H3 acetylation selectively promotes basal progenitor proliferation and neocortex expansion by activating TRNP1 expression
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA735244 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR14736814.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14736815.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14736816.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14736817.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14736818.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Increase in the size of human neocortex―acquired in evolution―accounts for the unique cognitive capacity of humans. This expansion reflects the evolutionarily enhanced proliferative ability of basal progenitors (BPs), including the basal radial glia and basal intermediate progenitors (bIPs) in mammalian cortex, which may have been acquired through epigenetic alterations in BPs. However, how the epigenome in BPs differs across species is not known. Here, we report that histone H3 acetylation is a key epigenetic regulation in bIP amplification and cortical expansion. Through epigenetic profiling of sorted bIPs, we show that histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) is low in murine bIPs and high in human bIPs. Elevated H3K9ac preferentially increases bIP proliferation, increasing the size and folding of the normally smooth mouse neocortex. H3K9ac drives bIP amplification by increasing expression of the evolutionarily regulated gene, Trnp1, in developing cortex. Our findings demonstrate a previously unknown mechanism that controls cortical architecture.
| S-EPMC8443185 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We performed RNA-Seq and H3K9ac ChIP-Seq from the whole embryonic cortex at E15.5 from BAF155 cKO mice treated either with vehicle or HDAC inhibitor (TSA).
2021-06-05 | GSE176194 | GEO
Project description:The evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex reflects increased amplification of basal progenitors in the subventricular zone, producing more neurons during fetal corticogenesis. Here, we analyze the transcriptomes of distinct progenitor subpopulations isolated by a novel approach from developing mouse and human neocortex. We identify 56 genes preferentially expressed in human apical and basal radial glia that lack mouse orthologs. Among these, ARHGAP11B has the highest degree of radial glia-specific expression. ARHGAP11B arose from partial duplication of the Rho GTPase-activating-protein–encoding ARHGAP11A on the human lineage after separation from the chimpanzee lineage. Expression of ARHGAP11B in embryonic mouse neocortex promotes basal progenitor generation and self-renewal, and can increase cortical plate area and induce gyrification. Hence, ARHGAP11B may have contributed to evolutionary expansion of human neocortex. Gene expression profiles of mouse and human purified neocortical progenitor types and neurons were generated by RNA-seq and analyzed including inter- and intra-species comparison.
2015-03-02 | E-GEOD-65000 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Enrichment of basal progenitors (BPs) in the developing neocortex is a central driver of cortical enlargement. The transcription factor Pax6 is known as an essential regulator in generation of BPs. H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) has emerged as a crucial epigenetic mechanism that activates the gene expression program required for BP pool amplification. In this current work, we applied immunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing, and the yeast two-hybrid assay to reveal that the BP-genic effect of H3 acetylation is dependent on Pax6 functionality in the developing mouse cortex. In the presence of Pax6, increased H3 acetylation caused BP pool expansion, leading to enhanced neurogenesis, which evoked expansion and quasi-convolution of the mouse neocortex. Interestingly, H3 acetylation activation exacerbates the BP depletion and corticogenesis reduction effect of Pax6 ablation in cortex-specific Pax6 mutants. Furthermore, we found that H3K9 acetyltransferase KAT2A/GCN5 interacts with Pax6 and potentiates Pax6-dependent transcriptional activity. This explains a genome-wide lack of H3K9ac, especially in the promoter regions of BP-genic genes, in the Pax6 mutant cortex. Together, these findings reveal a mechanistic coupling of H3 acetylation and Pax6 in orchestrating BP production and cortical expansion through the promotion of a BP gene expression program during cortical development.
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Project description:The evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex reflects increased amplification of basal progenitors in the subventricular zone, producing more neurons during fetal corticogenesis. Here, we analyze the transcriptomes of distinct progenitor subpopulations isolated by a novel approach from developing mouse and human neocortex. We identify 56 genes preferentially expressed in human apical and basal radial glia that lack mouse orthologs. Among these, ARHGAP11B has the highest degree of radial glia-specific expression. ARHGAP11B arose from partial duplication of the Rho GTPase-activating-protein–encoding ARHGAP11A on the human lineage after separation from the chimpanzee lineage. Expression of ARHGAP11B in embryonic mouse neocortex promotes basal progenitor generation and self-renewal, and can increase cortical plate area and induce gyrification. Hence, ARHGAP11B may have contributed to evolutionary expansion of human neocortex.
2015-03-02 | GSE65000 | GEO
Project description:Neocortex expansion during evolution is linked to higher numbers of neurons thought to result from increased proliferative capacity and neurogenic potential of basal progenitors during development. Here, we show that EREG, encoding the growth factor EPIREGULIN, is expressed in the human developing neocortex, but not in the mouse neocortex. Addition of EPIREGULIN to the mouse neocortex increases proliferation of both major basal progenitor types, intermediate basal progenitors and basal radial glia, whereas ablation of EPIREGULIN in human cortical organoids reduces basal progenitor proliferation. Here, we analyzed gene expression changes upon addition of EPIREGULIN to the mouse neocortex for 24 hours using hemisphere rotation culture. We performed fluorescent activated cell sorting to isolate radial glia (RG), intermediate progenitor (IP) cells and neurons (N) based on the nuclear markers Sox2 and Tbr2, and expression of GFP in neurons isolated from a Tubb3::GFP mouse reporter line.
2024-02-19 | GSE228007 | GEO
Project description:A specific subpopulation of neural progenitor cells, the basal radial glia cells (bRGCs) of the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ), are thought to have a key role in the evolutionary expansion of mammalian neocortex. In the developing lissencephalic mouse neocortex, bRGCs exist at low abundance and show significant molecular differences from bRGCs in developing gyrencephalic species. Here, we demonstrate that developing mouse medial neocortex, in contrast to the canonically studied lateral neocortex, exhibits an OSVZ and an abundance of bRGCs similar to that in developing gyrencephalic neocortex. Unlike bRGCs in developing mouse lateral neocortex, the bRGCs in medial neocortex exhibit human bRGC-like gene expression, including expression of Hopx, a human bRGC marker. Disruption of Hopx expression in mouse embryonic medial neocortex and forced Hopx expression in mouse embryonic lateral neocortex demonstrate that Hopx is required and sufficient, respectively, for a bRGC abundance as found in developing gyrencephalic neocortex. Taken together, our data identify a novel bRGC subpopulation in developing mouse medial neocortex that is highly related to bRGCs of developing gyrencephalic neocortex.
2018-10-10 | GSE120976 | GEO
Project description:A specific subpopulation of neural progenitor cells, the basal radial glial cells (bRGCs) of the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ), are thought to have a key role in the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian neocortex. In the developing lissencephalic mouse neocortex, bRGCs exist at low abundance and show significant molecular differences from bRGCs in developing gyrencephalic species. Here, we demonstrate that the developing mouse medial neocortex (medNcx), in contrast to the canonically studied lateral neocortex (latNcx), exhibits an OSVZ and an abundance of bRGCs similar to that in developing gyrencephalic neocortex. Unlike bRGCs in developing mouse latNcx, the bRGCs in medNcx exhibit human bRGC-like gene expression, including expression of Hopx, a human bRGC marker. Disruption of Hopx expression in mouse embryonic medNcx and forced Hopx expression in mouse embryonic latNcx demonstrate that Hopx is required and sufficient, respectively, for a bRGC abundance as found in developing gyrencephalic neocortex. Taken together, our data identify a novel bRGC subpopulation in developing mouse medNcx that is highly related to bRGCs of developing gyrencephalic neocortex.
2018-10-10 | GSE121008 | GEO