Homo sapiens
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: E-GEOD-36933
PROVIDER: PRJNA157119 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Gene expression profile of monocyte-derived macrophages treated with the apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide 4F
2025-01-24 | E-GEOD-36933 | ExpressionAtlas
Project description:The apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide 4F displays prominent anti-inflammatory properties, including the ability to reduce vascular macrophage content. Macrophages are a heterogenous group of cells, represented by two principal phenotypes, the classically activated M1 macrophage and an alternatively activated M2 phenotype. We recently reported that 4F favors the differentiation of human monocytes to an anti-inflammatory phenotype similar to that displayed by M2 macrophages. In the current study, microarray analysis of gene expression in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) was carried out to identify inflammatory pathways modulated by 4F treatment. ApoA-I treatment of MDMs served as a control. Transcriptional profiling revealed that 4F and apoA-I modulated expression of 113 and 135 genes that regulate inflammatory responses, respectively. Cluster heat maps revealed that 4F and apoA-I induced similar changes in expression for 69 common genes. Modulation of other gene products, including STAT1 and PPARG, were unique for 4F treatment. Besides modulating inflammatory responses, 4F was found to alter gene expression in cell-to-cell signaling, cell growth/proliferation, lipid metabolism and cardiovascular system development. These data suggest that the protective effects of 4F in a number of disease states may be due to underlying changes in monocyte/macrophage gene expression. 16 samples analyzed (four 4F+LPS, four 4F, four Controls+LPS, four Controls).
2012-09-30 | E-GEOD-36933 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia worldwide with limited effective treatments. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is one of the key pathological hallmarks of AD characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the cerebral vasculature and is associated with intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebrovascular dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. CAA is also considered to underlie the main adverse effect of anti-Aβ immunotherapies, the amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). Substantial evidence from clinical and animal studies has shown that elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and its main protein component, apolipoprotein (APO) A-I, are associated with reduced CAA and superior cognitive function. 4F is an APOA-I/HDL-mimetic peptide that has advanced into clinical trials for cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate whether treatment with the HDL mimetic peptide 4F modulates CAA and associated cognitive deficits and neuropathologies in the well-established transgenic Tg-SwDI mouse model of CAA/AD. Age- and sex-matched Tg-SwDI mice received daily treatments of 4F or vehicle (PBS), respectively, by intraperitoneal injections for 12 weeks. The results showed that the 4F treatment reduced CAA as well as overall Aβ plaque deposition, and attenuated microgliosis associated with CAA. Unbiased brain transcriptomic analysis revealed a heightened inflammatory state in the brain of SwDI mice, and that 4F treatment reversed the overactivation of vascular cells, in particular vascular smooth muscle cells, relieving cerebrovascular inflammation in CAA/AD mice. Our study provides experimental evidence for the therapeutic potential of 4F to mitigate CAA and its associated pathogenic processes in AD, including ARIA.
2025-03-24 | GSE271286 | GEO
Project description:The apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide 4F displays prominent anti-inflammatory properties, including the ability to reduce vascular macrophage content. Macrophages are a heterogenous group of cells, represented by two principal phenotypes, the classically activated M1 macrophage and an alternatively activated M2 phenotype. We recently reported that 4F favors the differentiation of human monocytes to an anti-inflammatory phenotype similar to that displayed by M2 macrophages. In the current study, microarray analysis of gene expression in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) was carried out to identify inflammatory pathways modulated by 4F treatment. ApoA-I treatment of MDMs served as a control. Transcriptional profiling revealed that 4F and apoA-I modulated expression of 113 and 135 genes that regulate inflammatory responses, respectively. Cluster heat maps revealed that 4F and apoA-I induced similar changes in expression for 69 common genes. Modulation of other gene products, including STAT1 and PPARG, were unique for 4F treatment. Besides modulating inflammatory responses, 4F was found to alter gene expression in cell-to-cell signaling, cell growth/proliferation, lipid metabolism and cardiovascular system development. These data suggest that the protective effects of 4F in a number of disease states may be due to underlying changes in monocyte/macrophage gene expression.
2012-09-30 | GSE36933 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression study reveals compromised Pattern Recognition Receptors and Interferon Signaling in fullterm Low birth Weight newborns
| PRJNA140919 | ENA
Project description:Kynureninase is a member of a large family of catalytically diverse but structurally homologous pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzymes known as the aspartate aminotransferase superfamily or alpha-family. The Homo sapiens and other eukaryotic constitutive kynureninases preferentially catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine to produce 3-hydroxyanthranilate and l-alanine, while l-kynurenine is the substrate of many prokaryotic inducible kynureninases. The human enzyme was cloned with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag, expressed, and purified from a bacterial expression system using Ni metal ion affinity chromatography. Kinetic characterization of the recombinant enzyme reveals classic Michaelis-Menten behavior, with a Km of 28.3 +/- 1.9 microM and a specific activity of 1.75 micromol min-1 mg-1 for 3-hydroxy-dl-kynurenine. Crystals of recombinant kynureninase that diffracted to 2.0 A were obtained, and the atomic structure of the PLP-bound holoenzyme was determined by molecular replacement using the Pseudomonas fluorescens kynureninase structure (PDB entry 1qz9) as the phasing model. A structural superposition with the P. fluorescens kynureninase revealed that these two structures resemble the "open" and "closed" conformations of aspartate aminotransferase. The comparison illustrates the dynamic nature of these proteins' small domains and reveals a role for Arg-434 similar to its role in other AAT alpha-family members. Docking of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine into the human kynureninase active site suggests that Asn-333 and His-102 are involved in substrate binding and molecular discrimination between inducible and constitutive kynureninase substrates.
| S-EPMC2531291 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNA extracted at 240min. Samples are rRNA depleted. Expression measurement of Homo sapiens genes.
2019-07-31 | GSE114179 | GEO
Project description:As the evolution of miRNA genes has been found to be one of the important factors in formation of the modern type of man, we performed a comparative analysis of the evolution of miRNA genes in two archaic hominines, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova, and elucidated the expression of their target mRNAs in bain.A comparative analysis of the genomes of primates, including species in the genus Homo, identified a group of miRNA genes having fixed substitutions with important implications for the evolution of Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova. The mRNAs targeted by miRNAs with mutations specific for Homo sapiens denisova exhibited enhanced expression during postnatal brain development in modern humans. By contrast, the expression of mRNAs targeted by miRNAs bearing variations specific for Homo sapiens neanderthalensis was shown to be enhanced in prenatal brain development.Our results highlight the importance of changes in miRNA gene sequences in the course of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis evolution. The genetic alterations of miRNAs regulating the spatiotemporal expression of multiple genes in the prenatal and postnatal brain may contribute to the progressive evolution of brain function, which is consistent with the observations of fine technical and typological properties of tools and decorative items reported from archaeological Denisovan sites. The data also suggest that differential spatial-temporal regulation of gene products promoted by the subspecies-specific mutations in the miRNA genes might have occurred in the brains of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, potentially contributing to the cultural differences between these two archaic hominines.
| S-EPMC4686780 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWe investigated the evidence of recent positive selection in the human phototransduction system at single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and gene level.MethodsSNP genotyping data from the International HapMap Project for European, Eastern Asian, and African populations was used to discover differences in haplotype length and allele frequency between these populations. Numeric selection metrics were computed for each SNP and aggregated into gene-level metrics to measure evidence of recent positive selection. The level of recent positive selection in phototransduction genes was evaluated and compared to a set of genes shown previously to be under recent selection, and a set of highly conserved genes as positive and negative controls, respectively.ResultsSix of 20 phototransduction genes evaluated had gene-level selection metrics above the 90th percentile: RGS9, GNB1, RHO, PDE6G, GNAT1, and SLC24A1. The selection signal across these genes was found to be of similar magnitude to the positive control genes and much greater than the negative control genes.ConclusionsThere is evidence for selective pressure in the genes involved in retinal phototransduction, and traces of this selective pressure can be demonstrated using SNP-level and gene-level metrics of allelic variation. We hypothesize that the selective pressure on these genes was related to their role in low light vision and retinal adaptation to ambient light changes. Uncovering the underlying genetics of evolutionary adaptations in phototransduction not only allows greater understanding of vision and visual diseases, but also the development of patient-specific diagnostic and intervention strategies.
| S-EPMC3743458 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cortical thickness has been investigated since the beginning of the 20th century, but we do not know how similar the cortical thickness profiles among humans are. In this study, the local similarity of cortical thickness profiles was investigated using sliding window methods. Here, we show that approximately 5% of the cortical thickness profiles are similarly expressed among humans while 45% of the cortical thickness profiles show a high level of heterogeneity. Therefore, heterogeneity is the rule, not the exception. Cortical thickness profiles of somatosensory homunculi and the anterior insula are consistent among humans, while the cortical thickness profiles of the motor homunculus are more variable. Cortical thickness profiles of homunculi that code for muscle position and skin stimulation are highly similar among humans despite large differences in sex, education, and age. This finding suggests that the structure of these cortices remains well preserved over a lifetime. Our observations possibly relativize opinions on cortical plasticity.
| S-EPMC5738339 | biostudies-literature