Project description:Neurospora intermedia is a heterothallic filamentous ascomycete. In this study we use microarray technology to study the difference in gene expression between vegetative growth and early reproductive development. Neurospora intermedia FGSC#8882 mat-A and FGSC#8782 mat-a. Solid synthetic crossing medium (SCM) was used as a nutrient regime before sampling and processing. Two different conditions were sampled: vegetative mycelial tissue and young reproductive mycelial tissue.
Project description:Dimorphic fungi have the ability to change morphology during their lifecycle, a crucial feature for the establishment of infection and fungal growth and development in planta. Life cycle of the dimorphic sugarcane smut fungi, Sporisorium scitamineum, involves recognition and mating of compatible saprophytic yeast-like haploid sporidia (MAT-1 and MAT-2) that upon fusion, develop into infective dikaryotic mycelia. Although the dimorphic transition is intrinsically linked with the pathogenicity and virulence of S. scitamineum, it has never been studied using a proteomics approach. In the present study, an iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of three distinct stages covering the dimorphic transition period - haploid sporidial stage (MAT-1 and MAT-2) to the transition phase (24 hours post co-culturing (hpc)) and dikaryotic mycelial stage (48 hpc) was carried out. Functional categorization showed that the most altered biological processes were energy production, primary metabolism especially carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid, followed by translation, post-translation and protein turnover. The identified proteins could be grouped into 8 distinct clusters with different trends in abundance. Enrichment analysis of the clusters showed that biological processes related to energy production through oxidative phosphorylation, citrate cycle, and β-oxidation, transcription, translation and redox homeostasis were specifically altered. In addition, an overall downregulation of carbohydrate metabolism and reprogrammed amino acid metabolism were observed. Several differentially abundant proteins (DAPs), especially in the dikaryotic mycelial stage were predicted as effectors. Taken together, key molecular mechanisms underpinning the dimorphic transition in S. scitamineum at the proteome level were highlighted. A catalogue of stage-specific and dimorphic transition-associated -proteins and potential effectors identified herein are potential candidates for defective mutant screening to elucidate their functional role in the dimorphic transition and pathogenicity in S. scitamineum.
Project description:Hymenoscyphus linearis isolate chi01 was grown on potato dextrose broth for 3 weeks. RNA was extracted from the mycelial mat and the library was prepared with TruSeq Stranded mRNA LT Sample Prep Kit and sequenced with HiSeq 2500 (2x100 bp).
Project description:Hymenoscyphus koreanus F52847-1 was grown on potato dextrose broth for 3 weeks. RNA was extracted from the mycelial mat and the library was prepared with TruSeq Stranded mRNA LT Sample Prep Kit and sequenced with HiSeq 2500 (2x100 bp).
Project description:Amplicon-based fungal metagenomic sequencing for the identification of fungal species in brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease. The study consists in 14 samples, sequenced using Illumina's paired-end technology.
Project description:This experiment was designed to analyze transcriptional changes that occur when the fungal plant pathogen M. grisea is shifted from a complete media to a nitrogen-starved media. Comparisons were made in the following way between fungal mycelial grown in minimal media supplemented with a nitrogen source (MM+N) and minimal media without a nitrogen source (NS) Keywords: parallel sample
Project description:This experiment was designed to analyze transcriptional changes that occur when the fungal plant pathogen M. grisea is shifted from a complete media to a nitrogen-starved media. Comparisons were made in the following way between fungal mycelial grown in minimal media supplemented with a nitrogen source (MM+N) and minimal media without a nitrogen source (NS) Keywords: parallel sample
Project description:Arthrobotrys oligospora, a widely distributed nematode-trapping fungus, utilises adhesive mycelial nets (traps) to capture nematodes. As key components of the MAPK cascade, Sho1 and Opy2 are critical in the fungal stress response. This study examined the roles of homologous Sho1 (AoSho1) and Opy2 (AoOpy2) through gene knockdown, phenotypic analysis, and multi-omics approaches. The results revealed that knockdown of Aosho1 and Aoopy2 led to reduced mycelial growth, a significant decrease in spore production, trap formation, and nematode predation capacity. Furthermore, deletion of Aosho1 and Aoopy2 increased autophagic activity and heightened sensitivity to osmotic stress. Transcriptome analysis indicated that AoOpy2 functions as a multifaceted regulator in fungal growth, development, and environmental adaptation. Metabolomics data also suggested that AoSho1 and AoOpy2 are involved in several metabolic pathways. In conclusion, AoSho1 and AoOpy2 are essential for mycelial growth, osmoregulation, and the pathogenicity of A. oligospora. This study lays the groundwork for understanding the roles and potential mechanisms of the MAPK signalling pathway in the development and pathogenicity of nematode-trapping fungi.
Project description:Fungal species are typically either fully self-fertile or self-sterile, but some filamentous ascomycetes can transition from self-fertility to self-sterility through unidirectional mating-type switching. In these fungi, the structure of the mating-type (MAT1) locus governs sexual behaviour: MAT-2 self-fertile individuals retain both MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 genes, while MAT-1 self-sterile isolates lose MAT1-2 genes during switching. A third type of isolate morphology also occurs under laboratory conditions: these are self-sterile isolates that retain both MAT1-1 and MAT1-2, but are unable to switch mating type. They are commonly referred to as MAT-2 self-sterile isolates. Two of the mating-type (MAT) genes, one of which is deleted during switching, encode transcription factors known to regulate not only the sexual cycle but also genes unrelated to mating. To test how MAT1 structural variations affects gene expression, we studied Ceratocystis albifundus, a species that switches mating type. To minimise variability caused by intraspecific genetic differences, two self-sterile isolates (MAT-1 and MAT-2 self-steriles) were derived from the same MAT-2 self-fertile parent, making all three isolates genetically identical, except at the MAT1 locus. Comparative transcriptomic analyses revealed that the MAT-2 self-fertile, MAT-1 self-sterile and MAT-2 self-sterile isolates all exhibited distinct expression patterns, including differences in MAT genes, the pheromone–receptor pathway, and other genes not directly linked to mating. The results show that MAT1 locus structure influences gene expression more broadly than those only related to the sexual cycle.