Sex-specific resilience of neocortex to food restriction
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA976259 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR24941512_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24941512_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24941513_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24941513_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24941514_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Mammals have evolved sex-specific adaptations to reduce energy usage in times of food scarcity. These adaptations are well described for peripheral tissue, though much less is known about how the energy-expensive brain adapts to food restriction, and how such adaptations differ across the sexes. Here, we examined how food restriction impacts energy usage and function in the primary visual cortex (V1) of adult male and female mice. Molecular analysis and RNA sequencing revealed that food restriction modulated canonical, energy-regulating pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling, significantly in males but not in females V1. Moreover, we found that in contrast to males, food restriction in females non-significantly affected V1 ATP usage and visual coding precision (assessed by orientation selectivity). Decreased serum leptin is necessary for triggering energy-saving changes in male mouse V1 during food restriction. Consistent with this result, we found a significant decrease of serum leptin in food-restricted males but no significant change in food-restricted females. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that cortical function and energy usage in female mice are more resilient to food restriction than in males. The neocortex, therefore, contributes to sex-specific, energy-saving adaptations in response to metabolic challenge.
2023-10-09 | GSE233435 | GEO
Project description:It is hypothesized that male fetuses are more vulnerable to in utero insults than female fetuses due to different growth strategies, and that the placenta contributes to these sex differences. Using the Four Core Genotypes mouse model, we examined sex differences in the fetal and placental responses to maternal food restriction (~60% of ad libitum) beginning mid-gestation (day 11.5), including the independent roles of chromosomal and gonadal sex. Food restriction reduced fetal and placental weights, but had no effect on the number of viable conceptuses. However, the effect of food restriction did not differ between gonadal male and female conceptuses, or between XX and XY conceptuses. Sex differences in gene expression in both the labyrinth and the combined junctional zone/ decidua, as assessed by RNA sequencing, were due entirely to chromosomal sex, and not to gonadal sex. Food restriction affected the expression of 525 and 665 genes in the labyrinth and the combined junctional zone/ decidua, respectively. However, these effects of food restriction did not differ by gonadal sex or chromosomal sex when assessed for statistical interactions. In contrast, when analysing XX and XY placentas separately, we found hundreds of genes that were affected by food restriction in one sex but not the other, including hundreds of genes not found to be significant in the combined analyses. However, estimated effect sizes were generally similar for XX and XY placentas, suggesting that these sex-stratified analyses greatly exaggerated the extent of sex-dependent responses. Overall, we did not find evidence of the hypothesized sex differences in fetal growth strategy, and found that sex differences in placental gene expression were largely due to chromosomal sex.
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Project description:Mammals have evolved sex-specific adaptations to reduce energy usage in times of food scarcity. These adaptations are well described for peripheral tissue, though much less is known about how the energy-expensive brain adapts to food restriction, and how such adaptations differ across the sexes. Here, we examined how food restriction impacts energy usage and function in the primary visual cortex (V1) of adult male and female mice. Molecular analysis and RNA sequencing in V1 revealed that in males, but not in females, food restriction significantly modulated canonical, energy-regulating pathways, including pathways associated waith AMP-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, mammalian target of rapamycin, and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, we found that in contrast to males, food restriction in females did not significantly affect V1 ATP usage or visual coding precision (assessed by orientation selectivity). Decreased serum leptin is known to be necessary for triggering energy-saving changes in V1 during food restriction. Consistent with this, we found significantly decreased serum leptin in food-restricted males but no significant change in food-restricted females. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that cortical function and energy usage in female mice are more resilient to food restriction than in males. The neocortex, therefore, contributes to sex-specific, energy-saving adaptations in response to food restriction.
| S-EPMC11230624 | biostudies-literature
Project description:It is hypothesized that male fetuses are more vulnerable to in utero insults than female fetuses due to different growth strategies, and that the placenta contributes to these sex differences. Using the Four Core Genotypes mouse model, we examined sex differences in the fetal and placental responses to maternal food restriction (~60% of ad libitum) beginning mid-gestation (day 11.5), including the independent roles of chromosomal and gonadal sex. Food restriction reduced fetal and placental weights, but had no effect on the number of viable conceptuses. However, the effect of food restriction did not differ between gonadal male and female conceptuses, or between XX and XY conceptuses. Sex differences in gene expression in both the labyrinth and the combined junctional zone/ decidua, as assessed by RNA sequencing, were due entirely to chromosomal sex, and not to gonadal sex. Food restriction affected the expression of 525 and 665 genes in the labyrinth and the combined junctional zone/ decidua, respectively. However, these effects of food restriction did not differ by gonadal sex or chromosomal sex when assessed for statistical interactions. In contrast, when analysing XX and XY placentas separately, we found hundreds of genes that were affected by food restriction in one sex but not the other, including hundreds of genes not found to be significant in the combined analyses. However, estimated effect sizes were generally similar for XX and XY placentas, suggesting that these sex-stratified analyses greatly exaggerated the extent of sex-dependent responses. Overall, we did not find evidence of the hypothesized sex differences in fetal growth strategy, and found that sex differences in placental gene expression were largely due to chromosomal sex.
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Project description:Concentrations of leptin decline during food restriction. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that some of the effects of maternal food restriction on placental development are mediated by the loss of leptin. Mice were randomized to 3 treatment groups on day 1.5 of pregnancy: (1) ad libitum fed (control) (2) 50% food restriction (restricted) (3) 50% food restriction with leptin replacement (1µg/g body weight/day) (leptin). On day 11.5 placentas were collected, and two placentas from each mother were pooled for microarray analysis.
2012-12-07 | E-GEOD-38095 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Concentrations of leptin decline during food restriction. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that some of the effects of maternal food restriction on placental development are mediated by the loss of leptin.
2012-12-07 | GSE38095 | GEO
Project description:The aim of this study is to obtain the gene expression profiles of the intestine of young growing rats after mild restriction of food intake for one month.
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Project description:The aim of this study is to obtain the gene expression profiles of the brain of young growing rats after mild restriction of food intake for one week or one month.
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Project description:The aim of this study is to obtain the gene expression profiles of the liver of young growing rats after mild restriction of food intake for one week or one month.
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