Project description:<p>The Starting Treatment with Agonist Replacement Therapy (START) study was a 24-week, open-label, randomized trial of methadone <i>versus</i> Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone) for the treatment of opioid dependence. Patients were over the age of 18 and met DSM-IV qualifications for opioid dependence. The primary goal of the study was to determine if either medicine was associated with liver toxicity issues in this vulnerable patient population. Liver enzymes were measured at four time points. Urinalysis for opioids, cocaine, cannabis, benzodiazepines, and methamphetamine were performed on a weekly basis. A flexible dosing scheme was used during which physicians could alter medication dose based on withdrawal symptoms and urinalysis results. Neither medication was found to be associated with liver enzyme levels.</p>
Project description:Enzyme Replacement Therapy is the only therapeutic option for Fabry patients with completely absent AGAL activity. However, it has many limitations, in terms of costs, high rh-protein re-quired, and side effects; thus, its optimization would be beneficial for patients. In this paper, we describe preliminary results paving the way for two possible approaches: i. combination of en-zyme replacement therapy with pharmacological chaperones; ii. identification of approved drugs that affect the AGAL interactors' expression. We show that galactose, a low-affinity phar-macological chaperone, can prolong rh-AGAL half-life in FD cells. We compared the wild-type AGAL and the rh-AGAL interactomes and identified a list of drugs known to affect them. This list represents a starting point to deeply screen approved drugs and identify those that can bene-fit the enzyme replacement therapy and those that can negatively interfere with it.
Project description:Current approved anti-angiogenic drugs (AAD) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) inhibit tumor angiogenesis, but affect the hepatic vasculature resulting in adverse effects. Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) differ from normal endothelial cells. In this study, we aimed to detect TEC-specific miRNAs and develop an anti-angiogenic treatment specific for TECs. We established HCC orthotopic mouse models. TEC-specific miRNAs were detected using a microRNA array. Finally, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of the TEC-specific miRNA agonist cocktail. In total, 260 TEC-specific genes were detected. Among the top ten downregulated TEC-specific miRNAs, miR-139-3p and 214-3p were important for the TEC phenotype. The TEC-specific microRNA agonist cocktail showed significant anti-tumor effects by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis without affecting hepatic vasculatures in HCC orthotopic mouse models. Moreover, it significantly downregulated tip-cell sprouting-related genes. We identified two downregulated TEC-specific miRNAs; microRNA replacement therapy, which targets the downregulated TEC-specific miRNAs, is an effective and promising treatment for HCC
Project description:Huntington’s disease (HD) is a monogenetic neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch in huntingtin (htt). Here we show that mutant htt reduces the transcription of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and leads to loss of IGF-1 in HD brains, HD mouse models and mutant htt-transgenic microglial cells. IGF-1 replacement therapy by transplantation of genetically engineered mouse neuronal precursor cells (mNPCs) in a mouse model of HD reverted the motor phenotype and countered striatal neuronal loss.