Project description:Eph receptors and their ephrin ligands are viewed as promising targets for cancer treatment, however targeting them is hindered by their context-dependent functionalities. To circumvent this, we explored molecular landscapes underlying their pro- and anti-malignant activities. Using unbiased bioinformatics approaches, we constructed a cancer-related network of genetic interactions (GIs) of all Ephs and ephrins to assist their therapeutic manipulation. We also applied genome-wide genetic screening and BioID proteomics, and integrated them with machine learning approaches to select the most relevant GIs of one of Eph receptors, EPHB6. This revealed a crosstalk between EPHB6 and EGFR, and further experiments confirmed EPHB6 ability to modulate EGFR signaling, enhancing both proliferation of cancer cells and tumor development. Taken together, our observations identify a new mechanism of action of EPHB6, suggesting its targeting might be beneficial in EGFR-dependent tumors, and confirm that Eph family genetic interactome presented here can be effectively exploited in developing new treatment approaches.
Project description:We studied how crosstalk with AT1-like cells affects transcriptome of disseminated dormant breast cancer cells and the requirement of EphB6 expression in the cancer cells for this genetic program
Project description:We studied how crosstalk with disseminated dormant breast cancer cells affects transcriptome of AT1-like cells and the requirement of EphB6 expression in the cancer cells for this genetic program
Project description:Aberrant activities of fourteen Eph receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their eight ephrin ligands are often observed in human malignancies, where they control cancer development, progression, and aggressiveness. While multiple attempts have been made to target Eph receptors in tumors, their effectiveness has been hindered by distinct contexts in which these proteins operate to enhance or suppress the disease. One of the strategies to overcoming this challenge is to define the molecular landscape/genetic interactions (GIs) associated with pro- and anti-malignant activities of Ephs and ephrins, as this should outline context-specific genetic dependencies associated with these molecules. Here, we used a multi-step bioinformatics analysis of the TCGA database and the DepMap gene essentiality data from cancer cell lines to construct a network of GIs of Ephs and ephrins in human malignancies. Validation of the relevance of this network was centered on an unusual Eph receptor EPHB6, which is innately kinase-incompetent, but nevertheless, actively controls aggressiveness and tumor initiation in several cancer types. To select the most relevant GI from the generated network, we performed genome-wide screening and EPHB6 BioID analysis. While, the BioID approach pointed towards EPHB6 interactions with several RTKs, including all kinase-active members of the EGFR/ErbB class, its integration with shRNA screening and computationally predicted GIs, unambiguously pointed towards EGFR as a key EPHB6 partner. Indeed, our further experiments confirmed EPHB6 interactions with all kinase-competent ErbBs, including EGFR, and revealed its ability to modulate EGF-induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling. This ultimately, enhanced proliferation of cancer cells, culminating in efficient tumor development. In agreement, we found high levels of EGFR to positively correlate with higher EPHB6 expression in several tumor types. Taken together, these observations indicate that EPHB6 should serve as an effective target in tumors with high EGFR levels and that co-targeting these receptors might provide therapeutic benefits. More importantly, these experiments provide a strong support for the relevance of our computational strategy and suggest that the generated network describing GIs of Eph receptors and their ligands is a valuable resource that can be used for developing new treatment approaches aiming to hunt these proteins in human malignancies.
Project description:Eph kinases constitute the largest receptor tyrosine kinase family, and their ligands, ephrins (Efns), are also cell surface molecules. Our purpose is to compare the expression levels of genes in adrenal gland chromaffin cells in EphB6 KO and WT male/female/castrated mice.
Project description:Purpose: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a worldwide concern and devastating psychiatric disease. The World Health Organization claims that MDD leads to at least 11.9% of the global burden of disease. However, the underlying pathophysiology mechanisms of MDD remain largely unknown. Experimental design: Herein, we used a proteomic-based strategy to compare the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model mice with a control group. Based on pooled samples, differential proteins were identified in the PFC proteome using iTRAQ coupled with LC-MS/MS. Results: Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was then followed to predict relevant pathways, with the ephrin receptor signaling pathway selected for further research. Additionally, as the selected key proteins of the ephrin receptor signaling pathway, ephrin type-B receptor 6 (EphB6) and the ERK pathway were validated by western blotting. Conclusion and clinical relevant: Altogether, increased understanding of the ephrin receptor signaling pathway in MDD is provided, which implicates further investigation of PFC dysfunction induced by CSDS treatment.
Project description:Migratory cells exist in the heart, such as immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, etc. During my-ocardium injury, such as ischemia-reperfusion (MIRI), cells migrate to the site of injury to perform repair functions. However, excessive aggregation of these cells may exacerbate damage to the structure and function of the heart, such as acute myocarditis and myocardial fibrosis. Myocardial injury releases exosomes, which are a type of vesicle with signal transduction function and the miRNA carried by exosomes can control cell migration function. Therefore, regulating this migratory cell population through cardiac-derived exosomal miRNA is crucial for protecting and maintaining cardiac function. Through whole transcriptome RNA sequencing, exosomal miRNA sequencing and single-cell dataset analysis, we (1) determined the potential molecular regulatory role of the lncRNA‒miRNA‒mRNA axis and an important lncRNA (MSTRG.91411.6) in MIRI, (2) screened four important exosomal miRNAs that could be released by cardiac tissue, and (3) screened seven genes related to cell locomo-tion that are regulated by four miRNAs, among which Tradd and Ephb6 may be specific for promoting migration of different cells of myocardial tissue in myocardial infarct. We generated a core miRNA‒mRNA network based on the functions of the target genes, which may be not only a target for cardiac repair but also a potential diagnostic marker for interactions between the heart and other tissues or or-gans. In conclusion, we elucidated the potential mechanism of MIRI in cardiac remodeling from the perspective of cell migration, and inhibition of cellular overmigration based on this network may pro-vide new therapeutic targets for MIRI and to prevent MIRI from developing into other diseases.