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Childhood Cerebellar Tumors Mirror Conserved Fetal Transcriptional Programs

ABSTRACT: Childhood Cerebellar Tumors Mirror Conserved Fetal Transcriptional Programs

PROVIDER: PRJNA484319 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR7641091.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7641092.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7641093.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7641094.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7641095.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Childhood Cerebellar Tumors Mirror Conserved Fetal Transcriptional Programs

Project description:The study of the origin and development of cerebellar tumours has been hampered by the complexity and heterogeneity of cerebellar cells that change over the course of development. We used single-cell transcriptomics to study >60,000 cells from the developing murine cerebellum, and show that different molecular subgroups of childhood cerebellar tumours mirror the transcription of cells from distinct, temporally restricted cerebellar lineages. Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma transcriptionally mirrors the granule cell hierarchy as expected, whereas Grp3-MB resemble Nestin+ve stem cells, Group 4 medulloblastomas resemble unipolar brush cells, and PFA/PFB ependymoma and cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma resemble the pre-natal gliogenic progenitor cells. Furthermore, single-cell transcriptomics of human childhood cerebellar tumours demonstrates that many bulk tumours contain a mixed population of cells with divergent differentiation. Our data highlight cerebellar tumours as a disorder of early brain development, and provide a proximate explanation for the peak incidence of cerebellar tumours in early childhood.

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Childhood cerebellar tumors mirror conserved fetal transcriptional programs

Project description:We used single-cell transcriptomics to study >60,000 cells from the developing murine cerebellum, and show that different molecular subgroups of childhood cerebellar tumors mirror the transcription of cells from distinct, temporally restricted cerebellar lineages.

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Project description:Study of the origin and development of cerebellar tumours has been hampered by the complexity and heterogeneity of cerebellar cells that change over the course of development. Here we use single-cell transcriptomics to study more than 60,000 cells from the developing mouse cerebellum and show that different molecular subgroups of childhood cerebellar tumours mirror the transcription of cells from distinct, temporally restricted cerebellar lineages. The Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma subgroup transcriptionally mirrors the granule cell hierarchy as expected, while group 3 medulloblastoma resembles Nestin+ stem cells, group 4 medulloblastoma resembles unipolar brush cells, and PFA/PFB ependymoma and cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma resemble the prenatal gliogenic progenitor cells. Furthermore, single-cell transcriptomics of human childhood cerebellar tumours demonstrates that many bulk tumours contain a mixed population of cells with divergent differentiation. Our data highlight cerebellar tumours as a disorder of early brain development and provide a proximate explanation for the peak incidence of cerebellar tumours in early childhood.

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Project description:Humans with pathogenic variants in the manganese (Mn) transporter gene SLC39A14 exhibit highly elevated brain Mn concentrations and childhood-onset dystonia-parkinsonism. Here we show that Slc39a14-knockout (KO) mice, a preclinical model of the disease, express deficits in physiological tremor implicating cerebellar (CB) dysfunction in the presence of elevated CB Mn levels. Imaging of intracellular Mn levels using synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy revealed highly increased Mn concentrations in Purkinje cells (PCs). We performed RNAseq studies to determine biological pathways altered in the CB of Slc39a14-KO mice relative to wildtype (WT), which revealed an upregulation of pathways and genes responsible for immune response and cell death. To confirm these findings, we performed quantitative autoradiography of the neuroinflammation biomarker Translocator Protein 18kDa (TSPO) which was significantly increased in the CB of Slc39a14-KO mice relative to WT and was further confirmed with Iba-1 positive microglia activation and clustering in the CB cortex. Immunostaining for cleaved caspase-3 (cCASP3), a marker of apoptosis, revealed a widespread increase in cCASP3 immunoreactivity in PCs, which was supported by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining demonstrating pyknotic PCs. Lastly, functional electrophysiological assessment of CB neurocircuitry revealed marked decrease in firing rates of cerebellar nuclei (CN) neurons and an increase in variability of PCs simple spikes firing. These findings show, for the first time, Mn-induced PCs degeneration in the CB of Slc39a14-KO mice and provide a pathological substrate for the dystonia-like movement, balance, and gait abnormalities in SLC39A14 mutation carriers.

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