. However, despite this important role, to date, no marker for NPCs undergoing MET in the nephron exists. Results: Here, we identify LGR6 as a NPC marker, expressed in very early cap mesenchyme, pre-tubular aggregates, renal vesicles and in segments of S-shaped bodies, following the trajectory of MET. By using a lineage tracing approach in embryonic explants in combination with confocal imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing, we provide evidence for the multiple fates of LGR6+ cells during embryonic nephrogenesis. Moreover, by using long-term in vivo lineage tracing, we show that postnatal LGR6+ cells are capable of generating the multiple lineages of the nephrons. Conclusion: Given the profound early mesenchymal expression and MET signature of LGR6+ cells, together with the lineage tracing of mesenchymal LGR6+ cells, we conclude that LGR6+ cells contribute to all nephrogenic segments by undergoing MET. LGR6+ cells can therefore be considered an early committed NPC population during embryonic and postnatal nephrogenesis with potential regenerative capability.
Project description:Human neuroepithelial cells are the earliest neural progenitor cells (NPC) during brain development. The cell cycle is fundamental for cell proliferation and differentiation. How the cell cycle is linked to the differentiation process from embryonic stem cells (ESC) in blastocytes to neuroepithelial cells, however, is still unclear. In this study, using an in vitro ESC-to-NPC differentiation system and PAX6 as an NPC cell fate indicator, we discovered that the neural cell fate was transited, PAX6 expression exhibiting an incremental rise, during the G2 phase. For the mechanism, the loss of -401 bp to -450 bp from the transcription start site (TSS) of PAX6 efficiently blocked the cell cycle-dependent expression of PAX6. In addition, we found that using hydroxyurea to arrest the cell cycle of differentiating NPC could prevent NPC differentiation. Overall, this study reported the first scenario to link cell cycle and cell fate transition during early neurogenesis.
Project description:Human neuroepithelial cells are the earliest neural progenitor cells (NPC) during brain development. The cell cycle is fundamental for cell proliferation and differentiation. How the cell cycle is linked to the differentiation process from embryonic stem cells (ESC) in blastocytes to neuroepithelial cells, however, is still unclear. In this study, using an in vitro ESC-to-NPC differentiation system and PAX6 as an NPC cell fate indicator, we discovered that the neural cell fate was transited, PAX6 expression exhibiting an incremental rise, during the G2 phase. For the mechanism, the loss of -401 bp to -450 bp from the transcription start site (TSS) of PAX6 efficiently blocked the cell cycle-dependent expression of PAX6. In addition, we found that using hydroxyurea to arrest the cell cycle of differentiating NPC could prevent NPC differentiation. Overall, this study reported the first scenario to link cell cycle and cell fate transition during early neurogenesis.
Project description:Human neuroepithelial cells are the earliest neural progenitor cells (NPC) during brain development. The cell cycle is fundamental for cell proliferation and differentiation. How the cell cycle is linked to the differentiation process from embryonic stem cells (ESC) in blastocytes to neuroepithelial cells, however, is still unclear. In this study, using an in vitro ESC-to-NPC differentiation system and PAX6 as an NPC cell fate indicator, we discovered that the neural cell fate was transited, PAX6 expression exhibiting an incremental rise, during the G2 phase. For the mechanism, the loss of -401 bp to -450 bp from the transcription start site (TSS) of PAX6 efficiently blocked the cell cycle-dependent expression of PAX6. In addition, we found that using hydroxyurea to arrest the cell cycle of differentiating NPC could prevent NPC differentiation. Overall, this study reported the first scenario to link cell cycle and cell fate transition during early neurogenesis.
Project description:Human neuroepithelial cells are the earliest neural progenitor cells (NPC) during brain development. The cell cycle is fundamental for cell proliferation and differentiation. How the cell cycle is linked to the differentiation process from embryonic stem cells (ESC) in blastocytes to neuroepithelial cells, however, is still unclear. In this study, using an in vitro ESC-to-NPC differentiation system and PAX6 as an NPC cell fate indicator, we discovered that the neural cell fate was transited, PAX6 expression exhibiting an incremental rise, during the G2 phase. For the mechanism, the loss of -401 bp to -450 bp from the transcription start site (TSS) of PAX6 efficiently blocked the cell cycle-dependent expression of PAX6. In addition, we found that using hydroxyurea to arrest the cell cycle of differentiating NPC could prevent NPC differentiation. Overall, this study reported the first scenario to link cell cycle and cell fate transition during early neurogenesis.
Project description:Human neuroepithelial cells are the earliest neural progenitor cells (NPC) during brain development. The cell cycle is fundamental for cell proliferation and differentiation. How the cell cycle is linked to the differentiation process from embryonic stem cells (ESC) in blastocytes to neuroepithelial cells, however, is still unclear. In this study, using an in vitro ESC-to-NPC differentiation system and PAX6 as an NPC cell fate indicator, we discovered that the neural cell fate was transited, PAX6 expression exhibiting an incremental rise, during the G2 phase. For the mechanism, the loss of -401 bp to -450 bp from the transcription start site (TSS) of PAX6 efficiently blocked the cell cycle-dependent expression of PAX6. In addition, we found that using hydroxyurea to arrest the cell cycle of differentiating NPC could prevent NPC differentiation. Overall, this study reported the first scenario to link cell cycle and cell fate transition during early neurogenesis.
Project description:This paper shows, for the first time, a novel function of the OVO-like proteins (OVOL1and OVOL2) as critical inducers of mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) in human cancer. Examination of the effects of OVOL1 and OVOL2 overexpression in a prostate cancer model.