Project description:Yeast is a widely used model organism in biological and proteomics research. Conventional bottom-up proteomic analysis of yeast cells requires disruption of the rigid cell wall to extract proteins, which is often associated with lengthy procedures, significant technical variations and noticeable sample loss. Here, we present an “in-cell proteomics” approach that eliminates cell lysis and digests proteins directly in the yeast cells after a rapid methanol fixation. The approach integrates all the sample processing into a single filter device, offering a simple yet highly effective and sensitive approach for yeast proteomics analysis. We applied this approach to characterize proteome dynamics in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during cell cycle progression and following DNA damage. With single-shot LC-MS, we were able to detect and quantify around 3,500 yeast proteins from the in-cell digests. Our study presents a quantitative proteome map of yeast cell-cycle progression with high temporal resolution for cell division cycle (Cdc) proteins and introduces a novel in-cell proteomics approach for yeast. It also provides a comprehensive, time-resolved view of proteome-wide dynamics and remodeling throughout the yeast cell cycle and in response to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced DNA damage.
Project description:Second fermentation in a bottle supposes such specific conditions that undergo yeasts to a set of stress situations like high ethanol, low nitrogen, low pH or sub-optimal temperature. Also, yeast have to grow until 1 or 2 generations and ferment all sugar available while they resist increasing CO2 pressure produced along with fermentation. Because of this, yeast for second fermentation must be selected depending on different technological criteria such as resistance to ethanol, pressure, high flocculation capacity, and good autolytic and foaming properties. All of these stress factors appear sequentially or simultaneously, and their superposition could amplify their inhibitory effects over yeast growth. Considering all of the above, it has supposed interesting to characterize the adaptive response of commercial yeast strain EC1118 during second-fermentation experiments under oenological/industrial conditions by transcriptomic profiling. We have pointed ethanol as the most relevant environmental condition in the induction of genes involved in respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress, autophagy, vacuolar and peroxisomal function, after comparison between time-course transcriptomic analysis in alcoholic fermentation and transcriptomic profiling in second fermentation. Other examples of parallelism include overexpression of cellular homeostasis and sugar metabolism genes. Finally, this study brings out the role of low-temperature on yeast physiology during second-fermentation.