TRF2-mediated telomere protection is dispensable in pluripotent stem cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA658273 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR12482580_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12482580_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12482581_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12482581_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12482582_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Similar Datasets
Project description:Transcriptional response to telomere dysfunction in ES and differentiated cells
2020-09-30 | GSE156534 | GEO
Project description:In mammals, telomere protection is mediated by the essential protein TRF2, which binds chromosome ends and ensures genome integrity1,2. TRF2 depletion results in end-to-end chromosome fusions in all cell types that have been tested so far. Here we find that TRF2 is dispensable for the proliferation and survival of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Trf2-/- (also known as Terf2) ES cells do not exhibit telomere fusions and can be expanded indefinitely. In response to the deletion of TRF2, ES cells exhibit a muted DNA damage response that is characterized by the recruitment of γH2AX-but not 53BP1-to telomeres. To define the mechanisms that control this unique DNA damage response in ES cells, we performed a CRISPR-Cas9-knockout screen. We found a strong dependency of TRF2-null ES cells on the telomere-associated protein POT1B and on the chromatin remodelling factor BRD2. Co-depletion of POT1B or BRD2 with TRF2 restores a canonical DNA damage response at telomeres, resulting in frequent telomere fusions. We found that TRF2 depletion in ES cells activates a totipotent-like two-cell-stage transcriptional program that includes high levels of ZSCAN4. We show that the upregulation of ZSCAN4 contributes to telomere protection in the absence of TRF2. Together, our results uncover a unique response to telomere deprotection during early development.
| S-EPMC9161009 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Telomere binding factor 2 (TRF2), is a protein that plays a major role in the maintenance of telomere integrity. In mitotic normal and transformed cells, TRF2 inhibition triggers a rapid telomere DNA damage response that results in cell senescence or apoptosis. Here we provide evidence that TRF2 plays a role suppressing neuronal differentiation. TRF2 interacts with the RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) in nuclear PML protein-containing compartments of neuronal cells in vivo. Inhibition of TRF2 function with a dominant-negative form of TRF2 elicits a telomeric DNA damage response, and disrupts the TRF2-REST complex resulting in proteasomal degradation of REST. Overexpression of REST impairs the ability of DN-TRF2 to induce neuronal differentiation, indicating that enhanced degradation of REST is sufficient to account for the differentiation-inducing effect of DN-TRF2. REST degradation derepresses RE1-regulated genes (L1CAM, BDNF, b3-tubulin, syntaxin and others) resulting in morphological and functional differentiation of neurons. Our findings identify a novel interaction between the telomeric protein TRF2 and REST which regulates the molecular differentiation program of neurons. Keywords: transfection and molecular inhibition
2007-07-01 | GSE6983 | GEO
Project description:Telomeres prevent ATM activation by sequestering chromosome termini within telomere loops (t-loops). Mitotic arrest promotes telomere linearity and a localized ATM-dependent telomere DNA damage response (DDR) through an unknown mechanism. Using unbiased interactomics, biochemical screening, molecular biology, and super-resolution imaging, we found that mitotic arrest-dependent (MAD) telomere deprotection requires the combined activities of the Chromosome passenger complex (CPC) on shelterin, and the BLM-TOP3A-RMI1/2 (BTR) complex on t-loops. During mitotic arrest, the CPC component Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) phosphorylated both the TRF1 hinge and TRF2 basic domains. Phosphorylation of the TRF1 hinge domain enhances CPC and TRF1 interaction through the CPC Survivin subunit. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of the TRF2 basic domain promotes telomere linearity, activates a telomere DDR dependent on BTR-mediated double Holliday junction dissolution, and leads to mitotic death. We identify that the TRF2 basic domain functions in mitosis-specific telomere protection and reveal a regulatory role for TRF1 in controlling a physiological ATM-dependent telomere DDR. The data demonstrate that MAD telomere deprotection is a sophisticated active mechanism that exposes telomere ends to signal mitotic stress.
2025-01-28 | PXD043281 | Pride
Project description:Gas exchange in the mammalian lung occurs in the alveolar sacs lined by epithelial cells that form a barrier allowing effective oxygen diffusion. Telomere syndromes have their most common manifestation in degenerative disease of the alveoli, both pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. We tested the role of telomere dysfunction by inducing deletion of the telomere binding protein Trf2 in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) that both express the gene encoding surfactant protein C and constitute the regenerative compartment of the alveolar epithelium. Acquired telomere dysfunction in these cells preferentially induced cellular senescence, and mouse lungs were marked by an inflammatory response even though the telomere dysfunction was restricted to the epithelium. Senescent AECs had altered gene expression that differentially fell in inflammatory cell signaling pathways. Bleomycin challenge was uniformly fatal, and Trf2-depleted cells failed to generate clonal alveolar colonies in vitro. The telomere dysfunction response in AEC2s was in part p53-dependent, and we found evidence of a p53-mediated paracrine survival signal to the mesenchyme. These data indicate that telomere dysfunction in the alveolar epithelium limits its regenerative capacity and is sufficient to induce inflammation. It may thus be a primary driving event in telomere-mediated lung disease. Efforts to restore epithelial regenerative capacity may be an effective approach in a subset of fibrosis and emphysema patients. We studied the gene expression changes in adult type II pneumocytes 7 days after deleting Trf2. Mice carried floxed allele of Trf2 and mTmG reporter allele. Type II pneumocytes were collected by FACs sorting GFP+ cells from lungs 7 days after administering tamoxifen. 6 total samples were analysed. Three were from control samples that were heterozygous for Trf2 and three samples had Trf2 deleted.
2015-04-20 | E-GEOD-56892 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cellular senescence is accompanied by profound changes in telomere and heterochromatin structure that contribute to ageing. Telomere shortening is a key driver of replicative senescence that activate DNA damage response signaling ending on a p53-dependent downregulation of the shelterin subunit TRF2. Restoring the levels of TRF2 in pre-senescent cells leads to delay entry into senescent and restoration of constitutive heterochromatin structure and damage. Here we set to determine whether the restoration of TRF2 levels change the senescent program by doing RNA-sequencing of senescent cells transduced with a TRF2-expressing lentivirus or an empty lentivirus control.
2022-06-27 | GSE160503 | GEO
Project description:Telomere end-protection by the shelterin complex prevents DNA damage signalling and promiscuous repair at chromosome ends. Evidence suggests that the 3’ single-stranded telomere end can assemble into a lasso-like t-loop configuration, which has been proposed to safeguard chromosome ends from being recognized as DNA double strand breaks. Mechanisms must also exist to transiently disassemble t-loops to allow faithful telomere replication and to permit telomerase access to the 3’-end to solve the end replication problem. However, the regulation and physiological importance of t-loops in end-protection remains uncertain. Here, we identify a CDK phosphorylation site in the shelterin subunit, TRF2 (Ser365), whose dephosphorylation in S-phase by the PP6C/R3 phosphatase provides a narrow window during which the helicase RTEL1 is able to transiently access and unwind t-loops to facilitate telomere replication. Re-phosphorylation of TRF2 on Ser365 outside of S-phase is required to release RTEL1 from telomeres, which not only protects t-loops from promiscuous unwinding and inappropriate ATM activation, but also counteracts replication conflicts at DNA secondary structures arising within telomeres and across the genome. Hence, a phospho-switch in TRF2 coordinates assembly and disassembly of t-loops during the cell cycle, which protects telomeres from replication stress and an unscheduled DNA damage response.
2019-11-25 | PXD014843 | Pride
Project description:Gas exchange in the mammalian lung occurs in the alveolar sacs lined by epithelial cells that form a barrier allowing effective oxygen diffusion. Telomere syndromes have their most common manifestation in degenerative disease of the alveoli, both pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. We tested the role of telomere dysfunction by inducing deletion of the telomere binding protein Trf2 in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) that both express the gene encoding surfactant protein C and constitute the regenerative compartment of the alveolar epithelium. Acquired telomere dysfunction in these cells preferentially induced cellular senescence, and mouse lungs were marked by an inflammatory response even though the telomere dysfunction was restricted to the epithelium. Senescent AECs had altered gene expression that differentially fell in inflammatory cell signaling pathways. Bleomycin challenge was uniformly fatal, and Trf2-depleted cells failed to generate clonal alveolar colonies in vitro. The telomere dysfunction response in AEC2s was in part p53-dependent, and we found evidence of a p53-mediated paracrine survival signal to the mesenchyme. These data indicate that telomere dysfunction in the alveolar epithelium limits its regenerative capacity and is sufficient to induce inflammation. It may thus be a primary driving event in telomere-mediated lung disease. Efforts to restore epithelial regenerative capacity may be an effective approach in a subset of fibrosis and emphysema patients. We studied the gene expression changes in adult type II pneumocytes 7 days after deleting Trf2. Mice carried floxed allele of Trf2 and mTmG reporter allele. Type II pneumocytes were collected by FACs sorting GFP+ cells from lungs 7 days after administering tamoxifen.
2015-04-20 | GSE56892 | GEO
Project description:Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. In humans, they consist of TTAGGG repeats, which are bound by dedicated proteins such as the shelterin complex. This complex consists of six proteins (TRF1, TRF2, RAP1, POT1, TPP1 and TIN2) and blocks unwanted DNA damage repair at telomeres, e.g. by suppressing non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) through its subunit TRF2. While shelterin does not work autonomously, additional direct telomere binding proteins have been described to function in a supplementary role. We here describe ZNF524, a zinc finger protein that directly binds to telomeric repeats with nanomolar affinity and reveal the base-specific sequence recognition by co-crystallization with telomeric DNA. ZNF524 localizes to telomeres and specifically maintains the presence of the TRF2/RAP1 subcomplex at telomeres without affecting the other shelterin members. Loss of ZNF524 concomitantly results in an increase in DNA damage signaling and recombination events. Overall, we identified ZNF524 as a direct telomere binding protein and propose that ZNF524 is involved in the maintenance of telomere integrity by promoting TRF2/RAP1 subcomplex binding.
2023-10-22 | PXD031416 | Pride
Project description:Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. In humans, they consist of TTAGGG repeats, which are bound by dedicated proteins such as the shelterin complex. This complex consists of six proteins (TRF1, TRF2, RAP1, POT1, TPP1 and TIN2) and blocks unwanted DNA damage repair at telomeres, e.g. by suppressing non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) through its subunit TRF2. While shelterin does not work autonomously, additional direct telomere binding proteins have been described to function in a supplementary role. We here describe ZNF524, a zinc finger protein that directly binds to telomeric repeats with nanomolar affinity and reveal the base-specific sequence recognition by co-crystallization with telomeric DNA. ZNF524 localizes to telomeres and specifically maintains the presence of the TRF2/RAP1 subcomplex at telomeres without affecting the other shelterin members. Loss of ZNF524 concomitantly results in an increase in DNA damage signaling and recombination events. Overall, we identified ZNF524 as a direct telomere binding protein and propose that ZNF524 is involved in the maintenance of telomere integrity by promoting TRF2/RAP1 subcomplex binding.
2023-10-21 | PXD024630 | Pride