Giraffa camelopardalis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA261259 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:T2T-mGirTip1v1.2 primary assembly (Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi)
| PRJNA1327387 | ENA
Project description:T2T-mGirTip1v1.2 alternate assembly (Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi)
| PRJNA1327391 | ENA
Project description:T2T-mGirTip1v1.2 maternal assembly (Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi)
| PRJNA1327392 | ENA
Project description:T2T-mGirTip1v1.2 paternal assembly (Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi)
| PRJNA1327393 | ENA
Project description:Giraffa tippelskirchi genome sequencing, assembly and annotation
| PRJNA1322564 | ENA
Project description:Genome sequencing and assembly of giraffe (Giraffa spp.)
| PRJNA635165 | ENA
Project description:The current study was designed to examine the potential role of environmental epigenetics (DNA methylation) in the phenotypic variation between two species of giraffe and a related species okapi (Okapi johnstoni). The Angolan giraffe (Giraffa giraffa angolensis), subspecies of the southern giraffe (G. giraffa), has a longer neck, and is more muscular and larger in size than the Kordofan giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum), subspecies of the northern giraffe (G. camelopardalis). Epigenetic changes generally have orders of magnitude higher frequency compared to genetic mutations and have been shown to regulate physiological traits in all species examined, from insects to humans. Observations obtained identify differences in the DNA methylation between the two giraffe species. The related okapi (Okapi johnstoni) is also epigenetically distinct from the giraffes. A role for environmental epigenetics in the speciation of giraffes is suggested and supporting data presented. Although genetic mutation change will also have a role, it occurs less frequently than epigenetic change. Genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to have significantly lower frequency than epigenetic differences. Conclusions that environmental induced change in epigenetics will have a significant role in the evolution and speciation of these giraffes is consistent to the observations made in other species such as Darwin’s finches. Observations further support the Unified Theory of Evolution and Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, which integrates neo-Lamarckian and neo-Darwinian concepts.
2025-12-09 | GSE312624 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundNumerous factors like continuous habitat reduction or fragmentation for free-ranging giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) as well as e.g. suboptimal housing conditions for animals in captivity might lead to behavioural alterations as part of the overall adaptation process to the changing living conditions. In order to facilitate current and future studies on giraffe behaviour, a comprehensive ethogram was compiled based on existing literature, as well as observations on giraffes in the wild (Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe; Entabeni Game Reserve, South Africa), and in captivity (National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, Pretoria).FindingsThe resulting ethogram lists 65 different behavioural patterns, which were described and grouped into seven categories: General activities, Abnormal repetitive behaviours, General interactions, Bull-Cow behaviour, Bull-Bull behaviour, Cow-Bull behaviour, Maternal behaviours, and Interactions by calves. The behaviours were further described regarding a presumed purpose, particularly with respect to social interactions and sexual behaviour. Contradictory descriptions from previous studies were considered and discussed in comparison with our own observations.ConclusionsThis ethogram provides a basis for current and future studies by suggesting a terminology which can be used for harmonizing behavioural observations, thus helping to facilitate comparability of future results. Subsequently, a better understanding of the behavioural ecology of giraffes in the wild as well as in captivity could aid future conservation efforts.
| S-EPMC3599642 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Giraffe (Giraffa spp.) are among the most unique extant mammals in terms of anatomy, phylogeny, and ecology. However, aspects of their evolution, ontogeny, and taxonomy are unresolved, retaining lingering questions that are pivotal for their conservation. We assembled the largest known dataset of Giraffa skulls (n = 515) to investigate patterns of cranial variability using 3D geometric morphometrics. The results show distinct sexual dimorphism and divergent ontogenetic trajectories of skull shape for the north clade (G. camelopardalis antiquorum, G. c. camelopardalis, G. c. peralta, and G. reticulata) and the south clade (G. giraffa angolensis, G. g. giraffa, G. tippelskirchi tippelskirchi, and G. t. thornicrofti) which was further supported statistically. Discriminant functions found statistically significant cranial shape differences between all four Giraffa species, and in some cases also between subspecies of the same species. Our 3D morphometric analysis shows that the four genetically distinct Giraffa spp. also have distinct cranial morphologies, largely addressable to features of display (ossicones). Our results highlight the importance of focusing future giraffe conservation efforts on each taxon to maintain their unique characteristics and biodiversity in the wild.
| S-EPMC11658530 | biostudies-literature