Project description:Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) holds potential for soil stabilization and carbon sequestration efforts. While the biogeochemical pathways and enzymes driving MICP are known, the microbial metabolic networks and community dynamics underlying such processes remain poorly characterized. To address this gap, we interrogated a MICP-capable four-member consortium of soil bacteria termed carbon storing consortium - A (CSC-A). Prior work shows that CSC-A yields carbonate at a higher quantity compared to the sum of carbonate individually produced by each member, suggesting MICP is driven by consortium dynamics.Thus, we applied a multi-omic integration approach of genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to investigate potential inter-species interactions that may influence the MICP phenotype. Genomic life history characterizations identified evidence of specialization by two members, while metatranscriptomic perturbation suggested that R. qingshengii is a keystone species when grown in urea, a key molecule to the MICP process. By comparing individual species’ metabolomes to the metabolic profile of a shared well, we identified over 200 metabolites predicted to be produced or consumed by CSC-A. Integrating both data types and mapping them to the KEGG reactome highlighted over 20 different enriched pathways with reactions related to glutamate metabolism, succinate metabolism, and branched chain amino acid biosynthesis. As succinate metabolism was a major node in this network we applied laboratory assays to confirm that succinate led to increased carbonate precipitation by CSC-A, a critical validation of our modeling approach. By isolating and identifying the interconnected metabolic components underlying MICP in CSC-A, we identified keystone taxa, metabolites, and pathways important for future optimization of the application of this consortium to carbonate precipitation.
Project description:RATIONALE: The use of cholecalciferol and calcium carbonate may keep colon cancer from coming back in patients with colon cancer that has been removed by surgery.
PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying two different doses of cholecalciferol to compare how well they work when given together with calcium carbonate in treating patients with colon cancer that has been removed by surgery.
Project description:Shell proteins were extracted from larval Hong Kong oysters (Magallana hongkongensis) after exposure to control (pH 8.1) and adverse carbonate chemistry (pH 7.4).
Project description:Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) refers to the biogeochemical process in which calcium carbonate is precipitated by altering the local geochemical environment (Mortensen et al. 2011). These alterations occur as a by-product of common microbial metabolic activities by increasing the local carbonate content as well as pH thereby saturating the solution in respect to carbonate. To better understand the microbial ecology of MICP on a community level in natural environments, we chose to evaluate microbial communities derived from travertine adjacent to Crystal Geyser (CG), Utah. CG is a cold-driven, CO2 rich geyser which is surrounded by colorful travertine that has been suggested to be generated through microbial processes. We used a cultivation-independent, multi-omics approach combined with geochemical measurements to investigate metabolic pathways and physiologies potentially involved in MICP at CG. We collected samples from the top 20 cm of travertine adjacent to Crystal Geyser, Utah in November 2019 and June 2021 (38.9384° N, 110.1354° W) wearing gloves at all times. We sampled 1 m away from the borehole (CG-1) and 10 m away from the borehole (CG-10). We preserved all collected samples in RNAlater-like solution (Menke et al., 2017, Front. Microbiol. 8) in a 1:10 sediment: RNAlater-like solution ratio as previously validated (Jensen et al. (2021, Micro. Spec. 2021, 9:2)
Project description:Purpose: The goal of this study is to compare endothelial small RNA transcriptome to identify the target of OASL under basal or stimulated conditions by utilizing miRNA-seq. Methods: Endothelial miRNA profilies of siCTL or siOASL transfected HUVECs were generated by illumina sequencing method, in duplicate. After sequencing, the raw sequence reads are filtered based on quality. The adapter sequences are also trimmed off the raw sequence reads. rRNA removed reads are sequentially aligned to reference genome (GRCh38) and miRNA prediction is performed by miRDeep2. Results: We identified known miRNA in species (miRDeep2) in the HUVECs transfected with siCTL or siOASL. The expression profile of mature miRNA is used to analyze differentially expressed miRNA(DE miRNA). Conclusions: Our study represents the first analysis of endothelial miRNA profiles affected by OASL knockdown with biologic replicates.
Project description:A cDNA library was constructed by Novogene (CA, USA) using a Small RNA Sample Pre Kit, and Illumina sequencing was conducted according to company workflow, using 20 million reads. Raw data were filtered for quality as determined by reads with a quality score > 5, reads containing N < 10%, no 5' primer contaminants, and reads with a 3' primer and insert tag. The 3' primer sequence was trimmed and reads with a poly A/T/G/C were removed
Project description:Whole exome sequencing of 5 HCLc tumor-germline pairs. Genomic DNA from HCLc tumor cells and T-cells for germline was used. Whole exome enrichment was performed with either Agilent SureSelect (50Mb, samples S3G/T, S5G/T, S9G/T) or Roche Nimblegen (44.1Mb, samples S4G/T and S6G/T). The resulting exome libraries were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform with paired-end 100bp reads to an average depth of 120-134x. Bam files were generated using NovoalignMPI (v3.0) to align the raw fastq files to the reference genome sequence (hg19) and picard tools (v1.34) to flag duplicate reads (optical or pcr), unmapped reads, reads mapping to more than one location, and reads failing vendor QC.