Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA687781 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR13309800_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13309800_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13309900_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13309900_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13309801_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Ecological speciation is a common mechanism by which new species arise. Despite great efforts, the role of gene expression in ecological divergence and speciation is poorly understood. Here, we conducted a genome-wide gene expression investigation of two Oryza species that are evolutionarily young and distinct in ecology and morphology. Using digital gene expression (DGE) technology and the paired-end RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) method, we obtained 21,415 expressed genes across three reproduction-related tissues at two critical developmental stages. Of them, ~8% (1717) differed significantly in expression levels between the two species and these differentially expressed genes are randomly distributed across the genome. Moreover, 62% (1064) of the differentially expressed genes exhibited a signature of directional selection in at least one species. Importantly, the genes with differential expression between species evolved more rapidly at the 5â??flanking sequences than the genes without differential expression relative to coding sequences, suggesting that cis-regulatory changes are likely adaptive and play an important role in the ecological divergence of the two species. Finally, we showed evidence of significant differentiation between species in phenotype traits and observed that genes with differential expression were overrepresented with functional terms involving phenotypic and ecological differentiation between the two species, including reproduction- and stress-related characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that ecological speciation is associated with widespread and adaptive alterations in genome-wide gene expression and highlight the dominant role of regulatory evolution in ecological divergence and adaptation. We selected accessions representing typical Oryza rufipogon and O. nivara, which were sampled exclusively from South and Southeast Asia where the two species overlap. We chose to collect three types of tissues, i.e., flag leaves at the heading stage (2â??7 cm above the primary branch) (L), panicles at the heading stage (H) and panicles at the flowering stage (10â??15 cm above the primary branch) (F). Sample collection was repeated twice in two consecutive years (2009 and 2010) under the same controlled conditions. A total of 36 samples were sequenced by Illuminaâ??s digital gene expression (DGE) system, with each type of tissues collected from six individuals of each species as biological replicates. To access the quality of DGE technology, we also selected six samples representing three tissues from each of two individuals (one individual per species) for paired-end RNA-Seq sequencing.
2016-07-17 | E-GEOD-71044 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Understanding the conditions that promote the evolution of reproductive isolation, and thus speciation. Here we empirically test some of the key predictions of speciation theory (Coyne 2004; Kohn 2005) by experimentally evolving the initial stages of speciation in yeast. After allowing replicate populations to adapt to two divergent environments, we observed the consistent, de novo evolution of two forms of postzygotic isolation: reduced rate of mitotic reproduction and reduced efficiency of meiotic reproduction. In general, divergent selection resulted in greater reproductive isolation than parallel selection, as predicted by ecological speciation theory. Our experimental system allowed for the first controlled comparison of the relative importance of ecological and genetic mechanisms of isolation, and the novel ability to quantify the effects of antagonistic epistasis. For mitotic reproduction, hybrid inferiority was conditional upon the selective environments and was both ecological and genetic in basis. In contrast, isolation associated with meiotic reproduction was unconditional and was caused solely by genetic mechanisms. Overall, our results show that adaption to divergent environments promotes the evolution of isolation through antagonistic epistasis, providing evidence of a plausible common avenue to speciation and adaptive radiation in nature (Schluter 2000,2001: Funk 2006) Keywords: Speciation, antagonistic epistasis, divergent adaptation
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Project description:The genus Helianthemum, commonly known as rockroses, encompasses 140 species primarily distributed in the Palearctic region, with notable diversification driven by climatic and geological changes. These plants are valuable for studying speciation processes and ecological divergence. The chemical properties of the leaves have also been investigated for containing valuable bioactive compounds with several therapeutic properties. However, the availability of genomic resources for species in this genus are almost entirely lacking. Here, we assembled and annotated the first reference transcriptome of Helianthemum marifolium, a species with wide morphological variability and infraspecific diversity. Illumina paired-end RNA sequences were generated using leaves from 16 individuals, representing the four recognized subspecies, all cultivated in a greenhouse. RNA reads were assembled with Trinity and Oases, and EvidentialGene produced a transcriptome with 122,002 transcripts. The transcriptome showed 59524 hits on the UniProtBK database through BLASTx. This transcriptome will be an invaluable resource for transcriptome-level population studies, conservation genetics of the many endangered species within the genus, and for deepen into the metabolic pathways of leaf-derived compounds.
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Project description:Homoploid hybrid speciation in a marine pelagic fish
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Project description:Ecological speciation is a common mechanism by which new species arise. Despite great efforts, the role of gene expression in ecological divergence and speciation is poorly understood. Here, we conducted a genome-wide gene expression investigation of two Oryza species that are evolutionarily young and distinct in ecology and morphology. Using digital gene expression (DGE) technology and the paired-end RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) method, we obtained 21,415 expressed genes across three reproduction-related tissues at two critical developmental stages. Of them, ~8% (1717) differed significantly in expression levels between the two species and these differentially expressed genes are randomly distributed across the genome. Moreover, 62% (1064) of the differentially expressed genes exhibited a signature of directional selection in at least one species. Importantly, the genes with differential expression between species evolved more rapidly at the 5’flanking sequences than the genes without differential expression relative to coding sequences, suggesting that cis-regulatory changes are likely adaptive and play an important role in the ecological divergence of the two species. Finally, we showed evidence of significant differentiation between species in phenotype traits and observed that genes with differential expression were overrepresented with functional terms involving phenotypic and ecological differentiation between the two species, including reproduction- and stress-related characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that ecological speciation is associated with widespread and adaptive alterations in genome-wide gene expression and highlight the dominant role of regulatory evolution in ecological divergence and adaptation.
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Project description:To explore how brains change upon species evolution, we generated the first whole central brain comparative single-cell transcriptomic atlases of three closely-related but ecologically-distinct drosophilids: D. melanogaster, D. simulans and D. sechellia. D. melanogaster and D. simulans are cosmopolitan generalists, while the island endemic D. sechellia exhibits extreme niche specialism on the ripe noni fruit of the Morinda citrifolia shrub. The global cellular composition of central brains is well-conserved in the three Drosophila species, but we predicted a few cell types (perineurial glia, sNPF and Dh44 neurons) with divergent frequencies. Gene expression analysis revealed that distinct cell types within the central brain evolve at different rates and patterns; notably, several glial cell types exhibit the greatest divergence between species. Compared to D. melanogaster, the cellular composition and gene expression patterns of the central brain in D. sechellia displays greater deviation than those of D. simulans, indicating that the distinctive ecological specialization of D. sechellia is reflected in the structure and function of its brain. Gene expression changes in D. sechellia encompass metabolic and ecdysone signaling genes, indicative of adaptations to its novel ecological demands. Additional single-cell transcriptomic analysis on D. sechellia revealed genes and cell types responsive to noni juice supplementation, showing glial cells as key sites for both physiological and genetic adaptation to novel conditions. Our comparative transcriptomic atlases of drosophilid brains will provide an entry point to more broadly study the evolvability of nervous systems across and beyond the Drosophila genus.
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