Project description:It has been proposed that endogenously formed N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) are partly responsible for the link between red meat consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. As nitrite has been indicated as one of the critical factors in the formation of endogenous NOCs, it is of high importance to replace or reduce the nitrite levels in meat. Therefore, the PHYTOME project was initiated (Phytochemicals to reduce nitrite in meat products; www.phytome.eu), an EU funded research project aiming to develop innovative meat products in which the food additive sodium nitrite (E251) has been replaced by natural compounds originating from fruits and vegetables. A human dietary intervention study was conducted in which healthy subjects consumed 300 grams of meat for two weeks, in subsequent order: normal processed red meat, white meat, and red processed meat with standard or reduced levels of nitrite and added phytochemicals. Consumption of standard-nitrite PHYTOME meat products leads to a significant reduction in Apparent Total N-nitroso Compounds (ATNC) levels in faecal water, a surrogate marker of endogenously formed NOCs, as compared to the consumption of conventional processed red meat products. A reduction of nitrite in the PHYTOME meat lowered these levels even further. In addition, DNA strand breaks induced in ex-vivo faecal water exposed Caco-2 cells and O6-methyl-guanine adducts levels in colonic DNA were significantly higher after consumption of normal processed red meat as compared to white meat intake. PHYTOME meat intake resulted in reduced levels of these genotoxic markers, however, these were not statistically significant. Whole genome gene expression analyses in colonic tissue identified differentially expressed genes and genes associated with ATNC, which are related to molecular pathways which may explain cancer risk initiation after intake of processed red meat and cancer risk prevention after intake of the PHYTOME meat. Together these results indicate that addition of natural extracts to conventional processed red meat products results in reduced endogenous formation of NOCs, and may therefore contribute to a reduced risk of CRC, which is mechanistically supported by gene expression analyses.
2021-08-17 | GSE147996 | GEO
Project description:MDR Escherichia coli isolated from Brazil
Project description:This project aimed to compare the proteomic profiles between conventional chicken meat and cultured chicken meat produced through cell culture techniques. Proteins were extracted, separated using SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and identified through mass spectrometry. KEGG pathway enrichment and STRING-based protein-protein interaction network analyses were performed to evaluate metabolic characteristics and structural differences between the groups. Conventional meat exhibited a high abundance of glycolytic and muscle contraction-associated proteins, while cultured meat showed elevated expression of proteins involved in stress response and redox regulation. These datasets provide fundamental insights for improving the quality and ensuring the safety of cultured meat products.
Project description:Livestock farming and conventional meat production pose significant environmental, health, and animal welfare challenges. In seeking sustainable alternative solutions, cultivated meat technology typically utilizes differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) into muscle cells for in vitro meat production. However, understanding the molecular determinants governing MPC differentiation into muscle cells, and the potential enhancement of this process through modulation of signaling pathways, remains limited. Herein, we characterized the molecular landscape associated with bovine MPC differentiation in vitro by employing multiomics, and explored its augmentation by small molecules, together leading to identification of media that enhanced myogenic differentiation compared with conventional methods in both 2D cultures and tissue‐engineered 3D skeletal muscle constructs. Through bulk and single‐cell transcriptomics and proteomics, we compared conventional and enhanced differentiation media, demonstrating that the enhanced media gave rise to unique progenitor‐like cell populations, while simultaneously promoting differentiation into myocytes and contractile myotubes expressing a wide array of myogenic markers that more closely resemble bovine muscle cells in vivo. The improved method for promoting myogenic differentiation in 2D and 3D formats, together with the corresponding molecular roadmap, may prove valuable for cultivated meat applications.
Project description:Livestock farming and conventional meat production pose significant environmental, health, and animal welfare challenges. In seeking sustainable alternative solutions, cultivated meat technology typically utilizes differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) into muscle cells for in vitro meat production. However, understanding the molecular determinants governing MPC differentiation into muscle cells, and the potential enhancement of this process through modulation of signaling pathways, remains limited. Herein, we characterized the molecular landscape associated with bovine MPC differentiation in vitro by employing multiomics, and explored its augmentation by small molecules, together leading to identification of media that enhanced myogenic differentiation compared with conventional methods in both 2D cultures and tissue‐engineered 3D skeletal muscle constructs. Through bulk and single‐cell transcriptomics and proteomics, we compared conventional and enhanced differentiation media, demonstrating that the enhanced media gave rise to unique progenitor‐like cell populations, while simultaneously promoting differentiation into myocytes and contractile myotubes expressing a wide array of myogenic markers that more closely resemble bovine muscle cells in vivo. The improved method for promoting myogenic differentiation in 2D and 3D formats, together with the corresponding molecular roadmap, may prove valuable for cultivated meat applications.
Project description:Livestock farming and conventional meat production pose significant environmental, health, and animal welfare challenges. In seeking sustainable alternative solutions, cultivated meat technology typically utilizes differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) into muscle cells for in vitro meat production. However, understanding the molecular determinants governing MPC differentiation into muscle cells, and the potential enhancement of this process through modulation of signaling pathways, remains limited. Herein, we characterized the molecular landscape associated with bovine MPC differentiation in vitro by employing multiomics, and explored its augmentation by small molecules, together leading to identification of media that enhanced myogenic differentiation compared with conventional methods in both 2D cultures and tissue‐engineered 3D skeletal muscle constructs. Through bulk and single‐cell transcriptomics and proteomics, we compared conventional and enhanced differentiation media, demonstrating that the enhanced media gave rise to unique progenitor‐like cell populations, while simultaneously promoting differentiation into myocytes and contractile myotubes expressing a wide array of myogenic markers that more closely resemble bovine muscle cells in vivo. The improved method for promoting myogenic differentiation in 2D and 3D formats, together with the corresponding molecular roadmap, may prove valuable for cultivated meat applications.
Project description:The inappropriate use of antibiotics is a severe public health problem worldwide, contributing to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. To explore the possible impacts of the inappropriate use of antibiotics on the immune system, we use Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) infection as an example and show that imipenem increases the mortality of mice infected by MDR K. pneumoniae. Further studies demonstrate that imipenem enhances the secretion of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) with significantly elevated presentation of GroEL, which promotes the phagocytosis of OMVs by macrophages that depends on the interaction between GroEL and its receptor LOX-1. OMVs cause the pyroptosis of macrophages and the release of proinflammatory cytokines, which contribute to exacerbated inflammatory responses. We propose that the inappropriate use of antibiotics in the cases of infection by MDR bacteria such as K. pneumoniae might cause damaging inflammatory responses, which underlines the pernicious effects of inappropriate use of antibiotic.
Project description:Livestock farming and conventional meat production pose significant environmental, health, and animal welfare challenges. In seeking sustainable alternative solutions, cultivated meat technology typically utilizes differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) into muscle cells for in vitro meat production. However, understanding the molecular determinants governing MPC differentiation into muscle cells, and the potential enhancement of this process through modulation of signaling pathways, remains limited. Herein, we characterized the molecular landscape associated with bovine MPC differentiation in vitro by employing multiomics, and explored its augmentation by small molecules, together leading to identification of media that enhanced myogenic differentiation compared with conventional methods in both 2D cultures and tissue‐engineered 3D skeletal muscle constructs. Through bulk and single‐cell transcriptomics and proteomics, we compared conventional and enhanced differentiation media, demonstrating that the enhanced media gave rise to unique progenitor‐like cell populations, while simultaneously promoting differentiation into myocytes and contractile myotubes expressing a wide array of myogenic markers that more closely resemble bovine muscle cells in vivo. The improved method for promoting myogenic differentiation in 2D and 3D formats, together with the corresponding molecular roadmap, may prove valuable for cultivated meat applications.
Project description:This study elucidates the whole proteome changes in the MDR isolates of K. penumoniae, A. baumannii, E. coli, and P. aeruginiosa in the presence of Ampicillin, Kanamycin, and Nalidixic acid. Label-free SWATH-MS is used for protein quantitation of antibiotics treated and untreated samples.