The histone methyltransferase MLL3 regulates genome-scale circadian transcription
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA159735 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR488743_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR488743_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR488744_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR488744_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR488745_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Daily cyclical expression of thousands of genes in tissues such as the liver is orchestrated by the molecular circadian clock, the disruption of which is implicated in metabolic disorders and cancer. Although we understand much about the circadian transcription factors that can switch gene expression on and off, it is still unclear how global changes in rhythmic transcription are controlled at the genomic level. Here, we demonstrate circadian modification of an activating histone mark at a significant proportion of gene loci that undergo daily transcription, implicating widespread epigenetic modification as a key node regulated by the clockwork. Furthermore, we identify the histone-remodelling enzyme mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)3 as a clock-controlled factor that is able to directly and indirectly modulate over a hundred epigenetically targeted circadian "output" genes in the liver. Importantly, catalytic inactivation of the histone methyltransferase activity of MLL3 also severely compromises the oscillation of "core" clock gene promoters, including Bmal1, mCry1, mPer2, and Rev-erbα, suggesting that rhythmic histone methylation is vital for robust transcriptional oscillator function. This highlights a pathway by which the clockwork exerts genome-wide control over transcription, which is critical for sustaining temporal programming of tissue physiology.
| S-EPMC3557088 | biostudies-literature
Project description:FOXA1 is a pioneer factor that is important in hormone dependent cancer cells to stabilise nuclear receptors, such as estrogen receptor (ER) to chromatin. FOXA1 binds to enhancers regions that are enriched in H3K4mono- and dimethylation (H3K4me1, H3K4me2) histone marks and evidence suggests that these marks are requisite events for FOXA1 to associate with enhancers to initate subsequent gene expression events. However, exogenous expression of FOXA1 has been shown to induce H3K4me1 and H3K4me2 signal at enhancer elements and the order of events and the functional importance of these events is not clear. We performed a FOXA1 Rapid Immunoprecipitation Mass Spectrometry of Endogenous Proteins (RIME) screen in ERα-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells in order to identify FOXA1 interacting partners and we found histone-lysine N-methyltransferase (MLL3) as the top FOXA1 interacting protein. MLL3 is typically thought to induce H3K4me3 at promoter regions, but recent findings suggest it may contribute to H3K4me1 deposition, in line with our observation that MLL3 associates with an enhancer specific protein. We performed MLL3 ChIP-seq in breast cancer cells and unexpectedly found that MLL3 binds mostly at non-promoter regions enhancers, in contrast to the prevailing hypothesis. MLL3 was shown to occupy regions marked by FOXA1 occupancy and as expected, H3K4me1 and H3K4me2. MLL3 binding was dependent on FOXA1, indicating that FOXA1 recruits MLL3 to chromatin. Motif analysis and subsequent genomic mapping revealed a role for Grainy head like protein-2 (GRHL2) which was shown to co-occupy regions of the chromatin with MLL3. Regions occupied by all three factors, namely FOXA1, MLL3 and GRHL2, were most enriched in H3K4me1. MLL3 silencing decreased H3K4me1 at enhancer elements, but had no appreciable impact on H3K4me3 at enhancer elements. We identify a complex relationship between FOXA1, MLL3 and H3K4me1 at enhancers in breast cancer and propose a mechanism whereby the pioneer factor FOXA1 can interact with a chromatin modifier MLL3, recruiting it to chromatin to facilitate the deposition of H3K4me1 histone marks, subsequently demarcating active enhancer elements.
2016-12-12 | PXD005253 | Pride
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2013-01-01 | E-GEOD-37396 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The circadian clock controls the physiological function of tissues through the regulation of thousands of genes in a cell-type-specific manner. The core cellular circadian clock is a transcription-translation negative feedback loop, which can recruit epigenetic regulators to facilitate temporal control of gene expression. Histone methyltransferase, mixed lineage leukemia gene 3 (MLL3) was reported to be required for the maintenance of circadian oscillations in cultured cells. Here, we test the role of MLL3 in circadian organization in whole animals. Using mice expressing catalytically inactive MLL3, we show that MLL3 methyltransferase activity is in fact not required for circadian oscillations in vitro in a range of tissues, nor for the maintenance of circadian behavioral rhythms in vivo. In contrast to a previous report, loss of MLL3-dependent methylation did not affect the global levels of H3K4 methylation in liver, indicating substantial compensation from other methyltransferases. Furthermore, we found little evidence of genomic repositioning of H3K4me3 marks. We did, however, observe repositioning of H3K4me1 from intronic regions to intergenic regions and gene promoters; however, there were no changes in H3K4me1 mark abundance around core circadian clock genes. Output functions of the circadian clock, such as control of inflammation, were largely intact in MLL3-methyltransferase-deficient mice, although some gene-specific changes were observed, with sexually dimorphic loss of circadian regulation of specific cytokines. Taken together, these observations indicate that MLL3-directed histone methylation is not essential for core circadian clock function; however, it may influence the inflammatory response.
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2013-01-01 | GSE37396 | GEO
Project description:Translocation-linked Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) genes were discovered ~ 30 years ago and are homologs of Trithorax in Drosophila. MLL3 is a histone methyltransferase catalyzing the monomethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me1), a hallmark for gene enhancers. Although recurrent mutations of MLL3 are reported across a broad spectrum of cancers and MLL3 represents one of the most commonly mutated cancer genes, a pan-cancer-wide portrait of this high-frequency mutational event is still lacking. We report here a comprehensive analysis of MLL3 mutation and its association with molecular, cellular, and clinical features in 33 cancer types. The genetic alterations of MLL3 are primarily driven by point mutations or small INDELs rather than large-scale chromosomal perturbations and exhibit lineage-specific variations, which spontaneously yet heterogeneously impinge on the clinical behaviors of cancers and are intrinsically linked to hot tumor microenvironments, especially in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), where MLL3 aberrances surprisingly predict better overall survivals and favorable responses to immunochemotherapy. Concurrent mutation of MLL3 and POLE in UCEC is associated with high immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expression, endowing the applicability of immune checkpoint inhibitors in these patients. Mouse models with Mll3-ablated colon cancer validate the immunostimulatory trait of Mll3 aberration. Our study provides a pan-cancer spectrum of the MLL3 mutational event and will contribute to the understanding of the genetic evolution and disease management of cancers, especially COAD and UCEC.
2025-09-07 | GSE307073 | GEO
Project description:We performed MLL3 ChIP-seq in breast cancer cells and unexpectedly found that MLL3 binds mostly at non-promoter regions enhancers, in contrast to the prevailing hypothesis. MLL3 was shown to occupy regions marked by FOXA1 occupancy and as expected, H3K4me1 and H3K4me2. MLL3 binding was dependent on FOXA1, indicating that FOXA1 recruits MLL3 to chromatin. Motif analysis and subsequent genomic mapping revealed a role for Grainy head like protein-2 (GRHL2) which was shown to co-occupy regions of the chromatin with MLL3. Regions occupied by all three factors, namely FOXA1, MLL3 and GRHL2, were most enriched in H3K4me1. MLL3 silencing decreased H3K4me1 at enhancer elements, but had no appreciable impact on H3K4me3 at enhancer elements. We identify a complex relationship between FOXA1, MLL3 and H3K4me1 at enhancers in breast cancer and propose a mechanism whereby the pioneer factor FOXA1 can interact with a chromatin modifier MLL3, recruiting it to chromatin to facilitate the deposition of H3K4me1 histone marks, subsequently demarcating active enhancer elements.
2016-12-06 | GSE81714 | GEO
Project description:H3K4me1 methyltransferases MLL3 (KMT2C) and MLL4 (KMT2D) are critical for enhancer activation, cell differentiation and development. However, roles of MLL3/4 enzymatic activities and MLL3/4-mediated enhancer H3K4me1 in these processes remain unclear. Here, we report that constitutive elimination of both MLL3 and MLL4 enzymatic activities prevents initiation of gastrulation and leads to early embryonic lethality in mice. However, selective elimination of MLL3/4 enzymatic activities in embryonic, but not extraembryonic, lineages leaves gastrulation largely intact. Consistently, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) lacking MLL3/4 enzymatic activities can differentiate towards the three embryonic germ layers but show aberrant differentiation to extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm. The failure in extraembryonic endoderm differentiation can be attributed to markedly reduced enhancer-binding of the lineage-determining transcription factor GATA6. Furthermore, we show that MLL3/4-catalyzed H3K4me1 is largely dispensable for enhancer activation during ESC differentiation. Together, our findings suggest a lineage-selective, but enhancer activation-independent, role of MLL3/4 methyltransferase activities in early embryonic development and ESC differentiation.
2023-01-25 | GSE154475 | GEO
Project description:Enhancers play a key role in regulating cell type-specific gene expression and are marked by histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation. Mono-methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me1) initially primes enhancers, preceding enhancer activation via acetylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27ac). MLL4 is a major enhancer H3K4 mono-methyltransferase with partial functional redundancy with MLL3. However, how H3K4me1 affects enhancer regulation in cell differentiation has remained unclear. By screening several lysine-to-methionine mutants of H3.3, we first found that depletion of H3K4 methylation by H3.3K4M mutation severely impairs adipogenesis in culture. Using tissue-specific expression of H3.3K4M in mice, we further demonstrate that H3.3K4M inhibits adipose tissue and muscle development in vivo. Mechanistically, H3.3K4M destabilizes MLL3/4 proteins but not other members of the mammalian Set1-like H3K4 methyltransferase family and prevents MLL3/4-mediated enhancer activation in adipogenesis. Using tissue-specific deletion of the enzymatic SET domain of MLL3/4 in mice, we also show that deletion of the SET domain prevents adipose tissue and muscle development in vivo and inhibits adipogenesis by destabilizing MLL3/4 in vitro. Notably, H3.3K4M expression mimics MLL3/4 SET domain deletion in preventing adipogenesis. Interestingly, H3.3K4M does not affect adipose tissue maintenance and function, suggesting that MLL3/4-mediated H3K4 methylation is dispensable for the maintenance and function of differentiated adipocytes. Together, our findings suggest that H3.3K4M targets MLL3/4 to prevent enhancer activation in adipogenesis.
2018-10-25 | GSE110972 | GEO
Project description:An imbalance in the activities of the Polycomb and Trithorax complexes underlies numerous human pathologies, including cancer. The BAP1 deubiquitinase (DUB) complex negatively regulates Polycomb activity and also recruits the Trithorax histone H3K4 methyltransferase, MLL3/COMPASS, to the enhancers of tumor suppressor genes. We and others have demonstrated that the BAP1-MLL3 pathway is mutated in several differ cancers. Yet, how BAP1 recruits MLL3 to these loci remains a fundamentally important unanswered question. Here we demonstrate that ASXL2 directly mediates the interaction between the BAP1 complex and MLL3/COMPASS. ASXL2 loss abolishes the MLL3-BAP1 interaction, leading to decreased MLL3 occupancy at enhancers and reduced expression of BAP1-MLL3 target genes. The interaction between ASXL2 and MLL3 is negatively regulated by protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4, also known as CARM1), which methylates ASXL2 on R639/R641. Methylation of ASXL2 by CARM1 blocks binding to MLL3 binding and impairs the expression of MLL3 dependent genes. This finding uncovers a novel transcription repression function for CARM1 and provides a unique insight into the BAP1/ASXL2/MLL3 axis, which is controlled by arginine methylation and could serve as a target for potential cancer therapeutics.
2022-08-12 | GSE182625 | GEO