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A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes [miRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes [miRNA-seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA704365 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR13771119.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13771120.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13771121.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13771122.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13771123.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes

Project description:A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes

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A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes [S0]

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A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes [miRNA-seq]

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Flavivirus induces and antagonizes antiviral RNA interference in both mammals and mosquitoes

Project description:Mosquito-borne flaviviruses maintain life cycles in mammals and mosquitoes. RNA interference (RNAi) has been demonstrated as an anti-flavivirus mechanism in mosquitoes; however, whether and how flavivirus induces and antagonizes RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity in mammals remains unknown. Here we showed that NS2A of Dengue virus-2 (DENV2) act as a viral suppressor of RNAi (VSR). When NS2A-mediated RNAi suppression was disabled, the resulting mutant DENV2 induced Dicer-dependent production of abundant DENV2-derived siRNAs in differentiated mammalian cells. Importantly, VSR-disabled DENV2 showed severe replication defects in mosquito and mammalian cells, and mice, which were rescued by the deficiency of RNAi. Moreover, NS2As of multiple flaviviruses act as VSRs in vitro and during viral infection in both organisms. Overall, our findings demonstrate that antiviral RNAi can be induced by flavivirus, while flavivirus uses NS2A as bona fide VSR to evade RNAi in mammals and mosquitoes, highlighting the importance of RNAi in flaviviral vector-host life cycles.

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A human blood-derived microRNA facilitates flavivirus infection in fed mosquitoes

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

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Transcription profiling of female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes blood fed on mice infected with P. berghei and treated with chloroquine or untreated

Project description:The effect of chloroquine on mosquitoes transcript abundance was assayed by comparing gene expression between mosquitoes fed on a blood meal containing 50 mg/Kg of chloroquine and those that had fed on a normal blood meal. Pools of 50 midguts were dissected and were hybridize with MMC1 (or 20K) microarrays. <br><br>Anopheles gambiae female mosquitoes were blood fed on BALB/c mice infected with P. berghei and intraperitonally pre-treated with 50 mg/kg of chloroquine. As controls, mosquitoes were blood fed on untreated P. berghei infected mice.<br><br>Mosquitoes were collected 24 hours post-blood feeding and pools of 50 midguts were dissected and processed for hybridization with MMC1 (or 20K) microarrays.Two different biological experiments were performed for each treatment.

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TMEM41B is a pan-flavivirus host factor

Project description:Flaviviruses pose a constant threat to human health. These RNA viruses are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes and ticks and regularly cause outbreaks. To identify host factors required for flavivirus infection we performed full-genome loss of function CRISPR-Cas9 screens. Based on these results we focused our efforts on characterizing the roles that TMEM41B and VMP1 play in the virus replication cycle. Our mechanistic studies on TMEM41B revealed that all members of the Flaviviridae family that we tested require TMEM41B. We tested 12 additional virus families and found that SARS-CoV-2 of the Coronaviridae also required TMEM41B for infection. Remarkably, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present at nearly twenty percent in East Asian populations reduce flavivirus infection. Based on our mechanistic studies we propose that TMEM41B is recruited to flavivirus RNA replication complexes to facilitate membrane curvature, which creates a protected environment for viral genome replication.

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Project description:Mosquitoes transmit many flaviviruses of global public health significance. Efficient viral transmission to mammalian hosts requires mosquito salivary factors that modulate local host responses, such as recruitment of virus-permissive myeloid cells to the bite sites. However, the specific salivary components facilitating viral transmission and their mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that a female mosquito salivary gland-specific protein, named Aedes aegypti Neutrophil Recruitment Protein (AaNRP), acts as a key salivary component to facilitate the transmission of Zika (ZIKV) and dengue (DENV) viruses. AaNRP promotes a rapid influx of neutrophils followed by virus-susceptible myeloid cells toward mosquito bite sites, which facilitate establishment of local infection and systemic dissemination. Mechanistically, AaNRP engages TLR1 and TLR4 of skin resident macrophages and activates MyD88-dependent NF-κB signaling to induce the expression of neutrophil chemoattractants. Inhibition of MyD88-NF-κB with dietary resveratrol, a phytochemical, neutralizes the AaNRP effects, thus reducing flavivirus transmission by mosquitoes. This study offers mechanistic insight into saliva-aided viral transmission and provides a potential prophylactic target.

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