Project description:Study investigates the biological role of small RNAs present in aqueous humor in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, and cataract, with the aim of identifying molecular biomarkers and improving understanding of disease mechanisms. Aqueous humor samples were collected during ophthalmic surgery, followed by RNA extraction from the cell-free supernatant using a commercial kit designed for low-input RNA. Small RNA sequencing libraries were prepared using adapter ligation with Unique Molecular Identifiers, reverse transcription, PCR amplification, and magnetic bead purification, and library quality was assessed using a microfluidics-based system. The pooled libraries were sequenced using paired-end sequencing on an Illumina NextSeq platform, and the resulting FASTQ files were used for downstream bioinformatic and machine learning analyses integrating molecular, clinical, and imaging data.
Project description:Detecting differential genes between glaucoma model rats and normal group rats, studying gene pathways that may cause glaucoma visual impairment, and providing possible research directions for further prevention and treatment
Project description:To better understand the molecular changes in the aqueous humor (AH) content with glaucoma, we analyzed the microRNA (miRNA) profiles of AH samples from patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Exfoliation Glaucoma (XFG) compared to non-glaucoma controls.
Project description:Background: Whole exome sequencing (WES) has been proven to serve as a valuable basis for various applications such as variant calling and copy number variation (CNV) analyses. For those analyses the read coverage should be optimally balanced throughout protein coding regions at sufficient read depth. Unfortunately, WES is known for its uneven coverage within coding regions due to GC-rich regions or off-target enrichment. Results: In order to examine the irregularities of WES within genes, we applied Agilent SureSelectXT exome capture on human samples and sequenced these via Illumina in 2x101 paired-end mode. As we suspected the sequenced insert length to be crucial in the uneven coverage of exome captured samples, we sheared 12 genomic DNA samples to two different DNA insert size lengths, namely 130 and 170 bp. Interestingly, although mean coverages of target regions were clearly higher in samples of 130 bp insert length, the level of evenness was more pronounced in 170 bp samples. Moreover, merging overlapping paired-end reads revealed a positive effect on evenness indicating overlapping reads as another reason for the unevenness. In addition, mutation analysis on a subset of the samples was performed. In these isogenic subclones almost twofold mutations were failed in the 130 bp samples when compared to the 170 bp samples. Visual inspection of the discarded mutation sites exposed low coverages at the sites embedded in high amplitudes of coverage depth in the affected region. Conclusions: Producing longer insert reads could be a good strategy to achieve better uniform read coverage in coding regions and hereby enhancing the effective sequencing yield to provide an improved basis for further variant calling and CNV analyses.
Project description:Whole exome sequencing of a cell line derived from an Rb1 and Trp53 genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) to assess the baseline copy number landscape of the cells prior to experimental modification.
Project description:Current methods for detection of copy number aberrations (CNA) from whole-exome sequencing (WES) data are based on the read counts of the captured exons only. However, accurate CNA determination is complicated by the non-uniform read depth and uneven distribution of exons. Therefore, we developed ENCODER (ENhanced COpy number Detection from Exome Reads), which eludes these problems. By exploiting the ‘off-target’ sequence reads, it allows for creation of robust copy number profiles from WES. The accuracy of ENCODER compares to approaches specifically designed for copy number detection, and outperforms current exon-based WES methods, particularly in samples of low quality. Current methods for detection of copy number aberrations (CNA) from whole-exome sequencing (WES) data are based on the read counts of the captured exons only. However, accurate CNA determination is complicated by the non-uniform read depth and uneven distribution of exons. Therefore, we developed ENCODER (ENhanced COpy number Detection from Exome Reads), which eludes these problems. By exploiting the ‘off-target’ sequence reads, it allows for creation of robust copy number profiles from WES. The accuracy of ENCODER compares to approaches specifically designed for copy number detection, and outperforms current exon-based WES methods, particularly in samples of low quality. Current methods for detection of copy number aberrations (CNA) from whole-exome sequencing (WES) data are based on the read counts of the captured exons only. However, accurate CNA determination is complicated by the non-uniform read depth and uneven distribution of exons. Therefore, we developed ENCODER (ENhanced COpy number Detection from Exome Reads), which eludes these problems. By exploiting the ‘off-target’ sequence reads, it allows for creation of robust copy number profiles from WES. The accuracy of ENCODER compares to approaches specifically designed for copy number detection, and outperforms current exon-based WES methods, particularly in samples of low quality. DNA copy number profiles generated with a new tool, ENCODER, were compared to DNA copy number profiles from SNP6, NimbleGen and low-coverage Whole Genome Sequencing.