Long-acting immune responses including plasma cells and alteration of sebaceous glands cause atrophic scar formation in acne patients
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PROVIDER: PRJNA422460 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Background: Possible outcomes of acne lesions are atrophic scars which may cause serious physical and psychological distress. Current treatments of post-acne scarring remain difficult and often require invasive procedures. Pathophysiological studies on acne scaring investigated only the first week of papule life. Objectives: Study the pathophysiology of atrophic acne scar formation to identify molecular and cellular pathways that can lead to new therapies for the prevention of acne scarring. Methods: Large-scale gene expression profiling of uninvolved acne skin and acne papules of 48 hours and 3 weeks of age, respectively, of both, scar-prone (SP) and non-scar-prone (NSP) patients was performed. Immunohistochemistry techniques were applied to confirm transcriptomics results on the protein and cellular level. Results: Gene expression and immunohistochemistry analyses showed a very similar immune response in 48 hours-old papules in SP and NSP populations characterized by elevated numbers of T cells, neutrophils and macrophages. However, only in SP patients the immune response persisted in 3 week-old papules, and was characterized by an important infiltrate of B cells. Transient down-modulation of genes related to lipid metabolism was observed in 48 hours-old papules in NSP patients, followed by normalization of gene expression levels after 3 weeks. In contrast, in SP patients a drastic reduction of lipid metabolizing enzymes was observed in 3 week-old papules, suggesting irreversible modifications. The affected lipid metabolism genes were found preferentially expressed in human sebaceous glands, pointing to a destruction of sebaceous gland structures after 3 weeks of inflammatory remodelling in SP acne patients.
2018-04-30 | GSE108110 | GEO
Project description:The pathogenesis of acne has been linked to multiple factors such as increased sebum production, inflammation, follicular hyperkeratinization, and the action of Propionibacterium acnes within the follicle. In an attempt to understand the specific genes involved in inflammatory acne, we performed gene expression profiling in acne patients. Skin biopsies were obtained from an inflammatory papule and from normal skin in six patients with acne. Biopsies were also taken from normal skin of six subjects without acne. Gene array expression profiling was conducted using Affymetrix HG-U133A 2.0 arrays comparing lesional to nonlesional skin in acne patients and comparing nonlesional skin from acne patients to skin from normal subjects. Within the acne patients, 211 genes are upregulated in lesional skin compared to nonlesional skin. A significant proportion of these genes are involved in pathways that regulate inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling, and they include matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3, IL-8, human beta-defensin 4, and granzyme B. These data indicate a prominent role of matrix metalloproteinases, inflammatory cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides in acne lesions. These studies are the first describing the comprehensive changes in gene expression in inflammatory acne lesions and are valuable in identifying potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory acne. Experiment Overall Design: total 18 chips. 6 for acne lesion samples, 6 for normal skin samples, 6 for non-acne patient normal skin samples
2008-06-14 | E-GEOD-6475 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The sebaceous gland is essential for skin homeostasis by producing sebum to lubricate and protect the skin. However, its cellular and molecular mechanisms in humans remain poorly understood as most studies have been conducted in mouse models. This study provides a comprehensive molecular analysis of the human sebaceous gland, focusing on cellular interactions, novel gene markers, and sebocyte differentiation. By integrating Stereo-seq spatial transcriptomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, and validation though MERFISH, we identified four distinct stages of sebocyte differentiation, each characterized by unique gene signatures. These results reveal sebocyte differentiation as a dynamic and complex process. Our findings enhance the understanding of sebaceous gland biology and provide a valuable reference for future research and the development of therapies for sebaceous gland-related disorders, including acne.
2025-04-23 | GSE292156 | GEO
Project description:The sebaceous gland is essential for skin homeostasis by producing sebum to lubricate and protect the skin. However, its cellular and molecular mechanisms in humans remain poorly understood as most studies have been conducted in mouse models. This study provides a comprehensive molecular analysis of the human sebaceous gland, focusing on cellular interactions, novel gene markers, and sebocyte differentiation. By integrating Stereo-seq spatial transcriptomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, and validation though MERFISH, we identified four distinct stages of sebocyte differentiation, each characterized by unique gene signatures. These results reveal sebocyte differentiation as a dynamic and complex process. Our findings enhance the understanding of sebaceous gland biology and provide a valuable reference for future research and the development of therapies for sebaceous gland-related disorders, including acne.
2025-04-23 | GSE292394 | GEO
Project description:In a transcriptome study of psoriatic (PP) vs. normal (NN) skin, we found a co-expressed gene module (N5) enriched 11.5-fold for lipid biosynthetic genes. We also observed fewer visible hairs in PP skin, compared to uninvolved (PN) or NN skin (p<0.0001). To ask whether these findings might be due to abnormalities of the pilosebaceous unit, we carried out 3D morphometric analysis of paired PP and PN biopsies. Sebaceous glands (SG) were markedly atrophic in PP vs. PN skin (91% average reduction in volume, p=0.031). Module N5 genes were strongly downregulated in PP vs. NN skin (fold-change [FC] < 0.25, 44.4-fold), and strongly up-regulated in sebaceous hyperplasia (SH, FC > 4, 54.1-fold). The intersection of PP-downregulated and SH-upregulated gene lists generated a gene expression signature consisting solely of module N5 genes, whose expression in PP vs. NN skin was inversely correlated with the signature of IL17-stimuated keratinocytes. Despite loss of visible hairs, morphometry identified elongated follicles in PP vs. PN skin (average 1.7 vs. 1.2 Jm, p=0.020). These results document SG atrophy in non-scalp psoriasis, identify a cytokine-regulated set of SG signature genes, and suggest that loss of visible hair in PP skin may result from abnormal SG function. Gene expression was compared between sebaceous hyperplasia lesions (n = 5) and normal skin (n = 3) from control subjects.
2016-06-02 | E-GEOD-82140 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The pathogenesis of acne has been linked to multiple factors such as increased sebum production, inflammation, follicular hyperkeratinization, and the action of Propionibacterium acnes within the follicle. In an attempt to understand the specific genes involved in inflammatory acne, we performed gene expression profiling in acne patients. Skin biopsies were obtained from an inflammatory papule and from normal skin in six patients with acne. Biopsies were also taken from normal skin of six subjects without acne. Gene array expression profiling was conducted using Affymetrix HG-U133A 2.0 arrays comparing lesional to nonlesional skin in acne patients and comparing nonlesional skin from acne patients to skin from normal subjects. Within the acne patients, 211 genes are upregulated in lesional skin compared to nonlesional skin. A significant proportion of these genes are involved in pathways that regulate inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling, and they include matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3, IL-8, human beta-defensin 4, and granzyme B. These data indicate a prominent role of matrix metalloproteinases, inflammatory cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides in acne lesions. These studies are the first describing the comprehensive changes in gene expression in inflammatory acne lesions and are valuable in identifying potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory acne. Keywords: acne lesion, normal skin
2006-12-12 | GSE6475 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundFractional picosecond lasers (FPL) are reported to be effective and safe for atrophic acne scars and post-acne erythema. However, there is no evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of FPL treatment for non-acne atrophic scars and scar erythema among Chinese patients.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 12 Chinese patients with non-acne atrophic scars, including nine with scar erythema, were treated with one to three sessions of 1064 nm FPL treatment. Clinical improvement was objectively assessed through blinded evaluations by external physicians. A modified Manchester Scar Scale (mMSS) and the Clinician Erythema Assessment Scale (CEAS) were individually used to evaluate atrophic scars and scar erythema based on photographs. Physician-assessed and subject-assessed Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) were used to assess changes before and after FPL treatment. Patient satisfaction and adverse events were also documented.ResultsTotal mMSS scores, as well as three parameters (color, distortion, and texture), were significantly decreased after FPL treatment, with a mean reduction of 3.18 ± 1.60 in total scores (p < 0.05). The CEAS scores were significantly reduced from 2.41 ± 0.98 before treatment to 0.41 ± 0.40 at the final visit (p < 0.05). Based on physician-assessed and subject-assessed GAIS scores, 11 (91.7%) patients were improved after FPL treatment. 33.3% of patients were very satisfied, and 41.7% were satisfied. No serious, prolonged (> 3 weeks) adverse events were observed.ConclusionOur study suggests that 1064 nm FPL treatment may be a promising option for non-acne atrophic scars, especially with scar erythema. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
| S-EPMC11259539 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We had one goal to perform this study: Atrophic gastritis and atrophic gastritis receivng PEEPA-P5 antrum epithelial Transcriptomes
2023-05-27 | GSE205006 | GEO
Project description:The mechanisms of inflammation in acne are not well understood. This study performed in two separate patient populations focused on the activation of adaptive and innate immunity in early inflamed acne. Biopsies were collected from lesional and non-lesional skin of acne patients. Psoriasis patients and healthy volunteers were included in the study for comparison (not included in the records). Using Affymetrix Genechips, we observed significant elevation of the signature cytokines of the Th17 lineage in acne lesions compared to non-lesional skin. The increased expression of IL-17 was confirmed with real-time qPCR (RT-PCR) in two separate patient populations. Cytokines involved in Th17 lineage differentiation (IL-1beta, IL-6, TGF-beta; IL23p19) were remarkably induced at the RNA level. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α), Th1 markers (IL12p40, CXCR3, T-bet, IFN-gamma), T regulatory cell markers (Foxp3, IL-10, TGF-β) and antimicrobial peptides (S100A7, S100A9, LNC2, hBD2, hBD3, hCAP18) were induced. Importantly, immunohistochemistry revealed significantly increased numbers of IL-17A positive T cells and CD83 dendritic cells in the acne lesions. In summary our results demonstrate the presence of IL17A positive T cells and the activation of Th17-related cytokines in acne lesions, indicating that the Th17 pathway may play a pivotal role in the disease process, offering new targets of therapy. Total of 24 chips. 12 patients : 2 biospies per patient: 1 lesional and 1 non lesional.
2014-09-25 | E-GEOD-53795 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Branched gold and silver nanoparticles with a polydopamine coating (Au-Ag-PDA) are promising nanomaterials with high photothermal conversion efficiency. Previous studies have shown that a low concentration of Au-Ag-PDA nanoparticles coated with mesenchymal stem cell membranes (Au-Ag-PDA@MSCM), in conjunction with 808 nm LASER irradiation, can be used to treat acne by shrinking the sebaceous gland tissue to inhibit sebum secretion. However, the exact mechanism underlying this treatment remains unclear. We systematically studied the mechanism by which Au-Ag-PDA@MSCM-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) inhibits sebum secretion in vitro and vivo, using proteomic analyses, biochemical indicators of ferroptosis, bio-transmission electron microscopy, and western blotting assays. To the best of our knowledge, we revealed for the first time that Au-Ag-PDA@MSCM-mediated PTT induced early ferroptosis by upregulation acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) in sebaceous gland cells, including features such as mitochondrial contraction, increased membrane density. sebaceous gland cells iron deposition, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione (GSH) depletion. Using proteomics, we also found that the sebaceous gland cells had mitochondrial respiratory chains and redox imbalances after Au-Ag-PDA@MSCM-mediated PTT. We also found that the Hippo signaling pathway was enriched after this procedure. The results of this study will aid our understanding of how Au-Ag-PDA@MSCM-mediated PTT inhibits sebum secretion and treats acne. Our study also provides an important theoretical basis for studying the mechanisms involved in the use of nanomaterials for photothermal treatment. Sample processing protocol（组学相关的实验材料方法；字数要求500-5000）
2023-10-23 | PXD046301 |