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Kinetics of chromatin accessibility during hepatic conversion [ChIP-seq]

ABSTRACT: Kinetics of chromatin accessibility during hepatic conversion [ChIP-seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA625937 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR11561423.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11561424.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11561425.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11561426.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11561427.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Project description:Cell plasticity endows differentiated cells with competence to be reprogrammed to other identities. While reprogramming factors-induced epigenetic changes have been characterized, intrinsic chromatin features underlying cell plasticity remain elusive. By characterizing kinetics of high-order chromatin structures during transdifferentiation from fibroblasts to hepatocytes, we identified contiguous compartment switchable regions (CSRs). Compartment B to A CSRs (B-to-A CSRs), enriched with hepatocyte genes and demarcated by loop anchors, displayed a chimeric status of pre-existing chromatin accessibility in repressive compartment in fibroblasts. Pre-existing accessibility allowed the occupancy of pioneer factor Foxa3 to B-to-A CSRs, triggering compartment switch, H3K27ac gain and H3K27me3 reduction, and hepatocyte gene activation. Moreover, chimeric chromatin status appeared to be related with fibroblasts reprogramming to neurons, cardiomyocytes and pluripotent stem cells. Together, pre-existing accessibility in compartment B defines a chimeric chromatin status that may constitute intrinsic attribute for cell plasticity.

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Project description:Recent studies have shown that defined hepatic factors could lead to the direct conversion of fibroblasts into induced hepatocytes (iHeps). However, reported conversion efficiencies are vey low and the underlying mechanism of the hepatic lineage conversion is largely unknown. Here, we report that direct conversion into iHeps is a stepwise transition involving erasure of somatic memory, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, and induction of hepatic cell fate in a sequential manner. Throughout screening for additional factors that could potentially enhance the kinetics of the MET and hepatic programs, we have found that c-Myc and Klf4 (CK) dramatically accelerate the conversion kinetics, resulting in remarkably improved generation of iHeps (>87 fold). Furthermore, we identified small molecules that could replace the roles of CK and thus led to the highly efficient generation of iHeps without CK. Finally, we show that a single factor (Hnf1α) supported by small molecules is sufficient to robustly induce transprogramming of fibroblasts into functional hepatocyte-like cells with high yield. This novel approach might help to fully elucidate the direct conversion process and also facilitate the translation of iHep into clinic.

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