System-wide identification of myeloid markers of TB disease and HIV-induced reactivation in the macaque model of Mtb infection and Mtb/SIV co-infection
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PROVIDER: PRJNA882777 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has developed specialized mechanisms to parasitize its host cell, the macrophage. These mechanisms allow it to overcome killing by oxidative burst and persist in the wake of an inflammatory response. Mtb infection in the majority of those exposed is controlled in an asymptomatic form referred to as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). HIV is a well-known catalyst of reactivation of LTBI to active TB infection (ATB). Through the use of nonhuman primates (NHPs) co-infected with Mtb and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (Mtb/SIV), we are able to simulate human progression of TB/AIDS comorbidity. The advantage of NHP models is that they recapitulate the breadth of human TB outcomes, including immune control of infection, and loss of this control due to SIV co-infection. Using macaques infected with Mtb or Mtb/SIV and with different clinical outcomes we attempted to identify signatures between those that progress to active infection after SIV challenge (reactivators) and those that control the infection (non-reactivators).
2022-09-23 | GSE213850 | GEO
Project description:Question Addressed: How does Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection alter gene expression in memory CD4 T cell subsets very early during the 1st 10 days after infection? Memory CD4 T cells were sorted from rhesus macaque peripheral blood samples before infection and then at 4 and 10 days post SIV infection. RNA was recovered from the sorted memory CD4 T cells samples. RNA from the time point prior to SIV infection from each individual animal was used as the reference for the post SIV infection time points for that same animal. Thus, for each data set, the 4 and 10 day time points are being directly compared to the pre-infection data from the same animal. RNA samples as indicated above were used for reverse transcription reactions that directly incorporate Cy5 and Cy3 labeled nucleotides into the cDNA. Time: Time after infection with SIV
2019-09-23 | GSE38917 | GEO
Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has developed specialized mechanisms to parasitize its host cell, the macrophage. These mechanisms allow it to overcome killing by oxidative burst and persist in the wake of an inflammatory response. Mtb infection in the majority of those exposed is controlled in an asymptomatic form referred to as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). HIV is a well-known catalyst of reactivation of LTBI to active TB infection (ATB). Through the use of nonhuman primates (NHPs) co-infected with Mtb and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (Mtb/SIV), we are able to simulate human progression of TB/AIDS comorbidity. The advantage of NHP models is that they recapitulate the breadth of human TB outcomes, including immune control of infection, and loss of this control due to SIV co-infection. Identifying correlates of immune control of infection is important for both vaccine and therapeutics development. Using macaques infected with Mtb or Mtb/SIV and with different clinical outcomes we attempted to identify signatures between those that progress to active infection after SIV challenge (reactivators) and those that control the infection (non-reactivators). We particularly focused on pathways relevant to myeloid origin cells such as macrophages, as these innate immunocytes have an important contribution to the initial control or the lack thereof, following Mtb infection. Using bacterial burden, C-reactive protein (CRP), and other clinical indicators of disease severity as a guide, we were able to establish gene signatures of host disease state and progression. In addition to gene signatures, clustering algorithms were used to differentiate between host disease states and identify relationships between genes. This allowed us to identify clusters of genes which exhibited differential expression profiles between the three groups of macaques: ATB, LTBI and Mtb/SIV. The gene signatures were associated with pathways relevant to apoptosis, ATP production, phagocytosis, cell migration, and Type I interferon (IFN), which are related to macrophage function. Our results suggest novel macrophage functions that may play roles in the control of Mtb infection with and without co-infection with SIV. These results particularly point towards an interplay between Type I IFN signaling and IFN-γ signaling, and the resulting impact on lung macrophages as an important determinant of progression to TB.
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Project description:Question Addressed: Does gene expression change in the buccal mucosa of Lymphocryptovirus (LCV) infected animals when they are chronically infected with Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)? Oropharyngeal mucosal tissue samples were collected from rhesus macaques. A pooled common reference was used for all hybridizations. This reference was composed of RNA harvested from rhesus macaques not infected with either LCV or SIV. Infection: Animals were infected with SIV and/or LCV
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Project description:We performed single nuclei transcriptomics frontal cortex samples of rhesus macaques 10- and 20-days post-SIV infection, compared to non-infected controls, to understand alterations of cell type specific neural transcriptomes during acute infection period.
2025-02-05 | GSE277094 | GEO
Project description:Natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) does not progress to disease despite chronic virus replication. In contrast to pathogenic SIV infection of rhesus macaques (RMs), chronic SIV infection of SMs is characterized by low immune activation. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenotype, we longitudinally assessed host gene expression in SIV-infected SMs and RMs. We found that acute SIV infection of SMs is consistently associated with a robust innate immune response, including widespread up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Our findings indicate that active immune regulatory mechanisms, rather than intrinsically attenuated innate immune responses, underlie the low immuneactivation of chronically SIV-infected SMs.
2010-03-08 | GSE16147 | GEO
Project description:Natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) does not progress to disease despite chronic virus replication. In contrast to pathogenic SIV infection of rhesus macaques (RMs), chronic SIV infection of SMs is characterized by low immune activation. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenotype, we longitudinally assessed host gene expression in SIV-infected SMs and RMs. We found that acute SIV infection of SMs is consistently associated with a robust innate immune response, including widespread up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Our findings indicate that active immune regulatory mechanisms, rather than intrinsically attenuated innate immune responses, underlie the low immuneactivation of chronically SIV-infected SMs. We infected 5 SMs with SIVsmm and assessed their gene expression in RNA derived from whole blood at 3,7,10,14,30 and 180 days post-infection using Rhesus Affymetrix GeneChips. As a comparison, we also analyzed gene expression in 4 RMs infected with SIVsmm, and 8 RMs infected with SIVmac239, a classical pathogenic SIV.
2010-03-08 | E-GEOD-16147 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This study describes differential miRNA expression in intact colon tissue during acute SIV infection of rhesus macaques. Nine miRNAs were found to be significantly affected by infection, with 5 down-regulated and 4 up-regulated miRNAs. The expression of one upregulated miRNA was further characterized and found to be significantly elevated specifically in response to SIV replication and not immune activation/inflammation accompanying SIV infection.
2014-06-01 | GSE56624 | GEO