Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA700075 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR13679400_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13679400_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13679500_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13679500_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13679600_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
Items per page: 5 1 - 5 of 1136 |
Similar Datasets
Project description:Upon pathogenic infection, drosophila larval host mounts an immune response. Parasitic wasps inject venom that contain virulence factors during oviposition, which can elicit host immune response, and in some cases, suppress host immune responses altogether. Several microarray experiments have been performed on different classes of parasitic wasps. We wanted to compare how Ganaspis xanthopoda-infected hosts respond compared to other classes of parasitic wasps.
2010-11-23 | GSE25522 | GEO
Project description:Upon pathogenic infection, drosophila larval host mounts an immune response. Parasitic wasps inject venom that contain virulence factors during oviposition, which can elicit host immune response, and in some cases, suppress host immune responses altogether. Several microarray experiments have been performed on different classes of parasitic wasps. We wanted to compare how Ganaspis xanthopoda-infected hosts respond compared to other classes of parasitic wasps. Third instar y w larvae from a 2-day egglay were infected with G. xanthopoda for three and six hours, respectively, by introducing waps in petri-dish containing larvae. Controls were handled side-by-side without introducing wasps. Host larvae were immediately dissected, infection confirmed by presence of wasp egg, and frozen in liquid nitrogen and ground in Trizol. RNA was isolated and checked by agarose gel-electrophoresis. Samples were then sent to the Microarray Core Facility at Weill Cornell Medical College.
2010-11-23 | E-GEOD-25522 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Parasitoid wasps are one of the most species-rich groups of animals on Earth, due to their ability to successfully develop as parasites of nearly all types of insects. Unlike most known parasitoid wasps that specialize within one or a few host species, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is a generalist that can survive within multiple genera of tephritid fruit fly hosts, including many globally important pest species. D. longicaudata has therefore been widely released to suppress pest populations as part of biological control efforts in tropical and subtropical agricultural systems. In this study, we investigated the role of a mutualistic poxvirus in shaping the host range of D. longicaudata across three genera of agricultural pest species: two of which are permissive hosts for D. longicaudata parasitism and one that is a nonpermissive host. We found that permissive hosts Ceratitis capitata and Bactrocera dorsalis were highly susceptible to virus infection, displaying rapid virus replication and abundant fly mortality. However, the nonpermissive host Zeugodacus cucurbitae largely overcame virus infection, exhibiting substantially lower mortality and no virus replication. Further investigation of transcriptional dynamics during virus infection demonstrated hindered viral gene expression and limited changes in fly gene expression within the nonpermissive host compared to the permissive species, indicating that the host range of the viral symbiont may dictate the host range of D. longicaudata wasps. These findings also reveal that viral symbiont activity may be a major contributor to the success of D. longicaudata as a generalist parasitoid species and a globally successful biological control agent.
2024-03-24 | GSE228918 | GEO
Project description:Goal: Natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster vary widely in their capacity to resist infection by the parasitic wasp Leptopilina boulardi. To date, little is known about the genetic, cellular and molecular basis underpinning the variation in susceptibility to parasitic wasps. In D.melanogaster populations artificially selected for parasitoid resistance, an increase in the number of circulating hemocytes (blood cells) is observed. One possibility is that this is accompanied by changes in hemocyte activation state, resulting in a successful defence response when exposed to parasitic wasps. We tested this possibility by generating populations that are highly resistant and highly susceptible to the parasitic wasps. We generated these populations after 26 generations of experimental evolution, starting from a single interbred wild caught population. Here, we study how selection for resistance to the parasitic wasp L. boulardi changes the number and type of circulating hemocytes in D. melanogaster larvae using scRNA-seq. Methods: Wild caught D. melanogaster females were collected from Cambridge, UK, to establish an outbreed population. From this, three replicated populations were selected for resistance to L. boulardi strain NSRef for 26 generations (Selection). Another three populations were maintained in the laboratory for 26 generations without being exposed to parasitoid-associated selection pressures (No Selection). At generation 26, second instar D. melanogaster larvae (48-63 hours after fertilization) from each population were infected with L. boulardi for three hours (Infection) or maintained without infection (No infection). 48 hours after, circulating hemocytes from third instar D. melanogaster larvae (96-111 hours after fertilization) from each population were collected in PBS and cleaned in OptiPrep solution (1.09g/ml). 10X Single Cell GEX v2 libraries were prepared and sequenced. CellRanger v2 was used to generate sample cell count matrices. Seurat v3 was used to integrate, normalise and cluster the cell types. Results: We identified novel plasmatocyte cell types, immature and mature lamellocytes and crystal cells. We identify a single lineage of cellular differentiation starting from a self-cycling plasmatocyte population, enriched for genes involved in extracellular matrix organisation, and ending in a mature lamellocyte population that has enriched expression of genes involved in signalling, hemostasis and gluconeogenesis. Immature lamellocytes were overrepresented in populations selected for resistance to parasitoids. Infection with parasitoid resulted in an increase in both immature and mature lamellocytes in circulation. Conclusions: Selection for resistance to the parasitic wasps resulted in the constitutive activation of the D. melanogaster immune system, where plasmatocytes differentiate into immature lamellocytes even where they are not exposed to parasitic wasps. We speculate these constitutive changes assist in mounting a successful defence response when exposed to parasitic wasps.
2020-12-30 | GSE148826 | GEO
Project description:Dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are obligate parasitic plants that obtain water and nutrients from the stems of host plants via specialized feeding structures called haustoria. Dodder haustoria facilitate bi-directional movement of viruses, proteins, and mRNAs between host and parasite, but the functional effects of these movements are not clear. Here we show that C. campestris haustoria accumulate high levels of many novel microRNAs (miRNAs) while parasitizing Arabidopsis thaliana hosts. Many of these miRNAs are 22 nts long, a usually rare size of plant miRNA associated with amplification of target silencing through secondary small interfering RNA (siRNA) production. Several A. thaliana mRNAs are targeted by C. campestris 22 nt miRNAs during parasitism, resulting in high levels of secondary siRNA production. The targeted mRNAs function in hormone perception, pathogen-defense signaling, phloem function, and stem-cell identity. Homologs of these target mRNAs from diverse plants also have high-confidence complementary sites to C. campestris miRNAs, suggesting that homologous mRNAs are targeted by C. campestris across its very broad host range. These data show that C. campestris miRNAs act as trans-species regulators of host gene expression, and suggest that they may act as virulence factors during parasitism.
2017-12-18 | GSE84955 | GEO
Project description:Parasitic isopods perforate and attach to the host integument via the mandibles, then feed on hemolymph and exudate from the wounds. Such isopods attack a variety of commercially important fish and crustacean hosts. Like other hematophagous parasites, isopods employ biomolecules that inhibit host blood conglutination and defense. In the present study, a tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in Tachaea chinensis parasites of shrimp, by comparing parasitic (fed) and pre-parasitic (unfed) individuals. We identified 888 proteins from 1510 total peptides, with a significant difference in 129 between the fed and unfed groups. Among these, 37 were upregulated and 92 were downregulated in unfed T. chinensis. This indicates that T. chinensis may require more energy before parasitism during its search for a host. In addition, as is the case for other blood-sucking parasites, it might secrete antihemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory molecules to facilitate blood meal acquisition. Our study is the first to use a TMT-based proteomic approach to analyze the proteome of isopod parasites, and our results will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of isopod parasitism on crustaceans.
2020-05-26 | PXD015247 | Pride
Project description:The evolution of parasitism is a recurring event in the history of life and a core question in evolutionary biology. Trypanosomatids are important parasites including the human pathogens Trypanosoma brucei, T. cruzi and Leishmania spp., which have evolved complex life cycles to exploit a series of defined host environments after diverging from free-living, phagotrophic bodonids. However, the origins of genomic adaptations for transmission, disease and pathogenesis remain obscure because there has been no genomic comparison of parasitic and free-living species. Addressing this absence, we have produced a genome sequence for Bodo saltans, the closest known non-parasitic relative of trypanosomatids. Here we show how genomic reduction and innovation contributed to the character of trypanosomatid genomes. We find that despite a genetic ‘streamlining’ of diverse physiological functions, including macromolecular degradation and cellular homeostasis, the origin of trypanosomatid parasitism did not lead to a substantial reduction in genome function. Instead, we observe dramatic elaboration of gene families that facilitate host-parasite interactions and pathogenesis. We also show how parasite-specific proteins that characterize the enigmatic cell surfaces of Trypanosoma and Leishmania were derived from the same ancestral proteins, still represented in B. saltans. Our new evidence distinguishes adaptive innovations of trypanosomatids that post-date their parasitic origin from essentially kinetoplastid legacies of a free-living past. It shows that when the labile environment of a phagotrophic ancestor was replaced by the defined conditions of their various hosts, trypanosomatid physiology was reoriented towards host interaction, and ancestral structures were radically transformed to provide adaptations for obligate parasitism.
2018-10-24 | PXD002628 | Pride
Project description:Chelonus formosanus is an important parasitic natural enemy of Lepidopteran insects and has great value in the biological control of insect pests. To screen the reference genes in the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assay of Chelonus formosanus, six candidate reference genes were selected based on transcriptome data, including GAPDH, ACT, TU, TF, HSP, and RP. The expression stability of these six internal reference genes was determined by qRT-PCR in different tissues (head, chest, abdomen) and at different temperatures (11℃and 41℃), as well as with two insecticides (dinotefuran and chlorantraniliprole).
2024-12-14 | GSE283846 | GEO
Project description:Sorghum bicolor is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, predominantly grown in sub‑Saharan Africa by smallholder farmers. Despite its outstanding resilience to abiotic stresses, approximately 20% of sorghum yield is annually lost on the African continent due to infestation with the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica. Existing Striga management strategies to decrease Striga infestation often show low efficiency and are not easily integrated into current agricultural practices. Microbial-based solutions may prove an effective, low-cost mode for reducing Striga parasitism in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, we demonstrate that the microbiome component of a field soil suppresses Striga infection of sorghum. Potential mechanisms underlying the soil microbiome’s influence on the host plant include root endodermal suberization and aerenchyma formation. Moreover, we observed a depletion of haustorium inducing factors, compounds essential for Striga to establish the host-parasite association, in root exudates collected from sorghum grown in the presence of the soil microbiome as compared to sterile conditions. We further identified individual microbial taxa associated with reduced Striga infection via changes in root cellular anatomy and differentiation as well as in exudate composition. Our study identifies a suite of traits that can be harnessed by individual microbial isolates or their consortia to induce Striga resistance. Combining microbes that elicit Striga resistance directly (affecting the parasite) via repression of haustorium formation with those that act indirectly (affecting the host), by reducing of Striga penetration through root tissue, can broaden the effectiveness of microbe-induced protection from Striga.
2022-10-31 | GSE216351 | GEO