Project description:Recent studies highlighted fecal microRNAs as promising non-invasive biomarkers for investigating the effects of environmental factors on the gut, while also strengthening the association between fecal microRNAs and the gut microbiota. In this study, we explored the fecal miRNome and gut microbiome of 54 young, healthy individuals living in a high-pollution (Land of Fires, LF) or a low-pollution area (Valley of Sele) in Italy’s Campania region.