Project description:Aging is a major, yet unmodifiable, risk factor for cardiovascular disease, leading to vascular alterations, increased cardiac fibrosis, and inflammation, all of which contribute to impaired cardiac function. To investigate the spatial impact of aging, we applied an integrative approach combining single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics in 12-week-old and 18-month-old mice. We systematically mapped the aging heart and identified larger vessel-associated niches as key hotspots for activated macrophages and fibroblasts in aged hearts. These niches, surrounding arteries, were also enriched in senescent cells. Our findings suggest that the microenvironment around the vasculature is particularly susceptible to age-related changes and serves as a primary site for inflammation-driven aging so called \"inflammaging\". This study provides new insights into how aging reshapes cardiac cellular architecture, highlighting vessel-associated niches as potential therapeutic targets for age-related cardiac dysfunction.
Project description:The kidney vasculature is specialized to filter waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, and balance electrolytes. Although recent advances in stem cell studies have enabled the partial generation of kidney tissues in vitro, recapitulating the complex vascular structures of the kidney remains a daunting task. The molecular pathways that specify and sustain kidney vascular heterogeneity to perform these diverse tasks are not well characterized. Here, we have employed high throughput bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing of the non-lymphatic vasculature of the kidney to uncover the progression of pathways that dictate the developmental transition of nephrogenesis and vascular zonation from embryos to adulthood. We show that glomeruli and its associated vessels, manifest vascular-specific signatures expressing defined transcription factors, ion channels, solute transporters, and paracrine factors choreographing kidney functions. Notably, the ontology of the glomerulus coincides with induction of several unique transcription factors, including Tbx3, Gata5, Prdm1, and Pbx1. Selective deletion of Tbx3 in endothelial cells result in glomerular hypoplasia, microaneurysms and regressed fenestrations leading to fibrosis. Unraveling the molecular determinants of kidney vascular signatures will lay the foundation for rebuilding nephrons and understanding the pathogenesis of kidney diseases.