Dot1l cooperates with Npm1 to repress endogenous retrovirus MERVL in embryonic stem cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA833294 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR18970139_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18970139_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18970140_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18970140_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18970141_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Dot1l is a histone methyltransferase without a SET domain and is responsible for H3K79 methylation, which marks active transcription. In contradiction, Dot1l also participates in silencing gene expression. The target regions and mechanism of Dot1l in repressing transcription remain enigmatic. Here, we examined the possibility for Dot1l as an repressor of MERVL, which is a marker of 2-cell-like cells. Mechanistically, Dot1l interacted with and colocalized with Npm1 on MERVL, and depletion of Npm1 similarly augmented MERVL expression.
2023-07-17 | GSE201849 | GEO
Project description:To identify whether Dot1l or Npm1 were enriched in MERVL directly, we performed Dot1l and Npm1 ChIP-seq in wildtype ESCs. We conclude that Dot1l and Npm1 binding were enriched on MERVL-int region, suggesting a direct regulatory role of Dot1l and Npm1 on MERVL expression.
2023-07-18 | GSE201848 | GEO
Project description:Dot1l is a histone methyltransferase without a SET domain and is responsible for H3K79 methylation, which marks active transcription. In contradiction, Dot1l also participates in silencing gene expression. The target regions and mechanism of Dot1l in repressing transcription remain enigmatic. Here, we show that Dot1l represses endogenous retroviruses in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Specifically, the absence of Dot1l led to the activation of MERVL, which is a marker of 2-cell-like cells. In addition, Dot1l deletion activated the 2-cell-like state and predisposed ESCs to differentiate into trophectoderm lineage. Transcriptome analysis revealed activation of 2-cell genes and meiotic genes by Dot1l deletion. Mechanistically, Dot1l interacted with and co-localized with Npm1 on MERVL, and depletion of Npm1 similarly augmented MERVL expression. The catalytic activity and AT-hook domain of Dot1l are important to suppress MERVL. Notably, Dot1l-Npm1 restricts MERVL by regulating protein level and deposition of histone H1. Furthermore, Dot1l is critical for Npm1 to efficiently interact with histone H1 and inhibit ubiquitination of H1 whereas Npm1 is essential for Dot1l to interact with MERVL. Altogether, we discover that Dot1l represses MERVL through chaperoning H1 by collaborating with Npm1. Importantly, our findings shed light on the non-canonical transcriptional repressive role of Dot1l in ESCs.
| S-EPMC10516645 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is a critical post-fertilization step that promotes totipotency and allows different cell fates to emerge in the developing embryo. MERVL, murine endogenous retrovirus-L, is transiently upregulated at the 2-cell stage around the time of ZGA. Although MERVL expression is widely used as a marker of totipotency, the role of this retrotransposon in mouse embryogenesis remains elusive. Here, we develop methods for consistent knockdown (KD) and inactivation of interspersed copies of MERVL and show that MERVL transcripts, but not encoded retroviral proteins and their long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter that drives chimeric transcripts with host genes, is essential for accurate regulation of the host transcriptome and chromatin state during preimplantation development. Both KD and CRISPRi-based repression of MERVL result in embryonic lethality due to defects in differentiation and genomic stability. Furthermore, transcriptome and epigenome analysis revealed that loss of MERVL transcript led to retain an accessible chromatin state at, and aberrant expression of, a subset of 2-cell specific genes at mid-preimplantation stages. Taken together, our results suggest a model in which an endogenous retrovirus plays a critical role in regulating host cell fate potential.
2023-02-12 | GSE196520 | GEO
Project description:ChIP-seq analysis about Dot1l and Npm1 samples
| PRJNA833299 | ENA
Project description:The murine endogenous retrovirus MERVL is closely associated with the developmental potential of totipotency, manifesting dynamic and reversible activation within a small population of in vitro-cultured mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). While numerous regulators have been identified to influence the on and off switches of MERVL, how its activation is linked to the cellular decision-making of mESCs remains poorly understood. In this study, our genome-wide knockout screen uncovered an intimate relationship between MERVL activation and DNA damage response pathways. Specifically, we found that deficiency of Ints7, a backbone subunit of the Integrator complex, resulted in increased DNA damage, stabilization of p53, and hence transcriptional activation of MERVL. Moreover, we revealed that MERVL activation upon Ints7 knockdown was frequently accompanied by the activation of caspase 3. Intriguingly, a proportion of the caspase-activated mESCs were able to switch on MERVL meanwhile circumvent apoptosis and evade cell death, resembling a process known as anastasis. Altogether, our study highlights an association between MERVL activation and the p53-dependent cell fate plasticity in response to DNA damage, suggesting that limited caspase activation can alter developmental potential of stem cells.
2025-01-01 | GSE261614 | GEO
Project description:The murine endogenous retrovirus MERVL is closely associated with the developmental potential of totipotency, manifesting dynamic and reversible activation within a small population of in vitro-cultured mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). While numerous regulators have been identified to influence the on and off switches of MERVL, how its activation is linked to the cellular decision-making of mESCs remains poorly understood. In this study, our genome-wide knockout screen uncovered an intimate relationship between MERVL activation and DNA damage response pathways. Specifically, we found that deficiency of Ints7, a backbone subunit of the Integrator complex, resulted in increased DNA damage, stabilization of p53, and hence transcriptional activation of MERVL. Moreover, we revealed that MERVL activation upon Ints7 knockdown was frequently accompanied by the activation of caspase 3. Intriguingly, a proportion of the caspase-activated mESCs were able to switch on MERVL meanwhile circumvent apoptosis and evade cell death, resembling a process known as anastasis. Altogether, our study highlights an association between MERVL activation and the p53-dependent cell fate plasticity in response to DNA damage, suggesting that limited caspase activation can alter developmental potential of stem cells.
2025-07-29 | GSE293177 | GEO
Project description:The murine endogenous retrovirus MERVL is closely associated with the developmental potential of totipotency, manifesting dynamic and reversible activation within a small population of in vitro-cultured mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). While numerous regulators have been identified to influence the on and off switches of MERVL, how its activation is linked to the cellular decision-making of mESCs remains poorly understood. In this study, our genome-wide knockout screen uncovered an intimate relationship between MERVL activation and DNA damage response pathways. Specifically, we found that deficiency of Ints7, a backbone subunit of the Integrator complex, resulted in increased DNA damage, stabilization of p53, and hence transcriptional activation of MERVL. Moreover, we revealed that MERVL activation upon Ints7 knockdown was frequently accompanied by the activation of caspase 3. Intriguingly, a proportion of the caspase-activated mESCs were able to switch on MERVL meanwhile circumvent apoptosis and evade cell death, resembling a process known as anastasis. Altogether, our study highlights an association between MERVL activation and the p53-dependent cell fate plasticity in response to DNA damage, suggesting that limited caspase activation can alter developmental potential of stem cells.
2025-07-01 | GSE300876 | GEO
Project description:Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are suppressed to maintain genome stability and it’s regulatory mechanism remains unclear. To determine the restrain mechanism of MERVL, we knocked out Dot1l and analyzed the effect on the expression of transposable elements and coding genes. Our results showed Dot1l as a repressor of MERVL and 2-cell genes in ESCs.
2023-07-18 | GSE201847 | GEO
Project description:The histone methyltransferase DOT1L catalyzes methylation of H3K79 and it is highly conserved in mammals. DOT1L plays a functional role in several biological processes including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, RNA splicing and gene expression, suggesting a complex role in chromatin organization and regulation. Such a remarkable range of functions performed by DOT1l can be the result, at least partially, of its interaction with different proteins and presence in different complexes. Here, we characterized the interaction of DOT1L with the nucleolar protein NPM1 and the impact of the DOT1L/NPM1 complex on nucleoli organization and activity. We show that i) DOT1L interacts preferentially with monomeric NPM1 in the nucleus; ii) DOT1L interaction with NPM1 is key to maintain their protein homeostasis; iii) NPM1 depletion results in H3K79me2 upregulation at chromatin remodeling genes; iv) DOT1L/NPM1 complex preserved peri-nucleolar heterochromatin organization via epigenetic mechanisms. Our findings unravel the molecular mechanisms employed by the DOT1L/NPM1 complex to maintain heterochromatin organization around the nucleoli and shed light on one aspect of the complex role of DOT1L in chromatin dynamics.
2024-01-01 | GSE223361 | GEO