Microglia affect α-synuclein cell-to-cell transfer in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA540978 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
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| SRR9007220_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9007220_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9007230_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9007230_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9007221_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Background: Cell-to-cell propagation of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and underlie the spread of α-syn neuropathology. Increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and activated microglia are present in PD and activated microglia can promote α-syn aggregation. However, it is unclear how microglia influence α-syn cell-to-cell transfer. Methods: We developed a clinically relevant mouse model to monitor α-syn prion-like propagation between cells; we transplanted wild-type mouse embryonic midbrain neurons into a mouse striatum overexpressing human α-syn (huα-syn) following adeno-associated viral injection into the substantia nigra. In this system, we depleted or activated microglial cells and determined the effects on the transfer of huα-syn from host nigrostriatal neurons into the implanted dopaminergic neurons, using the presence of huα-syn within the grafted cells as a readout. Results: First, we compared α-syn cell-to-cell transfer between host mice with a normal number of microglia to mice in which we had pharmacologically ablated 80% of the microglia from the grafted striatum. With fewer host microglia, we observed increased accumulation of huα-syn in grafted dopaminergic neurons. Second, we assessed the transfer of α-syn into grafted neurons in the context of microglia activated by one of two stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-4 (IL-4). LPS exposure led to a strong activation of microglial cells (as determined by microglia morphology and cytokine production) and significantly higher amounts of huα-syn in grafted neurons. In contrast, injection of IL-4 did not change the proportion of grafted dopamine neurons that contained huα-syn relative to controls. RNA sequencing analysis revealed differential gene expression between LPS and IL-4 injected mice; many genes were upregulated in LPS including those involved with the inflammatory response. Conclusions: The absence or the hyperstimulation of microglia affected α-syn transfer in the brain. Our results suggest that under resting, non-inflammatory conditions, microglia modulate the transfer of α-syn. Pharmacological regulation of neuroinflammation could represent a future avenue for limiting the spread of PD neuropathology.
2019-08-12 | GSE130683 | GEO
Project description:Although α-synucleinis implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders, it remains unclear whether specific conformations or levels of α-synuclein assemblies are toxic and how they cause progressive loss of human dopaminergic neurons. To address this issue, we used iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons with a-synuclein triplication or controls where endogenous α-synuclein was imprinted into synthetic or disease-relevant conformations. We used α-synuclein fibrils generated de novo or amplified from homogenates of brains affected with Parkinson’s disease (n=3) .We found that a 2.5-fold increase in α-synuclein levels in α-synuclein gene triplication neurons promoted seeded aggregation in a dose and time-dependent fashion, which was associated with a further increase in α-synuclein gene expression.Transcriptomic analysis and isogenic correction of α-synuclein triplication revealed that intraneuronal α-synuclein levels solely and sufficiently explained vulnerability to cell death.
2020-09-02 | GSE149632 | GEO
Project description:Althougha-synuclein is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders, it remains unclear whether specific conformations or levels ofa-synuclein assemblies are toxic and how they cause progressive loss of human dopaminergic neurons. To address this issue, we used iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons with a-synuclein triplication or controls where endogenous a-synuclein was imprinted into synthetic or disease-relevant conformations. We used a-synuclein fibrils generated de novo or amplified from homogenates of brains affected with Parkinson’s disease (n=3) or multiple system atrophy (n=5). We found that a 2.5-fold increase in a-synuclein levels in a-synuclein gene triplication neurons promoted seeded aggregation in a dose and time-dependent fashion, which was associated with a further increase in a-synuclein gene expression. Progressive neuronal loss was observed only in a-synuclein triplication neurons seeded with brain-amplified fibrils. Transcriptomic analysis and isogenic correction of a-synuclein triplication revealed that intraneuronalalpha-synuclein levels solely and sufficiently explained vulnerability to neuronal death
2021-04-13 | GSE171999 | GEO
Project description:The etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains elusive, and the limited availability of suitable animal models hampers research on pathogenesis and drug development. We report the development of a cynomolgus monkey model of PD that combines AAV-mediated overexpression of α-synuclein into the substantia nigra with injection of Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) into the striatum. Our results show that pathological processes were accelerated, including dopaminergic neuron degeneration, Lewy Bodies aggregation, and hallmarks of inflammation in microglia and astrocytes. Behavioral phenotypes, dopamine transporter imaging and transcriptomic profiling further demonstrate consistencies between the model and PD patients. This model can help to determine mechanisms underlying PD impacted by α-synuclein and PAR and aid in accelerated development of therapeutic strategies for PD.
2024-09-20 | GSE276753 | GEO
Project description:GPNMB confers risk for Parkinson’s disease through interaction with alpha-synuclein
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Project description:Many risk loci for Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but target genes and mechanisms remain largely unknown. We linked the GWAS-derived chromosome 7 locus (sentinel SNP rs199347) to GPNMB, through colocalization analyses of expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and PD risk signals, confirmed by allele-specific expression studies in human brain. In cells, Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma Protein B protein (GPNMB) co-immunoprecipitated and co-localized with alpha-synuclein (aSyn). In induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons, loss of GPNMB resulted in loss of ability to internalize aSyn fibrils and develop aSyn pathology. In 781 PD and 59 control biosamples, GPNMB was elevated in PD plasma, associating with disease severity. Thus, GPNMB represents a PD risk gene, with potential for biomarker development and therapeutic targeting.
2022-06-17 | GSE206327 | GEO
Project description:Synucleinopathies are age-related neurological disorders which include dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The diseases are characterized by the abnormal deposition and aggregation of a-synuclein and neuroinflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of structurally distinct a-synuclein aggregates in this group of the diseases. While the correlation between specific forms of a-synuclein and distinct pathological characteristics has been extensively studied, their relationship to neuroinflammation remains elusive. Here, we examined the effects of structurally distinct a-synuclein polymorphs on microglial neuroinflammation. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived microglia (iMicroglia) were treated with a-synuclein polymorphs including EGCG stabilized a-synuclein oligomers (EO), kinetically stable a-synuclein oligomers (KSO), dopamine stabilized a-synuclein oligomers (DO), a-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF), sonicated a-synuclein preformed fibrils (sPFF), and matured a-synuclein fibrils (Fib). Microglial gene expressions were accessed by transcriptome analysis and Toll-like receptor agonist activities were determined by HEK-Blue TLR reporter assay. Exposures to kinetically stable a-synuclein oligomers and matured a-synuclein fibrils induced the expression of microglial cytokines and chemokines, while other species did not. Microglial transcriptome analysis yielded that all polymorphs commonly induce toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling cascade despite differential transcriptomic phenotypes. Among structurally distinct a-synuclein polymorphs, live cell TLR reporter assay showed that kinetically stable a-synuclein oligomers induce the activities of TLR2 and 4, and sonicated a-synuclein preformed fibril TLR4, relative to the control. These results suggest that structurally distinct a-synuclein polymorphs have likewise distinct neuroinflammatory properties.
2026-01-21 | GSE305401 | GEO
Project description:In order to investigate the effect of Alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) on p-α-synuclein in substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease (PD) model mice (C57BL/6), we profiled substantia nigra from wild-type (WT), AAV-α-synuclein (α-Syn), AKG and α-Syn-AKG in male mice by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq).
2022-10-02 | GSE214446 | GEO
Project description:Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, and by intraneuronal accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein (aSyn). Environmental factors contribute significantly to neurodegeneration in patients, and non-pharmacological interventions are increasingly explored. Among these, caloric restriction and time-restricted feeding have demonstrated beneficial effects in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has been suggested to mediate some of these effects. In this study, we tested the therapeutic potential of intermittent fasting (IF, every other day feeding) in an aSyn-based mouse model of PD. IF was initiated four weeks after induction of aSyn pathology. Four weeks of IF mitigated the aSyn-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and axon terminals. IF also reduced aSyn pathology as reported by staining for phosphorylated aSyn and Triton X-100 solubility. IF mitigated the aSyn-induced motor phenotype, the decrease in striatal dopamine and the decrease in synaptic markers. In transcriptomic analysis, we observed a robust modulation of genes involved in inflammation and microglia activation even with just brief IF treatment and without synuclein transduction. In primary mouse neurons, starvation and treatment with BHB were sufficient to induce autophagy and reduced αSyn pathology. Taken together, IF might constitute a plausible neuroprotective strategy for patients with Parkinson’s diseases. BHB-induced autophagy and altered neuroinflammation are pathways that potentially contribute to the protective effect.
2025-01-03 | GSE252873 | GEO
Project description:Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, and by intraneuronal accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein (aSyn). Environmental factors contribute significantly to neurodegeneration in patients, and non-pharmacological interventions are increasingly explored. Among these, caloric restriction and time-restricted feeding have demonstrated beneficial effects in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has been suggested to mediate some of these effects. In this study, we tested the therapeutic potential of intermittent fasting (IF, every other day feeding) in an aSyn-based mouse model of PD. IF was initiated four weeks after induction of aSyn pathology. Four weeks of IF mitigated the aSyn-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and axon terminals. IF also reduced aSyn pathology as reported by staining for phosphorylated aSyn and Triton X-100 solubility. IF mitigated the aSyn-induced motor phenotype, the decrease in striatal dopamine and the decrease in synaptic markers. In transcriptomic analysis, we observed a robust modulation of genes involved in inflammation and microglia activation even with just brief IF treatment and without synuclein transduction. In primary mouse neurons, starvation and treatment with BHB were sufficient to induce autophagy and reduced αSyn pathology. Taken together, IF might constitute a plausible neuroprotective strategy for patients with Parkinson’s diseases. BHB-induced autophagy and altered neuroinflammation are pathways that potentially contribute to the protective effect.
2025-01-03 | GSE252872 | GEO