A novel vitronectin peptide facilitates differentiation of oligodendrocytes from human embryonic stem cells (Synthetic ECM for oligodendrocyte differentiation)
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA727225 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR14416902_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416902_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416903_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416903_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416904_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Differentiation of oligodendrocytes (ODs) presents a challenge in regenerative medicine due to their role in various neurological diseases associated with dysmyelination and demyelination. Here, we designed a peptide derived from vitronectin (VN) using in silico docking simulation and examined its use as a synthetic substrate to support the differentiation of ODs derived from human embryonic stem cells.
2021-05-05 | GSE173826 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system, are essential for correct brain function. They originate from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) through a differentiation process which is only incompletely understood and impaired in a variety of demyelinating diseases. Better knowledge of this differentiation holds the promise to develop novel therapies for these disorders. We investigated the differentiation of rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells to oligodendrocytes in vitro. After confirmation of differentiation by immunohistochemical analysis using cell type-specific marker proteins, we conducted a quantitative proteomics study using tandem mass tags (TMT). We investigated four time points of differentiation covering early, intermediate, and late stages. Data analysis was perfomed using Mascot and Maxquant.
2019-06-21 | PXD012544 | Pride
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| S-EPMC8698880 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Oligodendrocytes undergo extensive changes as they differentiate from progenitors into myelinating cells. To better understand the; molecular mechanisms underlying this transformation, we performed a comparative analysis using gene expression profiling of A2B5+; oligodendrocyte progenitors and O4+ oligodendrocytes. Cells were sort-purified ex vivo from postnatal rat brain using flow cytometry. Using Affymetrix microarrays, 1707 transcripts were identified with a more than twofold increase in expression inO4+oligodendrocytes. Many genes required for oligodendrocyte differentiation were upregulated in O4+ oligodendrocytes, including numerous genes encoding; myelin proteins. Transcriptional changes included genes required for cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and fatty acid and; cholesterol biosynthesis. At the O4+ stage, there was an increase in expression of a novel proline-rich transmembrane protein (Prmp). Localized to the plasma membrane, Prmp displays adhesive properties that may be important for linking the extracellular matrix to the; actin cytoskeleton. Together, our results highlight the usefulness of this discovery-driven experimental strategy to identify genes relevant; to oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Experiment Overall Design: Whole brain dissociates were prepared from one litter of 10 male postnatal day 7 rat pups for each of the 5 A2B5 bioligcal replicates and the 4 O4+ bioligical replicates. Total RNA was extracted from single A2B5+ and single O4+ cells sorted directly from postnatal day7 rat whole brain dissociates using flow cytometry.
2007-11-29 | E-GEOD-5940 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study, we demonstrated that exposing primary rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes to dolutegravir during both proliferation and differentiation impaired oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin protein production. Bulk RNA sequencing revealed that dolutegravir exposure does not significantly alter the transcriptome of oligodendrocyte precursor cells compared to DMSO treatment. Conversely, we identified transcriptional changes after dolutegravir exposure in mature oligodendrocytes related to a variety of cellular mechanisms, including cellular responses to stress pathways, amino acid starvation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In particular, differential gene expression analyses revealed 127 significantly altered transcripts in dolutegravir treated oligodendrocytes, with 3 of these being Trib3, Atf4, and Cebpb, which have interconnected roles in regulating the integrated stress response.
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Project description:The zinc finger protein ZFP24 is critical for CNS myelination. Nonetheless, the mechanism by which ZFP24 controls myelination is unknown. Here we use chromatin IP (ChIP) to map ZFP24 binding sites in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) and differentiated oligodendrocytes (OLG). We find that ZFP24 directly binds the enhancer regions of genes important for oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination and mediates their expression. We demonstrate that ZFP24 undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in oligodendrocyte lineage cells and that ZFP24 binding to DNA is controlled by its phosphorylated state such that only the non-phosphorylated form of the protein, predominantly found in mature oligodendrocytes, mediates expression of myelin protein genes. We have also identified key ZFP24 downstream target genes. Among these, we show that enforced expression of the crucial myelin transcription factor MYRF can rescue myelin proteins gene expression in ZFP24 -ablated cells. Our data also suggest that ZFP24 display overlapping genomic binding sites with the transcription factors MYRF, SOX10, and OLIG2 which are known to control terminal differentiation of oligodendrocytes. Though the human genome contains roughly 700 C2H2-containing zinc finger proteins, the DNA-binding sequences and the biological functions of the vast majority of them are unknown. Our findings provide a direct molecular mechanism by which dephosphorylation of ZFP24 mediates its binding to enhancer regions of genes important for oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, controls their expression, and as a result, regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and CNS myelination.
2018-04-10 | GSE101535 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that confer neuronal myelination. Leukodystrophies associated with oligodendrocyte and hypomyelination are known to result when a number of tRNA metabolism genes are mutated. Thus, for unknown reasons, oligodendrocytes may be hypersensitive to perturbations in tRNA biology. In this study, we survey the tRNA transcriptome in the murine oligodendrocytes cell lineage in an effort to understanding the molecular underpinning for human disease. We find that specific tRNAs are hypomodified in oligodendrocytes within or near the anticodon. This hypomodified state may be the result of differential expression of key modification enzymes during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observe a concomitant relationship between tRNA hypomodification and tRNA decoding potential; observing oligodendrocyte specific alterations in codon optimality-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome transit. Our results reveal that oligodendrocytes naturally maintain a delicate, hypersensitized tRNA/mRNA axis. We suggest this axis underlies disease etiology when further insult to tRNA metabolism is introduced.
2022-08-08 | GSE182810 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that confer neuronal myelination. Leukodystrophies associated with oligodendrocyte and hypomyelination are known to result when a number of tRNA metabolism genes are mutated. Thus, for unknown reasons, oligodendrocytes may be hypersensitive to perturbations in tRNA biology. In this study, we survey the tRNA transcriptome in the murine oligodendrocytes cell lineage in an effort to understanding the molecular underpinning for human disease. We find that specific tRNAs are hypomodified in oligodendrocytes within or near the anticodon. This hypomodified state may be the result of differential expression of key modification enzymes during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observe a concomitant relationship between tRNA hypomodification and tRNA decoding potential; observing oligodendrocyte specific alterations in codon optimality-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome transit. Our results reveal that oligodendrocytes naturally maintain a delicate, hypersensitized tRNA/mRNA axis. We suggest this axis underlies disease etiology when further insult to tRNA metabolism is introduced.
2022-08-08 | GSE182809 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that confer neuronal myelination. Leukodystrophies associated with oligodendrocyte and hypomyelination are known to result when a number of tRNA metabolism genes are mutated. Thus, for unknown reasons, oligodendrocytes may be hypersensitive to perturbations in tRNA biology. In this study, we survey the tRNA transcriptome in the murine oligodendrocytes cell lineage in an effort to understanding the molecular underpinning for human disease. We find that specific tRNAs are hypomodified in oligodendrocytes within or near the anticodon. This hypomodified state may be the result of differential expression of key modification enzymes during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observe a concomitant relationship between tRNA hypomodification and tRNA decoding potential; observing oligodendrocyte specific alterations in codon optimality-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome transit. Our results reveal that oligodendrocytes naturally maintain a delicate, hypersensitized tRNA/mRNA axis. We suggest this axis underlies disease etiology when further insult to tRNA metabolism is introduced.
2022-08-08 | GSE182808 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes produce myelin, a lipid-rich membrane that wraps neuronal axons in the central nervous system to provide metabolic and trophic support and allow for saltatory conduction. Developmental myelination requires precisely timed and localized neuron-oligodendrocyte communication. In the mature brain, neuronal activity promotes oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) proliferation and differentiation, but how OPCs respond to neuronal activity in early brain development, before the onset of myelination, is less well characterized. Here, we investigate how glutamatergic neuronal activity regulates early developmental oligodendrocyte maturation in the olfactory system, somatosensory cortex, and corpus callosum in mice. We find that decreased neuronal activity increases oligodendrocyte differentiation in early development, both in a sensory deprivation model and when using in vivo chemogenetics. Conversely, enhanced neuronal activity in early development reduces oligodendrocyte differentiation. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed transcriptional changes in oligodendrocytes when neuronal activity was reduced, including upregulation of glutamate receptor gene expression and pathways relating to synapse development. Finally, using ex vivo cortical slice culture, we identify AMPAR signaling as a critical regulator of the later steps of oligodendrocyte maturation, but not the initiation of differentiation.
2026-06-01 | GSE329995 | GEO