Project description:Background: Appendix immunity may be involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), but the mechanism is not yet understood. In this study, we aimed to characterize immune cells in the appendix of UC patients. Method: We performed scRNA-seq on appendix cells from UC and non-UC patients. Result: A wide variety of immune cells were found in the appendix, with a marked increase in IgG-producing Plasma blast in the appendix of UC patients. Conclusion: The appendix of patients with UC were characterized by an increased number of IgG-producing cells.
Project description:The genetics, social, cultural and environmental factors pose a great challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease among different racial groups. We aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes involved in coronary heart disease in Chinese Han people as an aid for screening and diagnosing coronary heart disease. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression to identify the differentially gene between the patients with coronary heart disease and healthy people in Chinese Han people Three patients with coronary heart disease and three healthy people in Chinese Han people were recruited,total RNA of each samples were extracted from peripheral blood to hybridize with Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:The genetics, social, cultural and environmental factors pose a great challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease among different racial groups. We aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes involved in coronary heart disease in Chinese Han people as an aid for screening and diagnosing coronary heart disease. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression to identify the differentially gene between the patients with coronary heart disease and healthy people in Chinese Han people
Project description:Bariatric surgery is associated with improved breast cancer (BC) outcomes, including greater immunotherapy effectiveness in a pre-clinical BC model. A potential mechanism of bariatric surgery-associated protection is through the gut microbiota. Here, we demonstrate the dependency of improved immunotherapy response on the post-bariatric surgery gut microbiome via fecal microbial transplant. Cecal contents were isolated from either obese controls that received sham surgery or formerly obese mice following bariatric surgery-induced weight loss and transferred by FMT to lean recipients. Response to αPD-1 immunotherapy was significantly improved following FMT from formerly obese bariatric-surgery treated mice. Microbes can impact tumor burden through microbially derived metabolites produced or modified by gut microbiota including branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Circulating BCAA correlated significantly with NK T cell content in the tumor microenvironment in both donor mice after bariatric surgery and in FMT recipients of donor cecal content after bariatric surgery compared to obese sham controls. Findings implicate a role of microbially-derived BCAA in activating anti-tumor immunity that is dependent upon bariatric surgery. Importantly, when stool from a patient who exhibited 25% weight loss post-bariatric surgery was transplanted into recipient mice and compared to the patient’s pre-bariatric surgery stool transplant. Patient samples post bariatric surgery significantly reduced tumor burden by 2.4-fold and immunotherapy effectiveness was doubled. Taken together, findings suggest that reinvigorating anti-tumor immunity may be dependent upon microbially derived metabolites such as BCAA.
Project description:Clinical studies suggest a critical role for the appendix in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), as indicated by the presence of peri-appendicular patches in UC and the beneficial effects of appendectomy in UC. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To address this gap, we characterized microbial species, associated patterns, and host-microbiota interactions in the appendix and non-inflamed regions of the colon tissue and mucus from pediatric IBD and non-IBD patients (n=15). Metagenomic analyses revealed an enrichment of Proteobacteria (p-value=0.0061) and reduced bacterial diversity in IBD patients’ appendix compared to controls. Strong correlations between host tissue and mucus microbial pathways of IBD patients highlighted a link between microbial communities and host gene expression, contributing to immune activation and inflammation in the appendix. Our findings thus provide valuable insights and a basis for mechanistic hypotheses regarding the appendix’s role in IBD pathogenesis.
Project description:Longitudinal analysis of Salmonella typhimurium mRNA from superspeader mouse cecal content and stool compared to in vitro Salmonella typhimurium mRNA.
Project description:A run-on assay that precisely maps the transcription start sites genome-wide with high sensitivity and specificity in Appendix. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODE_Data_Use_Policy_for_External_Users_03-07-14.pdf