Project description:In this randomised placebo-controlled trial, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients were treated with faecal material from a healthy donor (n=8, allogenic FMT) or with their own faecal microbiota (n=8, autologous FMT). The faecal transplant was administered by whole colonoscopy into the caecum (30 g of stool in 150 ml sterile saline). Two weeks before the FMT (baseline) as well as two and eight weeks after the FMT, the participants underwent a sigmoidoscopy, and biopsies were collected at a standardised location (20-25 cm from the anal verge at the crossing with the arteria iliaca communis) from an uncleansed sigmoid. In patients treated with allogenic FMT, predominantly immune response-related genes sets were induced, with the strongest response two weeks after FMT. In patients treated with autologous FMT, predominantly metabolism-related gene sets were affected.
Project description:<p>Canine Cutaneous and Renal Glomerular Vasculopathy (CRGV) is a fatal idiopathic disease that has resulted in the death of ~ 330 dogs in the UK since 2012. The disease is characterised by cutaneous lesions/ulcerations on the distal extremities, vasculitis of the glomerular arteries and acute kidney injury. Here we characterised the faecal metabolome of CRGV-affected dogs and medically healthy (MH) dogs using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A total of 0.2 g of faeces from CRGV-affected (<strong><em>n</em></strong> = 31) and MH (<strong><em>n</em></strong> = 48) dogs, homogenised, and vortexed until no visible particles could be observed. The samples were run on a 700 MHz Bruker NMR spectrometer equipped with a cryoprobe and a SampleJet autosampler maintained at 4°C. A principal component analysis revealed distinct clustering of MH samples, while CRGV-affected samples were more distributed across the scores plot. In addition, an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (Q2Y = 0.24; <strong><em>p</em></strong> = 0.01) revealed distinct differences in the metabolite profiles between cohorts, with several metabolites associated with early-onset starvation (choline, valine, alanine, methylsuccinic acid) being highly represented in CRGV-affected dogs.</p>
