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Isotype switching in human memory B cells sets intrinsic antigen-affinity thresholds that dictate antigen-driven fates

ABSTRACT: Isotype switching in human memory B cells sets intrinsic antigen-affinity thresholds that dictate antigen-driven fates

PROVIDER: PRJNA890611 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR21905007_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21905007_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21905008_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21905008_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR21905009_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Isotype switching in human memory B cells sets intrinsic antigen-affinity thresholds that dictate antigen-driven fates

Project description:Memory B cells (MBCs) play a critical role in protection against homologous and variant pathogen challenge by either differentiating to plasma cells (PCs) or to germinal center (GCs) B cells. The human MBC compartment contains both switched IgG+ and unswitched IgM+ MBCs and at present the contribution of these MBC subpopulations to protection is incompletely understood. We discovered that intrinsic antigen-affinity thresholds for activation were at least 100-fold higher for IgG+ as compared to IgM+ MBCs and that IgG+ MBCs when challenged responded only to high affinity antigens and differentiated almost exclusively towards PC fates. In contrast, IgM+ MBCs were eliminated by apoptosis by high affinity antigens and responded to low affinity antigens by differentiating towards GC B cell fates. Thus, IgG+ and IgM+ MBCs may play distinct yet complementary roles in response to pathogen challenge to ensure the immediate production of high affinity antibodies to homologous and closely related challenges and the generation of variant-specific MBCs through GC reactions.

2023-10-25 | GSE215788 | GEO

Isotype switching in human memory B cells sets intrinsic antigen-affinity thresholds that dictate antigen-driven fates.

Project description:Memory B cells (MBCs) play a critical role in protection against homologous and variant pathogen challenge by either differentiating to plasma cells (PCs) or to germinal center (GC) B cells. The human MBC compartment contains both switched IgG+ and unswitched IgM+ MBCs; however, whether these MBC subpopulations are equivalent in their response to B cell receptor cross-linking and their resulting fates is incompletely understood. Here, we show that IgG+ and IgM+ MBCs can be distinguished based on their response to κ-specific monoclonal antibodies of differing affinities. IgG+ MBCs responded only to high-affinity anti-κ and differentiated almost exclusively toward PC fates. In contrast, IgM+ MBCs were eliminated by apoptosis by high-affinity anti-κ but responded to low-affinity anti-κ by differentiating toward GC B cell fates. These results suggest that IgG+ and IgM+ MBCs may play distinct yet complementary roles in response to pathogen challenge ensuring the immediate production of high-affinity antibodies to homologous and closely related challenges and the generation of variant-specific MBCs through GC reactions.

| S-EPMC10990115 | biostudies-literature

Isotype-specific plasma cells express divergent transcriptional programs

Project description:We utilized single cell-indexed custom RNA-sequencing to interogate the transcriptomes of isotype specific plasma cells at homeostasis and following immunization with a model antigen

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Small protein modules dictate prophage fates during polylysogeny.

Project description:Most bacteria in the biosphere are predicted to be polylysogens harbouring multiple prophages1-5. In studied systems, prophage induction from lysogeny to lysis is near-universally driven by DNA-damaging agents6. Thus, how co-residing prophages compete for cell resources if they respond to an identical trigger is unknown. Here we discover regulatory modules that control prophage induction independently of the DNA-damage cue. The modules bear little resemblance at the sequence level but share a regulatory logic by having a transcription factor that activates the expression of a neighbouring gene that encodes a small protein. The small protein inactivates the master repressor of lysis, which leads to induction. Polylysogens that harbour two prophages exposed to DNA damage release mixed populations of phages. Single-cell analyses reveal that this blend is a consequence of discrete subsets of cells producing one, the other or both phages. By contrast, induction through the DNA-damage-independent module results in cells producing only the phage sensitive to that specific cue. Thus, in the polylysogens tested, the stimulus used to induce lysis determines phage productivity. Considering the lack of potent DNA-damaging agents in natural habitats, additional phage-encoded sensory pathways to lysis likely have fundamental roles in phage-host biology and inter-prophage competition.

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A screen to indentify non-covalent isotype-specific SUMO binders

Project description:In this study we identify SUMO isotype-specific non covalent binders. The different isotypes include SUMO1, SUMO2 and a 3xSUMO2 chain.

2021-01-29 | PXD013842 | Pride

CpG islands and GC content dictate nucleosome depletion in a transcription independent manner at mammalian promoters

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IgH Isotype-Specific B Cell Receptor Dosage Regulates B Cell Fate

Project description:We use polyclonal Ighγ1/γ1 and Ighε/ε mice (which initially produce only IgG1 or IgE from their respective native genomic configurations) to examine the role of IgH isotype on BCR function. We use microarray expression analysis to compare the internal state of the three IgH isotype specific B-cells. Microarray was used to compare the expression level of various genes in splenic follicular B-cells of Ighε/ε, Ighγ1/γ1 and Ighwt mice. Each mouse strain also had a naturally pre-assembled Ig light chain (VJk5).

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Profiling antibody function on antigen arrays

Project description:Humoral immune responses are traditionally characterized by determining the presence and quality of antibodies specific for certain antigens. Arraying of large numbers of antigens allows the parallel measurement of antibodies, generating patterns called antibody profiles. Functional characterization of these antibodies could help draw an even more informative map of an immune response. To generate functional antibody profiles we simultaneously tested not only IgM, IgG and IgA binding to but also complement activation by a panel of endogenous and exogenous antigens printed as microarrays, using normal and autoimmune human sera. We show that complement activation by a particular antigen in a given individual cannot be predicted by the measurement of antigen specific antibodies, in spite of a general correlation between the amount of antigen-bound antibody and the deposited C3 fragments. This is due to both differences in the isotypes that dominate in the recognition of an antigen and individual variations for a given isotype, resulting in altered complement activation potential. Thus, antigen specific C3 deposition can be used as an additional parameter in immune response monitoring. This is exemplified by comparing the coordinates of antigens, used for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, of normal and autoimmune serum samples in a two-dimensional space derived from C3 deposition and antibody binding. Since cleavage fragments of C3 mediate important immunological processes we propose that measurement of their deposition on antigen microarrays, in addition to antibody profiling, can provide useful functional signature about the tested serum. Keywords: IgM immuneprofile, antigen array IgM, IgG, IgA and C3 binding in 30 human serum samples were examined using custom-made protein arrays

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Isotype-specific plasma cells express divergent transcriptional programs

Project description:Isotype-specific plasma cells express divergent transcriptional programs

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Human B cell isotype switching origins of IgE

Project description:Human B cell isotype switching origins of IgE

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