Project description:We examined host gene expression across infection status, viral load, age, and sex among RNA-sequencing profiles of nasopharyngeal swabs from 430 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 and 54 negative controls. SARS-CoV-2 induced a strong interferon-driven antiviral response and reduced transcription of ribosomal proteins. Expression of interferon-responsive genes, including ACE2, increased as a function of viral load. B cells and neutrophils were higher in patients with lower viral load. Older individuals had reduced expression of chemokines CXCL9/10/11, their cognate receptor CXCR3, and CD8A and granzyme B. Males had reduced B and NK cell-specific transcripts and increased NFkB inhibitors. Our data demonstrate that host responses to SARS-CoV-2 are dependent on viral load and infection time course, with observed differences due to age and sex that may contribute to disease severity.
Project description:We examined host gene expression in human airway epithelial cells following infection at 3 or 7 days post infection (DPI) with SARS-CoV-2
Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate gene expression patterns during the acute SARS-CoV-2 illness. The cases included SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with an extremely high viral load early in their illness matched to individuals who either had a low SARS-CoV-2 viral load early in their infection or were otherwise stable patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 prior to their outpatient surgical or aerosol generating procedure. We detected hundreds of up-regulated genes that were highly correlated to the SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Many of these up-regulated genes were enriched in cellular pathways involved in the innate immune response, antiviral interferon and cytokine signaling, and cell death.
Project description:This research analyzes the potential of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as markers in determining the necessity of antiviral treatment in pregnant women by examining alterations in the expression profile of serum lncRNAs in pregnant women with elevated hepatitis B viral load (HBVL) under antiviral and non-antiviral treatment regimens between the second trimester and delivery.