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ABSTRACT: Yeast translational fidelity

PROVIDER: PRJNA972286 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR24541945_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24541945_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24541946_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24541946_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24541947_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Transfer RNA supplementation rescues HARS deficiency in a humanized yeast model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

Project description:Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are indispensable enzymes in all cells, ensuring the correct pairing of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs to maintain translational fidelity. Autosomal dominant mutations V133F and Y330C in histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS) cause the genetic disorder Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2W (CMT2W). HARS V133F and Y330C cause mistranslation as validated by mass spectrometry and growth defects that persist with histidine supplementation. The growth defects and translation fidelity for both V133F and Y330C mutants were rescued by supplementation with human tRNAHis in a humanized yeast model.

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Project description:Translational quality control is critical for maintaining the accuracy of protein synthesis in all domains of life. Mutations in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and the ribosome are known to affect translational fidelity and alter fitness, viability, stress responses, neuron function, and life span. In this study, we used a high-throughput fluorescence-based assay to screen a knock-out library of Escherichia coli and identified 30 nonessential genes that are critical for maintaining the fidelity of stop-codon readthrough. Most of these identified genes have not been shown to affect translational fidelity previously. Intriguingly, we show that several genes controlling metabolism, including cyaA and guaA, unexpectedly enhance stop-codon readthrough. CyaA and GuaA catalyze the synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP), respectively. Both CyaA and GuaA increase the expression of ribosomes and tRNAs, allowing aminoacyl-tRNAs to compete with release factors and suppress stop codons. In addition, the effect of guaA deletion on stop-codon readthrough is abolished by deleting prfC, which encodes release factor 3 (RF3). Our results suggest that nucleotide and carbon metabolism is tightly coupled with translational fidelity.

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Project description:The fidelity of translation is crucial in prokaryotes and for the nuclear-encoded proteins of eukaryotes, however little is known about the role of mistranslation in mitochondria and its effects on metabolism. We generated yeast and mouse models with error-prone and hyperaccurate mitochondrial translation fidelity and found that translation rate is more important than translational accuracy for cell function in mammals. We found that mitochondrial mistranslation reduces overall mitochondrial translation and the rate of respiratory complex assembly, however in mammals this is compensated for by increased mitochondrial protein stability and upregulation of the citric acid cycle. Moreover, mitochondrial stress signaling enables the recovery of mitochondrial translation via mitochondrial biogenesis, telomerase expression and cell proliferation, normalizing metabolism. Conversely, we show that increased fidelity of mitochondrial translation reduces the rate of protein synthesis without eliciting the mitochondrial stress response. Consequently, the rate of translation cannot be recovered causing dilated cardiomyopathy. Our findings reveal mammalian specific signaling pathways that can respond to changes in the fidelity of mitochondrial protein synthesis

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A coding sequence-embedded principle governs translational reading frame fidelity

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