Transcriptomic analysis of the chorioallantois in equine premature placental separation.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA774799 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR16579000_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16579000_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16579001_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16579001_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16579002_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The transcripts from equine chorioallantois of thirty-three premature placental separation and four control were compared.
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Project description:The equine chorioallantois (CA) undergoes complex physical and biochemical changes during labor. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling these changes are still unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the transcriptome of equine CA during spontaneous labor and compare it to that of normal preterm CA. Placental samples were collected postpartum from mares with normal term labor (TL group, n=4) and from preterm not in labor mares (330 days GA; PTNL group, n=4). Our study identified 4137 differentailly expressed genes (DEGs) (1820 upregulated and 2317 downregulated) in CA during TL as compared to PTNL. TL was associated with the upregulation of several pro-inflammatory mediators (MHC-I, MHC-II, NLRP3, CXCL8, and MIF). Also, TL was associated with the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9) with subsequent extracellular matrix degradation and apoptosis, as reflected by upregulation of several apoptosis-related genes (ATF3, ATF4, FAS, FOS, and BIRC3). In addition, TL was associated with downregulation of 21 transcripts coding for collagens. The upregulation of proteases, along with the downregulation of collagens, is believed to be implicated in separation and rupture of the CA during TL. Additionally, TL was associated with downregulation of transcripts coding for proteins essential for progestin synthesis (SRD5A1 and AKR1C1) and angiogenesis (VEGFA and RTL1), as well as upregulation of prostaglandin synthesis-related genes (PTGS2 and PTGES), which could reflect the physiological switch in placental endocrinology and function during TL. In conclusion, our findings revealed the equine CA gene expression signature in spontaneous labor at term, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms triggering labor.
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Project description:To better characterize placentitis, we examined the sRNA expression patterns occurring in the endometrium, chorioallantois and serum of mares. Disease was induced in 10 mares via intracervical inoculation of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus, either with moderate or high levels of inoculum; three un-inoculated gestationally-matched mares were used as controls. Matched chorioallantois and endometrium were sampled in two locations: region 1 - main lesion by cervical star with placental separation; and region 2 - gross inflammation without placental separation.
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Project description:The placenta is a dynamic organ which undergoes extensive remodeling throughout pregnancy to support, protect and nourish the developing fetus. Despite the importance of the placenta, very little is known about its gene expression beyond very early pregnancy and post-partum. Therefore, we utilized RNA-sequencing to characterize the transcriptome from the fetal (chorioallantois) and maternal (endometrium) components of the placenta from mares throughout gestation (4, 6, 10, 11 m). Within the endometrium, 47% of genes changed throughout pregnancy, while in the chorioallantois, 29% of genes underwent significant changes in expression. Further bioinformatic analyses of both differentially expressed genes and highly expressed genes help reveal similarities and differences between tissues. Overall, the tissues were more similar than different, with ~ 95% of genes expressed in both tissues, and high similarities between the most highly expressed genes (9/20 conserved), as well as marked similarities between the PANTHER pathways identified. The most highly expressed genes fell under a few broad categories, including endocrine and immune-related transcripts, iron-binding proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, transport proteins and antioxidants. Serine protease inhibitors were particularly abundant, including SERPINA3, 6 and 14, as well as SPINK7 and 9. This paper also demonstrates the ability to effectively separate maternal and fetal components of the placenta, with only a minimal amount of chorioallantoic contamination in the endometrium (~8%). This aspect of equine placentation is a boon for better understanding gestational physiology and allows the horse to be used in areas where a separation of fetal and maternal tissues is essential. Overall, these data represent the first large-scale characterization of placental gene expression in any species and include time points from multiple mid- to late-gestational stages, helping further our understanding of gestational physiology.
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Project description:A tissue survey of gene expression was conducted using microarray-based transcriptional profiling to compare equine articular cartilage to 10 other normal adult horse tissues. The ten comparative tissues were bladder, cerebellum, kidney, liver, lung, lymph node, muscle, placental villous, spleen, and testis.
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Project description:A tissue survey of gene expression was conducted using microarray-based transcriptional profiling to compare equine articular cartilage to 10 other normal adult horse tissues. The ten comparative tissues were bladder, cerebellum, kidney, liver, lung, lymph node, muscle, placental villous, spleen, and testis. Messenger RNA transcriptome comparisons were conducted between equine articular cartilage and ten other body tissues using a 9413 element equine-specific cDNA microarray and a two-color dye-swap experimental design. After scanning, the median intensities adjusted for background were entire chip Lowess-normalized for each individual slide. Quantile regression was used to estimate the conditional quantile of the M and A log ratios given the observed average log intensity. Briefly, a nonparametric approach was used to reveal the relationship between percentiles of M and A, where M is log2 (R/G) and A is 0.5 log2 (RG) with R representing expression in articular cartilage and G representing expression in the comparative tissue. The quantile regression was fit using a B-spline with 5 fixed nodes. The 1st, 5th, 10th, 20th, 50th, 80th, 90th, 95th, and 99th conditional quantiles were estimated. For each observed gene intensity in a given tissue comparison, the normal quantile was used as the cartilage-specificity in place of the corresponding estimated regression quantile.
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Project description:Nocardioform placentitis (NP) continues to result in episodic outbreaks of abortion and preterm birth in mares and remains a poorly understood disease. The objective of this study was to characterize the transcriptome of the chorioallantois (CA) of mares with NP. Term CA were collected from mares with gross lesions consistent with NP, and NP was subsequently confirmed in four CA based upon pathology and PCR for Amycolatopsis spp. CA samples were collected from the margin of the NP lesion (NPL, n=4) and grossly normal region (NPN, n=4). Additionally, CA samples were collected from normal postpartum mares (Control; CRL, n=4). Transcriptome analysis identified 2,892 DEGs in CRL vs. NPL and 2,450 DEGs in NPN vs. NPL. Functional genomics analysis elucidated that inflammatory signaling, toll-like receptor signaling, inflammasome activation, chemotaxis, and apoptosis pathways dominate NP. The increased leukocytic infiltration in NPL was associated with the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP3, and MMP8) and apoptosis-related genes, such as caspases (CASP3 and CASP7), which could explain placental separation associated with NP. Also, NP was associated with downregulation of several placenta-regulatory genes (ABCG2, GCM1, EPAS1, and NR3C1), angiogenesis-related genes (VEGFA, FLT1, KDR, and ANGPT2), and glucose transporter coding genes (GLUT1, GLUT10, and GLUT12), as well as upregulation of hypoxia-related genes (HIF1A and EGLN3), which could elucidate placental insufficiency accompanying NP. In conclusion, our findings revealed for the first time, the key regulators and mechanisms underlying placental inflammation, separation, and insufficiency during NP.
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