Single Cell Profiling of CD45+ Spinal Cord Cells Reveals Microglial and B Cell Heterogeneity and Crosstalk Following Spinal Cord Injury
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA880899 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
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Project description:CD45+ Spinal Cord Cells Reveals Microglial and B Cell Heterogeneity and Crosstalk Following Spinal Cord Injury
2022-11-09 | GSE213471 | GEO
Project description:The quantitative variations and specific roles of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) within spinal cord injury (SCI) remain elusive. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence, we discovered that Treg cells began to infiltrate the injured spinal cords in mice approximately three days after SCI. Selective depletion of Treg cells resulted in an expansion of the injury area, reduction in neuronal survival, and a decrease in long-term functional recovery post-SCI. Transcriptomic analyses of Treg cells unveiled potent anti-inflammatory functions and the potential to influence neighboring immune cells within the spinal cord after SCI. Adoptive transfer of Treg cells demonstrated measurable improvement in SCI recovery and increased neuronal retention in mice. However, selective depletion of microglia inhibited the neuroprotective effects of Treg cells, indicating that the effect of Treg cells in the spinal cord depends on the presence of microglia. Mechanistically, Treg cells promoted spinal cord functional recovery by upregulating microglial Abcg1 receptor expression, enhancing cholesterol transport, reducing microglial lipid droplet formation, and moderating the M1 phenotype after SCI. In summary, our study elucidates the spatiotemporal distribution of Treg cells after SCI and their unique transcriptomic features, clarifying the impact of Treg cells on microglial cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory phenotype. These findings indicate that Treg cells may serve as a potential target for SCI treatment.
2025-09-29 | GSE243607 | GEO
Project description:Adult zebrafish have the ability to recover from spinal cord injury and exhibit re-growth of descending axons from the brainstem to the spinal cord. We performed gene expression analysis using microarray to find damage-induced genes after spinal cord injury, which shows that Sox11b mRNA is up-regulated at 11 days after injury. However, the functional relevance of Sox11b for regeneration is not known. Here, we report that the up-regulation of Sox11b mRNA after spinal cord injury is mainly localized in ependymal cells lining the central canal and in newly differentiating neuronal precursors or immature neurons. Using an in vivo morpholino-based gene knockout approach, we demonstrate that Sox11b is essential for locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury. In the injured spinal cord, expression of the neural stem cell associated gene, Nestin, and the proneural gene Ascl1a (Mash1a), which are involved in the self-renewal and cell fate specification of endogenous neural stem cells, respectively, is regulated by Sox11b. Our data indicate that Sox11b promotes neuronal determination of endogenous stem cells and regenerative neurogenesis after spinal cord injury in the adult zebrafish. Enhancing Sox11b expression to promote proliferation and neurogenic determination of endogenous neural stem cells after injury may be a promising strategy in restorative therapy after spinal cord injury in mammals. Spinal cord injury or control sham injury was performed on adult zebrafish. After 4, 12, or 264 hrs, a 5 mm segment of spinal cord was dissected and processed (as a pool from 5 animals) in three replicate groups for each time point and treatment.
2010-10-19 | E-GEOD-20460 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundImmune cells play crucial roles after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, incomplete knowledge of immune contributions to injury and repair hinders development of SCI therapies. We leveraged single-cell observations to describe key populations of immune cells present in the spinal cord and changes in their transcriptional profiles from uninjured to subacute and chronic stages of SCI.MethodsDeep-read single-cell sequencing was performed on CD45+ cells from spinal cords of uninjured and injured Swiss-webster mice. After T9 thoracic contusion, cells were collected 3-, 7-, and 60-day post-injury (dpi). Subpopulations of CD45+ immune cells were identified informatically, and their transcriptional responses characterized with time. We compared gene expression in spinal cord microglia and B cell subpopulations with those in published models of disease and injury. Microglia were compared with Disease Associated Microglia (DAM) and Injury Responsive Microglia (IRM). B cells were compared to developmental lineage states and to an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) model.ResultsIn uninjured and 7 dpi spinal cord, most CD45+ cells isolated were microglia while chronically B cells predominated. B cells accumulating in the spinal cord following injury included immature B to mature stages and were predominantly found in the injury zone. We defined diverse subtypes of microglia and B cells with altered gene expression with time after SCI. Spinal cord microglia gene expression indicates differences from brain microglia at rest and in inflammatory states. Expression analysis of signaling ligand-receptor partners identified microglia-B cell interactions at acute and chronic stages that may be involved in B cell recruitment, retention, and formation of ectopic lymphoid follicles.ConclusionsImmune cell responses to SCI have region-specific aspects and evolve with time. Developmentally diverse populations of B cells accumulate in the spinal cord following injury. Microglia at subacute stages express B cell recruitment factors, while chronically, they express factors predicted to reduce B cell inflammatory state. In the injured spinal cord, B cells create ectopic lymphoid structures, and express secreted factors potentially acting on microglia. Our study predicts previously unidentified crosstalk between microglia and B cells post-injury at acute and chronic stages, revealing new potential targets of inflammatory responses for SCI repair warranting future functional analyses.
| S-EPMC9635187 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mice lacking the developmental axon guidance molecule EphA4 have previously been shown to exhibit extensive axonal regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury. To assess mechanisms by which EphA4 may modify the response to neural injury, a microarray was performed on spinal cord tissue from mice with spinal cord injury and sham injured controls. RNA was purified from spinal cords of adult EphA4 knockout and wild-type mice four days following lumbar spinal cord hemisection or laminectomy only and was hybridised to Affymetrix All-Exon Array 1.0 GeneChips. While subsequent analyses indicated that several pathways were altered in EphA4 knockout mice, of particular interest was the attenuated or otherwise altered expression of a number of inflammatory genes, including Arginase 1, expression of which was lower in injured EphA4 knockout compared to wild-type mice. Immunohistological analyses of different cellular components of the immune response were then performed in injured EphA4 knockout and wild-type spinal cords. While numbers of infiltrating CD3+ T cells were low in the hemisection model, a robust CD11b+ macrophage / microglial response was observed post-injury. There was no difference in the overall number or spread of macrophages / activated microglia in injured EphA4 knockout compared to wild-type spinal cords at two, four or fourteen days post-injury, however a lower proportion of Arginase-1 immunoreactive macrophages / activated microglia was observed in EphA4 knockout spinal cords at four days post-injury. Subtle alterations in the neuroinflammatory response in injured EphA4 knockout spinal cords may contribute to the regeneration and recovery observed in these mice following injury. Comparison was made between gene expression in wild-type and knockout samples both before and after injury. 3 replicates per group.
2012-05-23 | E-GEOD-34430 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human iPSC-derived thoracic spinal cord organoids were transplanted into spinal cord injury mice, and spinal cord tissue was collected after 7 weeks. The transplantation resulted in functional recovery and neural circuit remodeling in the injured mice.
2025-08-21 | GSE305911 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptome analysis of spinal cord microglia and total spinal cord from Lewis rats intratracheally treated with PBS, neomycin or vancomycin.
2021-12-21 | GSE192411 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptome analysis of spinal cord microglia and total spinal cord
| PRJNA791374 | ENA
Project description:We use transcriptome analysis to study the spinal cord transcriptome during MHV-induced demyelinating disease and find important biological pathways for demyelinating pathology. We find evidence of a Th1 cytokine response, ongoing antigen presentation and lymphocyte proliferation, lipid metabolism changes, and eicosanoid inflammation. In addition, we report several genes important for osteoclast function have augmented expression in the CNS during demyelination, suggesting a parallel between the osteoclast and microglial functions in maintaining homeostasis and the fidelity of specialized extracellular matrices in their respective compartments. RNA-seq of mock-infected and MHV-infected spinal cord tissue at 33 days post-infection, the peak of demyelination.
2013-06-15 | E-GEOD-44333 | biostudies-arrayexpress