Identification and characterization of a transcribed distal enhancer involved in cardiac Kcnh2 regulation
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA556232 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR9735054.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9735055.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9735056.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9735057.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The human ether-a-go-go-related gene KCNH2 encodes the voltage-gated potassium channel underlying IKr, a current critical for the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential. Mutations in KCNH2 that cause a reduction of the repolarizing current can result in cardiac arrhythmias associated with long QT syndrome. Here, we investigated the regulation of this critical cardiac gene and identified multiple active enhancers in the Kcnh2 locus. An enhancer ~85 kbp downstream of Kcnh2 physically contacted the promoters of two Kcnh2 isoforms in a cardiac-specific manner in vivo. Knockdown of a ncRNA controlled by this enhancer results in reduced expression of Kcnh2b and two neighboring mRNAs, Nos3 and Abcb8, in vitro. Genomic deletion of the enhancer, including the ncRNA transcription start site, from the mouse genome caused a modest downregulation of both Kcn2a and Kcn2b in the ventricles. These findings establish that the regulation of Kcnh2a and Kcnh2b is governed by a complex regulatory landscape that involves multiple partially redundantly acting enhancers.
2019-08-01 | GSE134725 | GEO
Project description:KCNH2 encodes the voltage-gated potassium channel hERG1, which conducts the rapid delayed rectifier current (IKr) that is essential for cardiac repolarization. Loss-of-function KCNH2 variants or pharmacological inhibition of hERG1 cause congenital long QT syndrome type 2 and acquired long QT syndrome, respectively. KCNH2 variants are also associated with intrauterine fetal death and sudden infant death syndrome, yet the contribution of KCNH2 in early human development remains unclear. To explore this, we generated a KCNH2-/- human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line, which exhibited reduced proliferation and increased cell death at high confluency compared to isogenic controls. Transcriptomic analysis revealed widespread dysregulation of developmental genes, indicating impaired differentiation and altered cardiovascular gene networks. Pathways involved in calcium homeostasis, cell motility, and chemotaxis were also disrupted. These findings identify KCNH2 as a bioelectric modulator of early human developmental gene networks, extending its function beyond cardiac electrophysiology and informing congenital disease mechanisms.
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Project description:Innervated human cardiac muscle model reveals sympathetic drivers of KCNH2-associated arrhythmias
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Project description:Although elevated KCNH2-3.1 potassium channel expression is associated with cognitive dysfunctions and with schizophrenia, little is known about the pathophysiology of synapses in patient neurons and how elevated levels of KCNH2-3.1 potassium channel could lead to synaptic deficits in humans. Here, we identified specific and delayed disruption of hippocampal-mPFC synaptic transmission and connection unexpectedly associated with age-dependent reduction of SERPING1, CFH and CD74 in the KCNH2-3.1 overexpression transgenic mice, and dysfunctional interactions between hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in the fMRI coupling signal during working memory encoding in healthy subjects carrying schizophrenia-associated risk alleles of KCNH2 potassium channel. These three genes are enriched in neurons or microglia, and reduced expression of these genes dysregulates the complement cascade activation underlying impaired synaptic connectivity of hippocampal-mPFC projections. Knockdown of these genes’ expression impairs synapse formation, and replenishing reduced CFH gene expression rescues KCNH2-3.1-induced impaired synaptogenesis. Our results uncover a previously unrecognized role of truncated KCNH2-3.1 potassium channel mediating reduced expression of three genes mentioned above, which enhances aberrant complement cascade activation during development. These results direct an important conceptual advance that truncated KCNH2-3.1 causes synapse loss mediated by abnormally activated complement system, rather than aberrant neuronal firing, may represent the therapeutic targets for a number of patients with schizophrenia.
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Project description:Purpose: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized systems-based analysis of cellular pathways. To understand how ERG1 executes its function during differentiation, we performed RNA-seq experiments in Kcnh2-/- and wild-type rEBs at day 4 Methods: RNA profiles of day 4 wild type (WT) and Kcnh2-/- rEBs were generated by deep sequencing, in duplicate, using Illumina Hiseq. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed at the transcript isoform level with TopHat followed by Cufflinks. Results: Using an optimized data analysis workflow, we mapped about 35 million sequence reads per sample to the rat genome (build mm9) and identified 16,014 transcripts in the retinas of WT and Kcnh2−/− rESC with TopHat workflow. RNA-seq datashows 211 differentially expressed gene with a fold change ≥2 and p value <0.01, in which 109 genes were downregulated and 102 genes were upregulateds.Altered expression of 25 genes was confirmed with qRT–PCR, demonstrating the high degree of sensitivity of the RNA-seq method.Based on GO enrichment analysis results, the deletion of Kcnh2 resulted in the impaired heart development and cell differentiation by inhibiting the expression of heart related genes. KEGG enrichment analysis of all differentially expressed genes yielded the enrichment for several cell differentiation signaling pathways, like PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway, which is consistent with the experiment results. Conclusions: Our study represents the detailed analysis of transcriptomes of Kcnh2-/- vs. WT rat embryonic stem cell, with biologic replicates, generated by RNA-seq technology. The optimized data analysis workflows reported here should provide a framework for comparative investigations of expression profiles. Our results show that NGS offers a comprehensive and more accurate quantitative and qualitative evaluation of mRNA content within a cell or tissue. We conclude that RNA-seq based transcriptome characterization would expedite genetic network analyses and permit the dissection of complex biologic functions.
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Project description:Rationale: 22q11 deletion syndrome arises from recombination between low copy repeats on chromosome 22. Typical deletions result in hemizygosity for TBX1 associated with congenital cardiovascular disease. Deletions distal to the typically deleted region result in a similar cardiac phenotype but lack extra-cardiac features of the syndrome suggesting that a second haploinsufficient gene maps to this interval. Objective: The transcription factor HIC2 is lost in most distal deletions as well as a minority of typical deletions. We used mouse models to test the hypothesis that HIC2 hemizygosity causes congenital heart disease. Methods and Results: We created a genetrap mouse allele of Hic2. The genetrap reporter was expressed in the heart throughout the key stages of cardiac morphogenesis. Homozygosity for the genetrap allele was embryonic lethal before embryonic day E10.5 while the heterozygous condition exhibited a partially penetrant late lethality. One third of heterozygous embryos had a cardiac phenotype. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta. Conditional targeting indicated a requirement for Hic2 within the Nkx2.5+ and Mesp1+ cardiovascular progenitor lineages but not in the Wnt1+ neural crest or Mef2c+ second heart field lineages. Microarray analysis revealed increased expression of BMP10. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a novel role for Hic2 in cardiac development. Hic2 is the first gene within the distal 22q11 interval to have a demonstrated haploinsufficient cardiac phenotype in mice. Together our data suggests HIC2 haploinsufficiency likely contributes to the cardiac defects seen in distal 22q11 deletion syndrome. The aim of this microarray experiment was to compare gene expression changes in the E13.5 mouse heart in a conditional knockout of Hic2 (Mesp1Cre/+; Hic2FL/FL) against control. All samples represent pools of isolated hearts from E13.5 mouse embryos. 3 replicates of each genotype were assayed. The genotypes are: 'WT' (Hic2FL/FL) 'KO' (Mesp1Cre/+; Hic2 FL/FL)
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Project description:Cardiac autonomic neurons control cardiac contractility. Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system can lead to sympathetic overdrive resulting in heart failure and an increased incidence of fatal arrhythmias. Here, we introduce innervated engineered human myocardium (iEHM), a novel model of neuro-cardiac junctions, constructed by fusion of a bioengineered neural organoid patterned to autonomic nervous system (SNO) and engineered human myocardium (EHM). Projections of sympathetic neurons into EHM formed presynaptic terminals in close proximity to cardiomyocytes and the extensive vascular network co-developing in the tissues. Contractile responses to optogenetic stimulation of the accordingly engineered neuronal component demonstrated functionality of the engineered neuro-cardiac junctions. Modeling long-QT 2 related to KCNH2 mutations in iEHM revealed early afterdepolarizations and autonomic neuron hyperactivity, suggesting a contribution of the autonomic nervous system to hERG-channel dysfunction-related arrhythmias. Collectively, our data demonstrate the utility of iEHM in the delineation of neuron-cardiomyocyte crosstalk at the tissue level and may serve as an important step towards the engineering a human brain-to-heart axis in a dish.
2026-05-11 | E-MTAB-16232 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rationale: 22q11 deletion syndrome arises from recombination between low copy repeats on chromosome 22. Typical deletions result in hemizygosity for TBX1 associated with congenital cardiovascular disease. Deletions distal to the typically deleted region result in a similar cardiac phenotype but lack extra-cardiac features of the syndrome suggesting that a second haploinsufficient gene maps to this interval. Objective: The transcription factor HIC2 is lost in most distal deletions as well as a minority of typical deletions. We used mouse models to test the hypothesis that HIC2 hemizygosity causes congenital heart disease. Methods and Results: We created a genetrap mouse allele of Hic2. The genetrap reporter was expressed in the heart throughout the key stages of cardiac morphogenesis. Homozygosity for the genetrap allele was embryonic lethal before embryonic day E10.5 while the heterozygous condition exhibited a partially penetrant late lethality. One third of heterozygous embryos had a cardiac phenotype. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta. Conditional targeting indicated a requirement for Hic2 within the Nkx2.5+ and Mesp1+ cardiovascular progenitor lineages but not in the Wnt1+ neural crest or Mef2c+ second heart field lineages. Microarray analysis revealed increased expression of BMP10. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a novel role for Hic2 in cardiac development. Hic2 is the first gene within the distal 22q11 interval to have a demonstrated haploinsufficient cardiac phenotype in mice. Together our data suggests HIC2 haploinsufficiency likely contributes to the cardiac defects seen in distal 22q11 deletion syndrome. the aim of this microarray experiment was to compare gene expression changes in the E13.5 mouse heart in a conditional knockout of Hic2 (Mesp1Cre/+; Hic2FL/FL) against control.
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