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A potent HDAC inhibitor blocks Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite growth and profoundly disrupts parasite gene expression.

ABSTRACT: A potent HDAC inhibitor blocks Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite growth and profoundly disrupts parasite gene expression.

PROVIDER: PRJNA734301 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR14701481.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14701482.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14701483.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14701484.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14701485.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A potent HDAC inhibitor blocks Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite growth and profoundly disrupts parasite gene expression.

Project description:Toxoplasmosis is a major health issue worldwide especially for immune-deficient individuals and the offspring of newly infected mothers. It is caused by a unicellular intracellular parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. Although the drugs commonly used to treat toxoplasmosis are efficient, they present serious side effects and adverse events are common. Therefore, there is a need for the discovery of new compounds with potent anti-T. gondii activity. We have tested compounds designed to target enzymes that are involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Among the most active compounds, we identified a HDAC inhibitor that shows an IC50 of around 30 nM with a selectivity index of more than 100. MC1742 is active at inhibiting the growth of the parasite in vitro but also at preventing the consequences of the acute disease in vivo. This compound induces a hyper-acetylation of histones while acetylated tubulin level remains unchanged. After MC1742 treatment, the parasite expression profile is profoundly changed with the activation of genes preferentially expressed in the sexual stages that are normally repressed at the tachyzoite stage. These findings suggest that this compound disturbs the T. gondii gene expression program, inducing parasite death.

2024-05-22 | GSE175919 | GEO

Transcription profiling of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite to bradyzoite differentiation mutants

Project description:Developmental switching in Toxoplasma gondii, from the virulent tachyzoite to the relatively quiescent bradyzoite stage, is responsible for disease propagation and reactivation. We have generated tachyzoite to bradyzoite differentiation (Tbd-) mutants in T. gondii and used these in combination with a cDNA microarray to identify developmental pathways in bradyzoite formation. Four independently generated Tbd- mutants were analysed and had defects in bradyzoite development in response to multiple bradyzoite-inducing conditions, a stable phenotype after in vivo passages and a markedly reduced brain cyst burden in a murine model of chronic infection. Transcriptional profiles of mutant and wild-type parasites, growing under bradyzoite conditions, revealed a hierarchy of developmentally regulated genes, including many bradyzoite-induced genes whose transcripts were reduced in all mutants. A set of non-developmentally regulated genes whose transcripts were less abundant in Tbd- mutants were also identified. These may represent genes that mediate downstream effects and/or whose expression is dependent on the same transcription factors as the bradyzoite-induced set. Using these data, we have generated a model of transcription regulation during bradyzoite development in T. gondii. Our approach shows the utility of this system as a model to study developmental biology in single-celled eukaryotes including protozoa and fungi.

2005-07-21 | E-SMDB-1404 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression QTL mapping of Toxoplasma gondii genes, Tachyzoite array

Project description:Expression QTL mapping of Toxoplasma gondii genes, Tachyzoite array

| PRJNA109127 | ENA

RNA sequencing of host transcriptome of human foreskin fibroblast cells infected with either bradyzoites and tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii

Project description:The purpose of this data set is to determine if bradyzoites impact the host transcripton in a similar manner as tachyzoites. We found that 3853 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are shared between tachyzoite infected cells and bradyzoite infected cells (41%; 2161 up-reg., 1692 down-reg.) when compared to uninfected host samples, leaving 3356 tachyzoite specific DEGs (1488 up-reg., 1868 down-reg.), and 1951 DEGs specific to bradyzoite infection (1075 up-reg., 876 down-reg). We conclude therefore that bradyzoites manipulate the host cell and that this is unique when compared to tachyzoites.

2020-01-15 | GSE125121 | GEO

Coordinated Progression Through Two Subtranscriptomes Underlies the Tachyzoite Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii

Project description:We describe the cell cycle transcriptome of the Toxoplasma gondii that has emerged as a major genetic model for the study of Apicomplexa parasites. Two distinct transcriptional waves accompany the relatively simple binary replication of tachyzoite stage (endodyogeny) functionally separating conserved gene expression in the eukaryotic G1 phase from the lineage-specific expression that predominates in the parasite S phase and mitotic periods. This division of transcriptional focus closely mirrors the intimate relationship that has evolved between mitosis and building of the daughter parasites and invasion organelles. Promoter mechanisms appear to orchestrate the induction of gene expression in dividing tachyzoites with up to two dozen cell cycle AP2 factors likely acting within a transcriptional regulatory network to coordinate the parasite cell cycle transcriptome. To characterize the cell cycle transcriptome of Toxoplasma tachyzoites, we expanded a thymidine-synchrony model to isolate sufficient RNA for microarray expression studies. The ToxoGeneChip microarray (http://ancillary.toxodb.org/docs/Array-Tutorial.html) was used to measure mRNA expression in 13 duplicate samples (R0 to R12) covering 12 hours post-synchronization and nearly two tachyzoite replication cycles.

2010-08-27 | E-GEOD-19092 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Coordinated Progression Through Two Subtranscriptomes Underlies the Tachyzoite Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii

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Adhesion of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite-infected vehicle leukocytes to capillary endothelial cells triggers timely parasite egression.

Project description:Intracellular pathogens have numerous strategies for effective dissemination within the host. Many intracellular pathogens first infect leukocytes, which they use as a vehicle to transport them to target organs. Once at the target organ, intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii can cross the capillary wall in extracellular form by infecting endothelial cells. However, after egression from leukocytes, extracellular parasites face the risk of host immune attack. In this study, observation of infected mouse organs, using a method that renders tissue transparent, revealed that adhesion of tachyzoite-infected leukocytes to endothelial cells triggers immediate egression of the parasite. This signal enables the parasite to time egression from its vehicle leukocyte to coincide with arrival at a target organ, minimizing the opportunity for immune attack during the transition from a vehicle leukocyte to capillary endothelial cells.

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Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite-extract acts as a potent immunomodulator against allergic sensitization and airway inflammation.

Project description:Epidemiological and experimental studies have shown an inverse relationship between infections with certain parasites and a reduced incidence of allergic diseases. We and others have shown that infection with Toxoplasma gondii prevents the development of allergy in mice. To establish whether this beneficial effect could be recapitulated by soluble products of this parasite, we tested an extract derived from T. gondii tachyzoites. Immunization of BALB/c mice with tachyzoites lysate antigen (TLA) elicited mixed Th1/Th2 responses. When TLA was applied together with the sensitizing ovalbumin (OVA), the development of allergic airway inflammation was reduced, with decreased airway hyperresponsiveness associated with reduced peribronchial and perivascular cellular infiltration, reduced production of OVA-specific Th2 cytokines in lungs and spleens and reduced levels of serum OVA-specific IgG1 as well as IgE-dependent basophil degranulation. Of note, TLA retained its immunomodulatory properties, inducing high levels of IL-6, TNFα, IL-10 and IL-12p70 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells after heat-inactivation or proteinase K-treatment for disruption of proteins, but not after sodium metaperiodate-treatment that degrades carbohydrate structures, suggesting that carbohydrates may play a role in immunomodulatory properties of TLA. Here we show that extracts derived from parasites may replicate the benefits of parasitic infection, offering new therapies for immune-mediated disorders.

| S-EPMC5680314 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptome analysis of oocyst, tachyzoite, and bradyzoite development in the type II Toxoplasma gondii strain M4.

Project description:There were three primary objectives to the overall experiment. I. Describe the transcriptome of the oocyst through its development beginning with the freshly excreted, unsporulated oocyst at “Day 0” to a fully sporulated and mature oocyst at “Day 10” and including a mid-sporulation timepoint at “Day 4”. II. Compare the transcriptomes of in vitro vs. in vivo derived bradyzoites. III. Compare expression data from three life stages (oocyst, bradyzoite and tachyzoite) from the same parasite isolate, M4, which has been been characterized as a Type II strain.

2011-10-01 | GSE32427 | GEO

Toxoplasma gondii

Project description:Tachyzoite to bradyzoite differentiation

| PRJNA93129 | ENA