Project description:B10.BR mice were lethally irradiated and infused with 5000 FACS-sorted HSCs and 1000000 T cells from C57B/6J donors with 50000 FACS-purified wild-type pDCs or VIP-KO pDCs. On day 8 and day 15 after the bone marrow transplant, donor T cells were isolated and the RNA expression were detected.
Project description:In this study, we investigated the involvement of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) in intestinal epithelium homeostasis and the underlying mechanisms by comparing the transcriptome profiles of intestinal crypts from intestinal epithelial-specific knockout (Fpr2VKO) and control (Fpr2f/f) mice.
Project description:To elucidate the mechanisms involved in maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis through formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR2), small intestinal organoids derived from Fpr2f/f mice were used as an ex vivo model. Transcriptomics were examined via RNA-seq following FPR2 activation with MMK-1.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of M.tb H37Rv cells comparing control wild type H37Rv with H37Rv cells electroporated with constitutive expression plasmid pVV16 expressing ESAT-6 binding peptide SL3. The expression of SL3 makes H37Rv less virulent during ex vivo and BalB/c mice infections, sequesters ESAT-6 inside M.tb cells and cause severe defects in mycobacterial morphology. Goal was to determine the effects of SL3 expression on global H37Rv gene expression.
Project description:Type I interferons (IFN) are crucial mediators of human innate and adaptive immunity and are massively produced from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). IRF7 is a critical regulator of type I IFN production when pathogens are detected by TLR7/9 in pDC. However, hyperactivation of pDC can cause life-threatening autoimmune diseases. To avoid the deleterious effects of aberrant pDC activation, tight regulation of IRF7 is required. Nonetheless, the detailed mechanisms of how IRF7 transcription is regulated in pDC are still elusive. To this end, we identified the global gene expression changes after stimulation of human primary pDC with the TLR9 agonist CpGB. We identified that the transcription factor MYC is prominently upregulated upon CpGB engagement in pDC. Moreover, when we knocked down MYC in the pDC-like cell line GEN2.2, production of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) was dramatically increased and was further enhanced by CpGB. Interestingly, MYC is shown to be recruited to the IRF7 promoter region through interaction with NCOR2/HDAC3 for its repression, and HDAC3 inhibition enhanced IRF7 expression and IFNβ production. Interestingly, activation of TLR9-mediated NF-kB and MAPK and nuclear translocation of IRF7 were greatly enhanced by MYC depletion. Pharmaceutical inhibition of MYC recovered IRF7 expression, further confirming the negative role of MYC in the antiviral response by pDC. Furthermore, the inverse correlation of MYC and IRF7 was validated in psoriasis skin sample datasets. Therefore, our results identify the novel immunomodulatory role of MYC in human pDC and may add to our understanding of aberrant pDC function in autoimmune diseases.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of M.tb H37Rv cells comparing control wild type H37Rv with H37Rv cells electroporated with constitutive expression plasmid pVV16 expressing ESAT-6 binding peptide SL3. The expression of SL3 makes H37Rv less virulent during ex vivo and BalB/c mice infections, sequesters ESAT-6 inside M.tb cells and cause severe defects in mycobacterial morphology. Goal was to determine the effects of SL3 expression on global H37Rv gene expression. Two color Experiment,Organism: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, ilife Discoveries designed Custom Mycobacterium tuberculosis on 8x15k GE Microarray. Two-condition experiment, H37Rv vs. H37Rv/SL3. Biological replicates: 2 biological control H37RV replicates labelled with Cy3, 2 SL3 biological expressing replicates labelled with Cy5.
Project description:To investigate the contribution of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) to intestinal epithelium homeostasis and the underlying mechanisms, we isolated small intestinal crypts from intestinal epithelial-specific knockout (Fpr2VKO) and control (Fpr2f/f) mice, isolated epithelial cells from the crypts and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq). The transcriptome profiles of Fpr2VKO and Fpr2f/f mice were compared.
Project description:The healthy intestine mounts immune responses to microbiota to maintain homeostasis, which includes basal production of interferon cytokines. Previous work showed that Type III Interferon (IFN-λ) stimulates localized pockets of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the adult mouse intestinal epithelium at homeostasis that provide preemptive protection from viral pathogens. Here, we demonstrate that a major source of homeostatic IFN-λ production in the intestine is a population of epithelium-associated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). These pDC are recruited to the intestine by bacterial microbiota colonization, and pDC depletion or bone marrow reconstitution with IFN-λ-deficient pDC results in reduced homeostatic ISGs in the intestinal epithelium. Notably, intestinal pDC preferentially produce IFN-λ over Type I IFNs whereas splenic pDC produce more Type I IFNs. Comparison of splenic and intestinal pDC reveal tissue-specific changes in gene expression and genomic accessibility, including evidence of response to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in the intestine. Isolated gut pDC produce more IFN-λ that splenic pDC upon stimulation, and pre-treatment of a human pDC cell line with TGF-β results in enhanced production of IFN-λ upon stimulation. This study implicates pDC as important sources of homeostatic IFN-λ in the intestine and defines the role of barrier cytokine TGF-β in regulating IFN types produced by pDC upon stimulation. Reprogramming of recruited pDC by tissue cytokines may have important implications for balancing effective antimicrobial responses with damaging inflammation at barrier tissues.
Project description:The healthy intestine mounts immune responses to microbiota to maintain homeostasis, which includes basal production of interferon cytokines. Previous work showed that Type III Interferon (IFN-λ) stimulates localized pockets of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the adult mouse intestinal epithelium at homeostasis that provide preemptive protection from viral pathogens. Here, we demonstrate that a major source of homeostatic IFN-λ production in the intestine is a population of epithelium-associated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). These pDC are recruited to the intestine by bacterial microbiota colonization, and pDC depletion or bone marrow reconstitution with IFN-λ-deficient pDC results in reduced homeostatic ISGs in the intestinal epithelium. Notably, intestinal pDC preferentially produce IFN-λ over Type I IFNs whereas splenic pDC produce more Type I IFNs. Comparison of splenic and intestinal pDC reveal tissue-specific changes in gene expression and genomic accessibility, including evidence of response to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in the intestine. Isolated gut pDC produce more IFN-λ that splenic pDC upon stimulation, and pre-treatment of a human pDC cell line with TGF-β results in enhanced production of IFN-λ upon stimulation. This study implicates pDC as important sources of homeostatic IFN-λ in the intestine and defines the role of barrier cytokine TGF-β in regulating IFN types produced by pDC upon stimulation. Reprogramming of recruited pDC by tissue cytokines may have important implications for balancing effective antimicrobial responses with damaging inflammation at barrier tissues.