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Nucleotide resolution profiling of m3C RNA modification by HAC-seq

ABSTRACT: Nucleotide resolution profiling of m3C RNA modification by HAC-seq

PROVIDER: PRJNA662378 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR12611934.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12611935.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12611936.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12611937.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12611938.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Nucleotide resolution profiling of m3C RNA modification by HAC-seq

Project description:We report a m3C-specific high-throughput sequencing techinque, Hydrazine-Aniline Cleavage sequencing (HAC-seq) to profile the m3C methylome at single-nucleotide resolution. We apply HAC-seq to analyze ribosomal RNA-depleted total RNA from MCF7 cells. We find that tRNA are the predominant m3C-modified RNA species. We find no evidence of m3C-modification of mRNA or other non-coding RNAs at comparable levels to tRNA in MCF7 cells.

2020-11-20 | GSE157682 | GEO

Nucleotide resolution profiling of m3C RNA modification by HAC-seq.

Project description:Cellular RNAs are subject to a myriad of different chemical modifications that play important roles in controlling RNA expression and function. Dysregulation of certain RNA modifications, the so-called 'epitranscriptome', contributes to human disease. One limitation in studying the functional, physiological, and pathological roles of the epitranscriptome is the availability of methods for the precise mapping of individual RNA modifications throughout the transcriptome. 3-Methylcytidine (m3C) modification of certain tRNAs is well established and was also recently detected in mRNA. However, methods for the specific mapping of m3C throughout the transcriptome are lacking. Here, we developed a m3C-specific technique, Hydrazine-Aniline Cleavage sequencing (HAC-seq), to profile the m3C methylome at single-nucleotide resolution. We applied HAC-seq to analyze ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-depleted total RNAs in human cells. We found that tRNAs are the predominant m3C-modified RNA species, with 17 m3C modification sites on 11 cytoplasmic and 2 mitochondrial tRNA isoacceptors in MCF7 cells. We found no evidence for m3C-modification of mRNA or other non-coding RNAs at comparable levels to tRNAs in these cells. HAC-seq provides a novel method for the unbiased, transcriptome-wide identification of m3C RNA modification at single-nucleotide resolution, and could be widely applied to reveal the m3C methylome in different cells and tissues.

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Transcriptome-wide mapping of N3-methylcytidine modification at single-base resolution

Project description:3-Methylcytidine (m3C), a prevalent modification of tRNAs, was recently identified in eukaryotic mRNAs. However, its precise distribution and formation mechanisms in mRNAs remain elusive. Here we develop a novel approach, m3C immunoprecipitation and sequencing (m3C-IP-seq), utilizing antibody enrichment to profile the m3C methylome at single-nucleotide resolution. m3C-IP-seq captures 12 m3C modification sites in cytoplasmic tRNA isoacceptors and 2 in mitochondrial tRNA isoacceptors. Moreover, m3C-IP-seq permits the comprehensive profiling of m3C sites in mRNAs and lncRNAs, with their presence reliant on a nuclear isoform of METTL8. A significant proportion of m3C sites is concentrated in the 3’ untranslated region (3’ UTR) of mRNAs. Additionally, m3C methylation is dynamic and responds to hypoxia. Functionally, m3C formation in the 3’ UTR is associated with mRNA degradation. Collectively, our data demonstrate the widespread presence of m3C modification in the human transcriptome and provide a resource for functional studies of m3C-mediated RNA metabolism.

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m3C HAC-Seq analysis in HEK293T WT cells, METTL2A/2B knockout cells, METTL6 knockout cells, METTL2A/2B/6 knockout cells.

Project description:The ‘epitranscriptome’ includes a diversity of RNA modifications that influence gene expression. N3-methylcytidine (m3C) mainly occurs in the anticodon loop (position C32) of certain tRNAs yet its role is poorly understood. Here, using HAC-Seq, we report comprehensive METTL2A/B-, METTL6-, and METTL2A/B/6-dependent m3C profiles in human cells. METTL2A/B modifies most tRNA-Arginine and tRNA-Threonine members, whereas METTL6 modifies the tRNA-Serine family. However, decreased m3C32 on tRNA-Ser-GCT isodecoders was only observed with combined METTL2A/B/6 deletion. Ribo-Seq revealed altered translation of genes related to cell cycle and DNA repair pathways in METTL2A/2B/6-deficient cells, and these mRNAs are enriched in AGU codons that require tRNA-Ser-GCT for translation. These results, supported by reporter assays, help explain the observed slowed proliferation, altered cell cycle, and increased Cisplatin-sensitivity phenotypes of METTL2A/B/6-deficient cells. Thus, we define METTL2A/B/6-dependent methylomes and uncover a particular requirement of m3C tRNA modification for Serine codon-biased mRNA translation of cell cycle, and DNA repair genes.

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METTL8 is required for 3-methylcytosine modification in human mitochondrial tRNAs

Project description:A subset of eukaryotic tRNAs is methylated in the anticodon loop to form the 3-methylcytosine (m3C) modification. In mammals, the number of tRNAs containing m3C has expanded to include mitochondrial (mt) tRNA-Ser-UGA and mt-tRNA-Thr-UGU. Whereas the enzymes catalyzing m3C formation in nuclear-encoded cytoplasmic tRNAs have been identified, the proteins responsible for m3C modification in mt-tRNAs are unknown. Here, we show that m3C formation in human mt-tRNAs is dependent upon the Methyltransferase-Like 8 (METTL8) enzyme. We find that METTL8 is a mitochondria-associated protein that interacts with mitochondrial seryl-tRNA synthetase along with mt-tRNAs containing m3C. Human cells deficient in METTL8 exhibit loss of m3C modification in mt-tRNAs but not nuclear-encoded tRNAs. Consistent with the mitochondrial import of METTL8, the formation of m3C in METTL8-deficient cells can be rescued by re-expression of wildtype METTL8 but not by a METTL8 variant lacking the N-terminal mitochondrial localization signal. Notably, METTL8-deficiency in human cells causes alterations in the native migration pattern of mt-tRNA-Ser-UGA suggesting a role for m3C in tRNA folding. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that METTL8 is required for m3C formation in mitochondrial tRNAs and uncover a potential role for m3C modification in mitochondrial tRNA structure.

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