Adult Dental Epithelial Stem Cell-Derived Organoids Deposit Hydroxylapatite Biomineral
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA911163 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR22681773_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR22681773_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR22681774_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR22681774_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR22681775_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Ameloblasts are specialized cells derived from the dental epithelium that produce enamel, a hierarchically structured tissue comprised of highly elongated hydroxylapatite (OHAp) crystallites. Because enamel is acellular and has limited capacity to heal, regenerative technologies are highly desirable, yet have remained largely out of reach. This is in part due to the challenges of synthesizing crystallites with similar properties and assembling them in a mechanically robust structure. Herein, we demonstrate the ability to generate mineralizing dental epithelial organoids (DEOs) from adult dental epithelial stem cells (aDESCs) isolated from mouse incisor tissues. DEOs expressed ameloblast markers, could be maintained for more than five months (11 passages) in vitro in media containing modulators of Wnt, Egf, Bmp, Fgf and Notch signaling pathways, and were amenable to cryostorage. When implanted underneath murine kidney capsules, organoids produced OHAp crystallites similar in composition, size, and shape to mineralized dental tissues, including some enamel-like elongated crystals. DEOs are thus a powerful in vitro model for the development of the dental epithelium and enamel, and an important first step towards regrowth or replacement of enamel.
2023-11-18 | GSE220686 | GEO
Project description:Ameloblasts are specialized cells derived from the dental epithelium that produce enamel, a hierarchically structured tissue comprised of highly elongated hydroxylapatite (OHAp) crystallites. The unique function of the epithelial cells synthesizing crystallites and assembling them in a mechanically robust structure is not fully elucidated yet, partly due to limitations with in vitro experimental models. Herein, we demonstrate the ability to generate mineralizing dental epithelial organoids (DEOs) from adult dental epithelial stem cells (aDESCs) isolated from mouse incisor tissues. DEOs expressed ameloblast markers, could be maintained for more than five months (11 passages) in vitro in media containing modulators of Wnt, Egf, Bmp, Fgf and Notch signaling pathways, and were amenable to cryostorage. When transplanted underneath murine kidney capsules, organoids produced OHAp crystallites similar in composition, size, and shape to mineralized dental tissues, including some enamel-like elongated crystals. DEOs are thus a powerful in vitro model to study mineralization process by dental epithelium, which can pave the way to understanding amelogenesis and developing regenerative therapy of enamel.
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Project description:Knowledge on tooth epithelial stem cells and corresponding biology in humans is sparse. Here, we developed an organoid model, typically replicating epithelial tissue stem cell biology, starting from human tooth. Dental follicle (DF), isolated from extracted wisdom teeth, efficiently generated long-term expandable epithelial organoids. The organoids displayed a tooth stemness phenotype as present in DF’s Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez, a compartment deemed to contain tooth epithelial stem cells. To further decode the organoids in more granular detail, we applied scRNA-seq analysis on DF-derived organoids (passage 1 (P1) and P4) together with their primary tissue. Additionally, to decipher the amelogenesis-resembling process that takes place in the tooth organoids upon differentiation, we performed scRNA-seq analysis of P4 organoids switched to mineralization-inducing medium for 8 days.
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Project description:Cell fates are defined by specific transcriptional program. We developed a mouse model, in which transcriptional program for ectoderm cell fate is altered in tooth and skin. Previously, we showed that genomic deletion of one subunit of Mediator complex, Mediator 1 (Med1) in vivo regenerate ectopic hair in incisors by disrupting Notch mediated enamel epithelial differentiation. However, precise process and molecular mechanism to induce epidermal fate are not clear. Med1 deficient dental epithelial stem cells exerts transcriptional program for skin epithelia reminiscent of the pattern in the skin. Epidermal transcripts were first induced prior to hair genes during dental epithelial differentiation, resemble to the pattern of embryonic developmental process of the skin. Hair genes was specifically induced at the anagen stage synchronized with hair cycling in the skin. Epidermal program was also induced in cultured adult stem cells called dental epithelial stem cell (DESC) that is derived from micro-dissected Med1 KO cervical loop tissues that are essential for continuous regeneration of mouse incisors. Gene expression profiles for the primary DESC with colony forming capability revealed that Med1 deletion suppressed Tgfb signaling by reducing the expression of ligands (Tgfb1, Inhibin ba), receptors and their extracellular targets such as Ctgf. Med1 deletion also induced Tgfb regulated reprogramming transcription factor, Klf4 that also known to drive transcription for epidermal genes. TGFb signaling was also suppressed in Med1 null epidermis in skin, in which epidermal fate was induced in hair follicle keratinocytes. Med1 silencing blocked expression of TGFb1 and suppressed both basal and recombinant TGFb induced Smad2/3 mediated transcription of TGFb target genes in vitro. These results demonstrate that Med1 deletion enhances epidermal transcriptional program in adult stem cells through regulation of TGFb signaling.
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