Project description:The impact of high fat diet on secreted milk small RNA transcriptome was studied by isolating total RNA from milk fat fraction collected on lactation day 10 from control diet fed (C; n=5; 10% fat; 7% sucrose; Research Diets #D12450J, Brunswick, NJ) and high fat diet fed (HF; n=4; Research Diets #D12492, 60% of total kcal energy is fat and match 7% of total kcal is sucrose; Brunswick, NJ) mice.
Project description:The impact of high fat diet on secreted milk small RNA transcriptome was studied by isolating total RNA from milk fat fraction collected on lactation day 10 from control diet fed (C; n=5; 10% fat; 7% sucrose; Research Diets #D12450J, Brunswick, NJ) and high fat diet fed (HF; n=4; Research Diets #D12492, 60% of total kcal energy is fat and match 7% of total kcal is sucrose; Brunswick, NJ) mice.
Project description:Insulin resistance drives the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In liver, diacylglycerol (DAG) is a key mediator of lipid-induced insulin resistance. DAG activates protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε), which phosphorylates and inhibits the insulin receptor. In rats, a 3-day high fat diet produces hepatic insulin resistance through this mechanism, and knockdown of hepatic PKCε protects against high fat diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance. Here we employ a systems level approach to uncover additional signaling pathways involved in high fat diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance. We used quantitative phosphoproteomics to map global in vivo changes in hepatic protein phosphorylation in chow-fed, high fat-fed, and high fat-fed with PKCε knockdown rats to distinguish the impact of lipid- and PKCε-induced protein phosphorylation.
Project description:Gene transcription profiling in Epidydimal fat pad (EPD) following High fat versus normal diet in C57/Bl6 mice. Characterisation of molecular mechanisms of in vivo insulin action in mouse models of experimentally induced Insulin resistance. Switched the diet when mice were 5 weeks old, then sampled at 8 days.
Project description:Lipid overload and adipocyte dysfunction are key to the development of insulin resistance and can be induced by a high-fat diet. CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells have been proposed as mediators between lipid overload and insulin resistance, but recent studies found decreased iNKT cell numbers and marginal effects of iNKT cell depletion on insulin resistance under high-fat diet conditions. Here, we focused on the role of iNKT cells under normal conditions. We showed that iNKT cell–deficient mice on a low-fat diet, considered a normal diet for mice, displayed a distinctive insulin resistance phenotype without overt adipose tissue inflammation. Insulin resistance was characterized by adipocyte dysfunction, including adipocyte hypertrophy, increased leptin, and decreased adiponectin levels. The lack of liver abnormalities in CD1d-null mice together with the enrichment of CD1d-restricted iNKT cells in both mouse and human adipose tissue indicated a specific role for adipose tissue–resident iNKT cells in the development of insulin resistance. Strikingly, iNKT cell function was directly modulated by adipocytes, which acted as lipid antigen-presenting cells in a CD1d-mediated fashion. Based on these findings, we propose that, especially under low-fat diet conditions, adipose tissue–resident iNKT cells maintain healthy adipose tissue through direct interplay with adipocytes and prevent insulin resistance. four samples