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The evolution of genic piRNA cluster loci expression patterns

ABSTRACT: The evolution of genic piRNA cluster loci expression patterns

PROVIDER: PRJNA264407 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR1617570.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR1617580.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR1617561.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR1617571.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR1617581.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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The evolution of genic piRNA cluster loci expression patterns

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The evolution of genic piRNA cluster loci expression patterns

Project description:This study examines the conservation of Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) clusters that come from protein coding gene transcripts. By sequencing small RNA libraries from gonad tissues of Drosophilids and Glires we discover a diverse set of genic piRNA clusters conserved across animals. This dataset reveals new expression patterns for genic piRNA clusters and examines whether changing piRNA expression patterns correlates with sequence changes in piRNA cluster genomic sequence across a variety of animal species. We dissected gonad tissues consisting of ovaries from wildtype adult Drosophilids (D.melanogaster, D.erecta, D.yakuba, D.virilis) and testes from wildtype pre-pubsecent and adult mouse and rats. Adult testes from rabbits were purchased from Pel-Freez Biologicals. Total or immunopreciptated RNAs were extracted from the pulvirized gonad tissues of Drosophilids and Glires. Small RNAs were purified from these samples, converted into cDNA libraries, and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq2000.

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Paramutation-like behaviour of genic piRNA-producing loci in Drosophila virilis

Project description:Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) play a crucial role in silencing transposable elements (TEs) in the germ cells of Metazoa by acting as sequence-specific guides. Originating from distinct genomic loci, called piRNA clusters, piRNA can trigger an epigenetic conversion of TE insertions into piRNA clusters by means of paramutation-like process. However, the variability in piRNA clusters' capacity to induce such conversion remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated two Drosophila virilis strains with differing capacities to produce piRNAs from the RhoGEF3 and Adar gene loci. We found that active piRNA generation correlates with high levels of the heterochromatic mark H3K9me3 over genomic regions that give rise to piRNAs. Importantly, maternal transmission of piRNAs drives their production in the progeny, even from homologous loci previously inactive in piRNA biogenesis. The subtelomeric RhoGEF3 locus, once epigenetically converted, maintained enhanced piRNA production in subsequent generations lacking the original allele carrying the active piRNA cluster. In contrast, piRNA expression from the converted Adar locus was lost in offspring lacking the inducer allele. Our findings highlight that the paramutation-like behavior of piRNA clusters is influenced not only by piRNAs but also by structural features of chromosomal regions, providing new insights into epigenetic regulation in Drosophila.

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Project description:Paramutation-like behaviour of genic piRNA-producing loci in Drosophila virilis

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Maternal inherited siRNA initiate piRNA cluster formation

Project description:In order to control transposable element (TE) activity, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been evolved to silence TE transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally, and produced from heterochromatic genomic loci, called piRNA cluster. Maternal inherited piRNAs transmission is considered as the key step of piRNA cluster maintenance and induction of de nove piRNA cluster formation, however, how the original piRNAs were produced without maternal piRNAs deposition remains unclear. In this paper, we created a repetitive GFP reporter and found a Rhino-dependent piRNA cluster conversion spontaneously occurs to the reporter over generations. Importantly, this conversion is reversible by removal of maternal piRNAs of GFP reporter. Taking advantage of this reversible GFP reporter piRNA cluster, we found that siRNA is able to initiate piRNA cluster formation epigenetically, even when only maternal siRNA presence is capable to do so. Our results suggest the importance of siRNA on initiation of piRNA biogenesis and describe a whole picture of initiation and maintenance of piRNA cluster.

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