Homo sapiens
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA376875 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR5289362_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5289362_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5289363_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5289363_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating primary brain cancer with a poor prognosis. GBM is associated with an abnormal mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, consisting of two distinct kinase complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2. The complexes play critical roles in cell proliferation, survival, migration, metabolism, and DNA damage response. This study investigated the aberrant mTORC2 signaling pathway in GBM cells by performing quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of U87MG cells under different drug treatment conditions. Interestingly, a functional analysis of phosphoproteome revealed that mTORC2 inhibition might be involved in double-strand break (DSB) repair. We further characterized the relationship between mTORC2 and BRISC and BRCA1-A Complex Member 1 (BABAM1). We demonstrated that pBABAM1 at Ser29 is regulated by mTORC2 to initiate DNA damage response, contributing to DNA repair and cancer cell survival. Accordingly, the inactivation of mTORC2 significantly ablated pBABAM1 (Ser29), reduced DNA repair activities in the nucleus, and promoted apoptosis of the cancer cells. Furthermore, we also recognized that histone H2AX phosphorylation at Ser139 (γH2AX) could be controlled by mTORC2 to repair the DNA. These results provided a better understanding of mTORC2 function in oncogenic DNA damage response and might lead to specific mTORC2 treatments for brain cancer patients in the future.
2022-11-08 | PXD033325 | Pride
Project description:After DNA damage, cells activate p53, a tumor suppressor gene, and select a cell fate (e.g., DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, or apoptosis). Recently, a p53 oscillatory behavior was observed following DNA damage. However, the relationship between this p53 oscillation and cell-fate selection is unclear. Here, we present a novel model of the DNA damage signaling pathway that includes p53 and whole cell cycle regulation and explore the relationship between p53 oscillation and cell fate selection. The simulation run without DNA damage qualitatively realized experimentally observed data from several cell cycle regulators, indicating that our model was biologically appropriate. Moreover, the comprehensive sensitivity analysis for the proposed model was implemented by changing the values of all kinetic parameters, which revealed that the cell cycle regulation system based on the proposed model has robustness on a fluctuation of reaction rate in each process. Simulations run with four different intensities of DNA damage, i.e. Low-damage, Medium-damage, High-damage, and Excess-damage, realized cell cycle arrest in all cases. Low-damage, Medium-damage, High-damage, and Excess-damage corresponded to the DNA damage caused by 100, 200, 400, and 800 J/m(2) doses of UV-irradiation, respectively, based on expression of p21, which plays a crucial role in cell cycle arrest. In simulations run with High-damage and Excess-damage, the length of the cell cycle arrest was shortened despite the severe DNA damage, and p53 began to oscillate. Cells initiated apoptosis and were killed at 400 and 800 J/m(2) doses of UV-irradiation, corresponding to High-damage and Excess-damage, respectively. Therefore, our model indicated that the oscillatory mode of p53 profoundly affects cell fate selection.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000939 | BioModels
Project description:Glioblastoma is an aggressive and highly invasive disease that often resists treatment. Tumour cells can restrict the DNA-damaging effects of temozolomide (TMZ) and radiation therapy (RT) using the DNA damage response (DDR) mechanism which activates cell cycle arrest and DNA repair pathways. Ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-Related protein (ATR) plays a pivotal role in the recognition of DNA damage induced by chemotherapy and radiation and downstream activation of DDR pathways. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence indicates DNA damage and inhibition of ATR can stimulate a proinflammatory response that activates innate immunity against tumour cells. Here, we investigated the change of gene expression of treated glioblastoma cell lines from TMZ+RT and ATR inhibition (using gartisertib (M4344)) combined with TMZ+RT.
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Project description:DNA damage is a prevalent event within the tumor microenvironment, significantly influencing cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and immune cell functionality. Here, we observed that oxidative stress induces DNA damage in tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), leading to the activation of the serine/threonine kinase WEE1, which facilitates DNA repair. Notably, this DNA damage also acts as a stimulus for DC activation. Pharmacological inhibition of WEE1 activates TADCs via the cGAS/STING pathway, resulting in an enhanced antitumor immune response and improved tumor control. Furthermore, WEE1 inhibition augments the efficacy of DC vaccines and work synergistically with immune checkpoint blockade therapy. These findings underscore the critical role of WEE1-mediated signaling in DNA damage repair in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, which in turn dampens the antitumor immune response. Thus, targeting WEE1 in DCs presents a promising strategy to enhance DC-mediated T cell activation and improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy strategies.
2025-04-11 | GSE269559 | GEO
Project description:DNA damage is a prevalent event within the tumor microenvironment, significantly influencing cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and immune cell functionality. Here, we observed that oxidative stress induces DNA damage in tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), leading to the activation of the serine/threonine kinase WEE1, which facilitates DNA repair. Notably, this DNA damage also acts as a stimulus for DC activation. Pharmacological inhibition of WEE1 activates TADCs via the cGAS/STING pathway, resulting in an enhanced antitumor immune response and improved tumor control. Furthermore, WEE1 inhibition augments the efficacy of DC vaccines and work synergistically with immune checkpoint blockade therapy. These findings underscore the critical role of WEE1-mediated signaling in DNA damage repair in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, which in turn dampens the antitumor immune response. Thus, targeting WEE1 in DCs presents a promising strategy to enhance DC-mediated T cell activation and improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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2023-01-08 | GSE154227 | GEO
Project description:Kynureninase is a member of a large family of catalytically diverse but structurally homologous pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzymes known as the aspartate aminotransferase superfamily or alpha-family. The Homo sapiens and other eukaryotic constitutive kynureninases preferentially catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine to produce 3-hydroxyanthranilate and l-alanine, while l-kynurenine is the substrate of many prokaryotic inducible kynureninases. The human enzyme was cloned with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag, expressed, and purified from a bacterial expression system using Ni metal ion affinity chromatography. Kinetic characterization of the recombinant enzyme reveals classic Michaelis-Menten behavior, with a Km of 28.3 +/- 1.9 microM and a specific activity of 1.75 micromol min-1 mg-1 for 3-hydroxy-dl-kynurenine. Crystals of recombinant kynureninase that diffracted to 2.0 A were obtained, and the atomic structure of the PLP-bound holoenzyme was determined by molecular replacement using the Pseudomonas fluorescens kynureninase structure (PDB entry 1qz9) as the phasing model. A structural superposition with the P. fluorescens kynureninase revealed that these two structures resemble the "open" and "closed" conformations of aspartate aminotransferase. The comparison illustrates the dynamic nature of these proteins' small domains and reveals a role for Arg-434 similar to its role in other AAT alpha-family members. Docking of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine into the human kynureninase active site suggests that Asn-333 and His-102 are involved in substrate binding and molecular discrimination between inducible and constitutive kynureninase substrates.
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Project description:LncRNA CTBP1-DT-encoded microprotein DDUP mediates DNA repair by sustaining DNA damage responses via dual mechanisms Raw sequence reads
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