Mucosal immune response against equine herpesvirus type 1
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA974455 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR24661032.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24661033.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24661034.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24661035.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24661036.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a major pathogen affecting equines worldwide and causes respiratory disease, abortion, and in some cases, neurological disease. EHV-1 strain KyA is attenuated in the mouse and equine, whereas wild-type strain RacL11 induces severe inflammatory infiltration of the lung, causing infected mice to succumb at 4 to 6 days post-infection. Our previous results showed that EHV-1 KyA immunization protected CBA mice from pathogenic RacL11 challenge at 2 and 4 weeks post-immunization, and that the infection with the attenuated KyA elicits protective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. To investigate the protective mechanisms of EHV-1 KyA by innate immune responses, CBA mice immunized with live KyA were challenged with RacL11 at various times post-vaccination. KyA immunization effectively protected CBA mice from RacL11 challenge at 1 to 7 days post-immunization. Immunized mice lost less than 10% of their preinfection body weight and rapidly regained body weight. Lung virus titers in EHV-1 KyA-immunized CBA mice were 1,000-fold lower at 2 days post-RacL11 challenge than lungs of non-immunized mice, which was indicative of accelerated virus clearance. Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed that IFN-γ and 16 antiviral interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated 3.1- to 48.2-fold at 8 h post-challenge in the lungs of RacL11-challenged mice that had been immunized with KyA. Murine IFN-γinhibited EHV-1 infection of murine alveolar macrophage MH-S cells and effectively protected mice against lethal EHV-1 challenge, suggesting that IFN-γ expression may be important in mediating protection elicited by KyA immunization. These results suggest that EHV-1 KyA can be used as a live attenuated EHV-1 vaccine as well as a prophylactic agent in horses.
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Project description:A standardbred gelding with a history of 10 days pyrexia and lethargy was referred to the Equine Hospital at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala, Sweden.The horse had tachypnea with increased respiratory effort and was in thin body condition. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis, hyperfibrinogenemia and hypoxemia. Thoracic radiographs showed signs of pneumonia with a multifocal nodular pattern, which in combination with lung biopsy findings indicated Equine Multinodular Pulmonary Fibrosis (EMPF). EMPF is a recently described disease in adult horses with clinical signs of fever, weight loss and respiratory problems. The pathological findings include loss of functional pulmonary parenchyma due to extensive nodular interstitial fibrosis which has been related to infection with the equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5). In this case, lung biopsy and tracheal wash samples tested positive for both asinine herpesvirus type 5 (AHV-5) and EHV-5 using PCR assays. The horse failed to respond to treatment and was euthanized for humane reasons. Postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of EMPF. This case suggests that not only EHV-5 alone should be considered in association with the development of this disease.
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