Project description:Special AT-rich sequencebinding protein 2 (SATB2) is essential for the development of cerebral cortex and key molecular node for the establishment of proper neural circuitry and function. Mutations in SATB2 gene lead to SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS), which is characterized by abnormal development of skeleton and central nervus system. We generated Satb2 knockout mouse model through CRISPR-Cas9 technology and performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq of embryonic cerebral cortex. We conducted RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter assay and behavioral analysis for experimental verification.
Project description:Special AT-rich sequencebinding protein 2 (SATB2) is essential for the development of cerebral cortex and key molecular node for the establishment of proper neural circuitry and function. Mutations in SATB2 gene lead to SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS), which is characterized by abnormal development of skeleton and central nervus system. We generated Satb2 knockout mouse model through CRISPR-Cas9 technology and performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq of embryonic cerebral cortex. We conducted RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter assay and behavioral analysis for experimental verification.
Project description:The goal of the study was to identify the binding site of SATB2 in wild-ype cortex by performing ChIP-seq using SATB2 antibody. E15 cortical tissues were dissected, lysed and fixed. Chromatin was prepared by sonication. Sequences bound by SATB2 protein was precipitated using a SATB2 antibody. Sequencing was performed on Illumina Genome Analyzer II. SATB2 binding peaks were called using MACS. ChIP for Satb2, followed by sequencing on Illumina Genome Analyzer II platform
Project description:During CNS development, the nuclear protein SATB2 is expressed in superficial cortical layers and determines projection neuron identity. In the adult CNS, SATB2 is expressed in pyramidal neurons of all cortical layers and is a regulator of synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. Common variation in SATB2 locus confers risk of schizophrenia whereas rare, de novo structural and single nucleotide variants cause severe intellectual disability and absent or limited speech. To which extent symptoms in SATB2-related human pathologies depend on developmental or adult functions of the protein remains to be established. To characterize differences in SATB2 molecular function in developing vs adult neocortex, we compared SATB2 protein interactomes and SATB2-driven gene expression programs at the two ontogenetic stages by co-IP mass spectrometry and RNAseq analyses, respectively. Our results demonstrated that 1) SATB2 interacts with different protein networks at the two ontogenetic stages, with a switch from transcriptional repression towards organization of chromatin structure and 2) SATB2 determines differential transcriptional programs in neonatal vs adult cortex.
Project description:(i) The hippocampal transcriptome was analyzed in mice that lack the SatB2 gene (ii) Satb2 binds to active promoters of protein-coding and non-coding loci and determines the levels of a large cohort of miRNAs in the CA1 hippocampal field that are implicated in synaptic plasticity and/or memory formation.
Project description:Satb1 and Satb2 are regulators of higher order chromatin in T cells and osteoblasts repectively. We were interested if Satb1 and Satb2 play a role in the regulation of gene expression in ES cells. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE17487: Expression data in WT and Satb1-/- ES cells GSE17488: Expression data in WT and ES cells overexpressing Satb1 GSE17489: Expression data in WT and ES cells overexpressing Satb2 Refer to individual Series
Project description:SATB2 Associated Syndrome (SAS) is characterized by severe intellectual deficiency (ID) with limited or absence of speech, behavioral problems, and craniofacial abnormalities. It is caused by de novo heterozygote mutations in the Special AT-rich sequence-Binding Protein 2 (SATB2) gene, which encodes a DNA-binding protein involved in chromatin remodeling. In the brain, SATB2 expression is mostly restricted to the projection neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Much of what is known about SATB2 function in brain development comes from studies using homozygous loss-of-function mutant mice. Nonetheless, the heterozygous loss of SATB2 negatively impacts brain development, as identified in SAS patients. Here, we report a dose-dependent requirement for Satb2 in regulating subtype specification for layer 5 subcerebral and all intra-telencephalic neurons, as a modulator of gene expression, through its binding to gene promoters and enhancers of many ID genes. Consequently, Satb2 haploinsufficiency in humans, and in mice as we show here, results in aberrations of cortical projection axons that impact mouse sensory behavior including discriminative touch and vocalization. Our findings uncover fundamental mechanisms underlying the etiology of SAS.