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A Phase-Separated Nuclear GBPL Circuit Controls Immunity in Plants

ABSTRACT: A Phase-Separated Nuclear GBPL Circuit Controls Immunity in Plants

PROVIDER: PRJNA556000 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR9729450_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9729450_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9729451_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9729451_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9729452_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A Phase-Separated Nuclear GBPL Circuit Controls Immunity in Plants

Project description:Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a central paradigm for understanding how membrane-less organelles compartmentalize diverse cellular activities in eukaryotes. Here, we identified a new superfamily of plant Guanylate Binding Protein-Like GTPases (GBPLs) that assemble LLPS-driven condensates within the nucleus to protect against infection and autoimmunity. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two family members - GBPL1 and GBPL3 - undergo phase transition behavior to control transcriptional responses as part of an allosteric switch triggered by exposure to biotic stress. GBPL1, a pseudoGTPase, sequesters catalytically-active GBPL3 under basal conditions but is displaced by LLPS when GBPL3 enters the nucleus following immune cues to drive formation of unique membrane-less organelles termed GDACs (GBPL Defense-Activated Condensates) that we visualized by in situ cryo-electron tomography. Within these mesoscale GDAC structures, native GBPL3 directly bound defense gene promoters and recruited specific transcriptional coactivators of the Mediator complex plus RNA Pol II machinery to massively reprogram host gene expression for disease resistance. Together, our study identifies a new GBPL circuit that reinforces the biological importance of phase-separated condensates, in this case, as indispensable players in plant defense.

2021-03-24 | GSE134651 | GEO

A phase-separated nuclear GBPL circuit controls immunity in plants.

Project description:Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a central paradigm for understanding how membraneless organelles compartmentalize diverse cellular activities in eukaryotes1-3. Here we identify a superfamily of plant guanylate-binding protein (GBP)-like GTPases (GBPLs) that assemble LLPS-driven condensates within the nucleus to protect against infection and autoimmunity. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two members of this family-GBPL1 and GBPL3-undergo phase-transition behaviour to control transcriptional responses as part of an allosteric switch that is triggered by exposure to biotic stress. GBPL1, a pseudo-GTPase, sequesters catalytically active GBPL3 under basal conditions but is displaced by GBPL3 LLPS when it enters the nucleus following immune cues to drive the formation of unique membraneless organelles termed GBPL defence-activated condensates (GDACs) that we visualized by in situ cryo-electron tomography. Within these mesoscale GDAC structures, native GBPL3 directly bound defence-gene promoters and recruited specific transcriptional coactivators of the Mediator complex and RNA polymerase II machinery to massively reprogram host gene expression for disease resistance. Together, our study identifies a GBPL circuit that reinforces the biological importance of phase-separated condensates, in this case, as indispensable players in plant defence.

| S-EPMC8478157 | biostudies-literature

Disparate Leukemia Mutations Converge on Nuclear Phase-Separated Condensates

Project description:Disparate Leukemia Mutations Converge on Nuclear Phase-Separated Condensates

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Stress response by phase-separated p62

Project description:Stress response by phase-separated p62

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Paediatric Glioma Histone H3.3 K27M/G34R Mutations Drive Abnormalities in Phase-Separated PML Nuclear Bodies.

Project description:Paediatric Glioma Histone H3.3 K27M/G34R Mutations Drive Abnormalities in Phase-Separated PML Nuclear Bodies.

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CAF-1 promotes HIV-1 latency by leading the formation of phase-separated suppressive nuclear bodies.

Project description:CAF-1 promotes HIV-1 latency by leading the formation of phase-separated suppressive nuclear bodies.

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CAF-1 promotes HIV-1 latency by leading the formation of phase-separated suppressive nuclear bodies.

Project description:HIV-1 latency is a major obstacle to achieve a functional cure for AIDS. To eradicate the viral reservoir, one of the strategies is to specifically reactivate HIV-1-infected cells and followed by elimination with potent immune surveillance. However, present latency-reversing agents (LRAs) are quite dissatisfactory because of their high toxicity and low efficiency. New targets need to be identified to develop more promising LRAs. Here, we found that histone chaperone chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) promotes HIV-1 latency by forming versatile suppressive nuclear bodies. CAF-1 plays a leading role for the formation of bodies recruiting multi-layer suppressive epigenetic modifiers and maintainers, and is of the characteristic of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Three distinct disordered regions of CHAF1A subunit coalesce CAF-1 body components by forming LLPS and play a key in maintaining HIV-1 latency. Therefore, disruptive induction of phase-separated CAF-1 body could be an important strategy to reactivate latent HIV-1.

2021-02-09 | GSE166337 | GEO

Disparate Leukemia Mutations Converge on Nuclear Phase-Separated Condensates

Project description:During cancer development, mutations promote gene expression changes that cause transformation. Leukemia is frequently associated with aberrant HOXA expression driven by translocations in nucleoporin genes or KMT2A, and mutations in NPM1. How disparate mutations converge on this regulatory pathway is not understood. Here we demonstrate that mutant NPM1 (NPM1c) forms nuclear condensates in multiple human cell lines, mouse models, and primary patient samples. We show NPM1c phase separation is necessary and sufficient to recruit NUP98 and KMT2A to condensates. Through extensive mutagenesis and pharmacological destabilization of phase separation, we find that NPM1c condensates are necessary for regulating gene expression, promoting in vivo expansion, and maintaining the undifferentiated leukemic state. Finally, we show that nucleoporin and KMT2A fusion proteins form condensates that are biophysically indistinguishable from NPM1c condensates. Together, these data define a new condensate underlying leukemias that we term coordinating bodies (C-bodies), and propose C-bodies as a therapeutic vulnerability.

2025-11-04 | GSE306285 | GEO

Phase-separated CCER1 coordinates histone-to-protamine transition and fertility

Project description:Idiopathic fertility disorders are associated with mutations in various genes. Here, we report that coiled-coil glutamate-rich protein 1 (CCER1), a germline-specific and intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), mediates post-meiotic sperm differentiation, while CCER1 deficiency results in defective sperm chromatin compaction and infertility in mice. CCER1 increases transition protein (Tnp1/2) and protamine (Prm1/2) transcription and serves as a multifaceted mediator for multiple epigenetic modification events of histones during the histone to protamine transition (HTP). Immiscible with heterochromatin in the nucleus, CCER1 self-assembles into polymer droplet and acts as a liquid-liquid phase separated condensate in the nucleus. Notably, we identified the loss-of function variants of human CCER1 (hCCER1) in five patients with non-obstuctive azoospermia (NOA) while absent in 2,713 fertile controls. The mutants led to premature termination or frameshift of CCER1 translation and disrupted condensates in vitro. In conclusion, we propose that nuclear CCER1 is a novel phase-separated condensate that links histone epigenetic modifications, sperm HTP transitions, chromatin condensation, and male fertility.

2023-09-29 | GSE212733 | GEO

Phase-separated nuclear bodies of nucleoporin fusions promote condensation of MLL1/CRM1 and rearrangement of 3D genome structure

Project description:Phase-separated nuclear bodies of nucleoporin fusions promote condensation of MLL1/CRM1 and rearrangement of 3D genome structure

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