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Oncogene expression from extrachromosomal DNA is driven by copy number amplification and does not require spatial clustering in glioblastoma stem cells

ABSTRACT: Oncogene expression from extrachromosomal DNA is driven by copy number amplification and does not require spatial clustering in glioblastoma stem cells

PROVIDER: PRJNA890239 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR21894100.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21894095_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21894095_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21894096_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21894096_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Oncogene expression from extrachromosomal DNA is driven by copy number amplification and does not require spatial clustering in glioblastoma stem cells

Project description:Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) are frequently observed in human cancers and are responsible for high levels of oncogene expression. In glioblastoma (GBM), ecDNA copy number correlates with poor prognosis. It is hypothesized that their copy number, size and chromatin accessibility facilitate clustering of ecDNA and colocalization with transcriptional hubs, and that this underpins their elevated transcriptional activity. Here, we use super-resolution imaging and quantitative image analysis to evaluate GBM stem cells harboring distinct ecDNA species (EGFR, CDK4, PDGFR). We found no evidence that ecDNA routinely cluster with one another or closely interact with transcriptional hubs. Cells with EGFR-containing ecDNA have increased EGFR transcriptional output, but transcription per gene copy was similar in ecDNA compared to the endogenous chromosomal locus. These data suggest that it is the increased copy number of oncogene-harboring ecDNA that primarily drives high levels of oncogene transcription, rather than specific interactions of ecDNA with each other or with high concentrations of the transcriptional machinery.

2022-11-11 | GSE215420 | GEO

Oncogene expression from extrachromosomal DNA is driven by copy number amplification and does not require spatial clustering in glioblastoma stem cells.

Project description:Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) are frequently observed in human cancers and are responsible for high levels of oncogene expression. In glioblastoma (GBM), ecDNA copy number correlates with poor prognosis. It is hypothesized that their copy number, size, and chromatin accessibility facilitate clustering of ecDNA and colocalization with transcriptional hubs, and that this underpins their elevated transcriptional activity. Here, we use super-resolution imaging and quantitative image analysis to evaluate GBM stem cells harbouring distinct ecDNA species (EGFR, CDK4, PDGFRA). We find no evidence that ecDNA routinely cluster with one another or closely interact with transcriptional hubs. Cells with EGFR-containing ecDNA have increased EGFR transcriptional output, but transcription per gene copy is similar in ecDNA compared to the endogenous chromosomal locus. These data suggest that it is the increased copy number of oncogene-harbouring ecDNA that primarily drives high levels of oncogene transcription, rather than specific interactions of ecDNA with each other or with high concentrations of the transcriptional machinery.

| S-EPMC9728993 | biostudies-literature

Extrachromosomal DNA-driven oncogene dosage heterogeneity promotes rapid adaptation to therapy in MYCN-amplified cancers

Project description:Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) amplification enhances intercellular oncogene dosage variability and accelerates tumor evolution by violating foundational principles of genetic inheritance through its asymmetric mitotic segregation. Spotlighting high-risk neuroblastoma we demonstrate how ecDNA amplification undermines the clinical efficacy of current therapies in cancers with extrachromosomal MYCN amplification. Integrating theoretical models of oncogene copy number-dependent fitness with single-cell ecDNA quantification and phenotype analyses, we reveal that ecDNA copy number heterogeneity drives phenotypic diversity and determines treatment sensitivity through mechanisms unattainable by chromosomal oncogene amplification. We demonstrate that ecDNA copy number directly influences critical cell fate decisions in cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenografts and primary neuroblastomas, illustrating how extrachromosomal oncogene dosage-driven phenotypic diversity offers a strong evolutionary advantage under therapeutic pressure. Furthermore, we identify senescent ecDNA-containing cells with reduced copy numbers in neuroblastomas and other MYC-amplified cancers as a source of treatment resistance and outline a strategy for their targeted elimination to improve the poor outcome of patients with MYCN-amplified cancers.

2025-07-05 | PXD064049 | Pride

Functional enhancers shape extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications

Project description:Functional enhancers shape extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications

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Engineered extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications promote tumorigenesis

Project description:Engineered extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications promote tumorigenesis

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Histone Lysine Methylation Dynamics Control EGFR DNA Copy-Number Amplification

Project description:Acquired chromosomal DNA copy gains are a feature of many tumors; however, the mechanisms that underpin oncogene amplifi cation are poorly understood. Recent studies have begun to uncover the importance of epigenetic states and histone lysine methyltrans_x0002_ferases (KMT) and demethylases (KDM) in regulating transient site-specifi c DNA copy-number gains (TSSG). In this study, we reveal a critical interplay between a myriad of lysine methyltransferases and demethylases in modulating H3K4/9/27 methylation balance to control extrachromosomal amplifi ca_x0002_tion of the EGFR oncogene. This study further establishes that cellular signals (hypoxia and EGF) are able to directly promote EGFR amplifi cation through modulation of the enzymes controlling EGFR copy gains. Moreover, we demonstrate that chemical inhibitors targeting specifi c KMTs and KDMs are able to promote or block extrachromosomal EGFR amplifi cation, which identifi es potential therapeu

2026-01-07 | GSE315481 | GEO

Engineered extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications promote tumorigenesis (RNA-Seq)

Project description:Engineered extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications promote tumorigenesis (RNA-Seq)

| PRJNA1100544 | ENA

Extrachromosomal oncogene amplification drives tumour evolution and genetic heterogeneity.

Project description:Human cells have twenty-three pairs of chromosomes. In cancer, however, genes can be amplified in chromosomes or in circular extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), although the frequency and functional importance of ecDNA are not understood. We performed whole-genome sequencing, structural modelling and cytogenetic analyses of 17 different cancer types, including analysis of the structure and function of chromosomes during metaphase of 2,572 dividing cells, and developed a software package called ECdetect to conduct unbiased, integrated ecDNA detection and analysis. Here we show that ecDNA was found in nearly half of human cancers; its frequency varied by tumour type, but it was almost never found in normal cells. Driver oncogenes were amplified most commonly in ecDNA, thereby increasing transcript level. Mathematical modelling predicted that ecDNA amplification would increase oncogene copy number and intratumoural heterogeneity more effectively than chromosomal amplification. We validated these predictions by quantitative analyses of cancer samples. The results presented here suggest that ecDNA contributes to accelerated evolution in cancer.

| S-EPMC5334176 | biostudies-literature

Engineered extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications promote tumorigenesis [shallow whole genome sequencing and ATACseq]

Project description:Engineered extrachromosomal oncogene amplifications promote tumorigenesis [shallow whole genome sequencing and ATACseq]

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Circular extrachromosomal DNA drives massive oncogene expression and chromatin accessibility

Project description:Oncogenes are commonly amplified on extrachromosomal DNA particles (ecDNA) in cancer, but our understanding of the structure of ecDNA and its impact on gene regulation is limited. We integrated ultrastructural imaging, long range-optical mapping, and computational analysis of whole genome sequencing to demonstrate unequivocally that ecDNA is circular. Pan-cancer analyses reveal that the oncogenes encoded on ecDNA are among the most highly expressed genes in the transcriptome of tumours, linking elevated copy with very high levels of transcription. Quantitative assessment of the chromatin state, including ATAC-seq to map the accessible genome and ATAC-see to examine spatial distribution of open chromatin, reveal that while ecDNA is chromatinized, it lacks higher order compaction typical of chromosomes. In fact, ecDNA contains the most accessible DNA in the tumour genome. Using chromosome conformation capture technologies and CRISPR interference, we reveal the differential organization of active chromatin in cancer that is dictated by the circular shape of ecDNA. Lastly, we develop comprehensive maps that provide new insight into how circular ecDNA structure determines oncogene function, bridging ecDNA biology with modern cancer genomics and epigenetics.

2019-12-31 | GSE131956 | GEO

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